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Graphs, Friends and Acquaintances
As is well known, a graph is a mathematical object modeling the
existence of a certain relation between pairs of elements of a given set.
Therefore, it is not surprising that many of the first results concerning
graphs made reference to relationships between people or groups of
people. In this article, we comment on four results of this kind, which
are related to various general theories on graphs and their applications:
the Handshake lemma (related to graph colorings and Boolean
algebra), a lemma on known and unknown people at a cocktail party
(to Ramsey theory), a theorem on friends in common (to distanceregularity
and coding theory), and Hall’s Marriage theorem (to the
theory of networks). These four areas of graph theory, often with
problems which are easy to state but difficult to solve, are extensively
developed and currently give rise to much research work. As examples
of representative problems and results of these areas, which are
discussed in this paper, we may cite the following: the Four Colors
Theorem (4CTC), the Ramsey numbers, problems of the existence of
distance-regular graphs and completely regular codes, and finally the
study of topological proprieties of interconnection networks.Preprin
Expander Chunked Codes
Chunked codes are efficient random linear network coding (RLNC) schemes with
low computational cost, where the input packets are encoded into small chunks
(i.e., subsets of the coded packets). During the network transmission, RLNC is
performed within each chunk. In this paper, we first introduce a simple
transfer matrix model to characterize the transmission of chunks, and derive
some basic properties of the model to facilitate the performance analysis. We
then focus on the design of overlapped chunked codes, a class of chunked codes
whose chunks are non-disjoint subsets of input packets, which are of special
interest since they can be encoded with negligible computational cost and in a
causal fashion. We propose expander chunked (EC) codes, the first class of
overlapped chunked codes that have an analyzable performance,where the
construction of the chunks makes use of regular graphs. Numerical and
simulation results show that in some practical settings, EC codes can achieve
rates within 91 to 97 percent of the optimum and outperform the
state-of-the-art overlapped chunked codes significantly.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, submitted for journal publicatio
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