Leveraging register windows to reduce physical registers to the bare minimum

Register window is an architectural technique that reduces memory operations required to save and restore registers across procedure calls. Its effectiveness depends on the size of the register file. Such register requirements are normally increased for out-of-order execution because it requires registers for the in-flight instructions, in addition to the architectural ones. However, a large register file has an important cost in terms of area and power and may even affect the cycle time. In this paper, we propose a software/hardware early register release technique that leverage register windows to drastically reduce the register requirements, and hence, reduce the register file cost. Contrary to the common belief that out-of-order processors with register windows would need a large physical register file, this paper shows that the physical register file size may be reduced to the bare minimum by using this novel microarchitecture. Moreover, our proposal has much lower hardware complexity than previous approaches, and requires minimal changes to a conventional register window scheme. Performance studies show that the proposed technique can reduce the number of physical registers to the number of logical registers plus one (minimum number to guarantee forward progress) and still achieve almost the same performance as an unbounded register file.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Context Switching with Multiple Register Windows: A RISC Performance Study

Although previous studies have shown that a large file of overlapping register windows can greatly reduce procedure call/return overhead, the effects of register windows in a multiprogramming environment are poorly understood. This paper investigates the performance of multiprogrammed, reduced instruction set computers (RISCs) as a function of window management strategy. Using an analytic model that reflects context switch and procedure call overheads, we analyze the performance of simple, linearly self-recursive programs. For more complex programs, we present the results of a simulation study. These studies show that a simple strategy that saves all windows prior to a context switch, but restores only a single window following a context switch, performs near optimally

Register Komputer di Akun Jejaring Sosial Facebook: Tinjauan Sosiolinguistik

Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. 1) Mengkaji bentuk register di akun jejaring sosial facebook. 2) Mendeskripsikan fungsi register di akun jejaring sosial facebook.. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu situs jejaring sosial facebook. Objek penelitian ini adalah berupa deskripsi register komputer pada situs jejaring sosial facebook. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dan catat. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini metode padan intralingual dan ekstralingual. Ada dua temuan yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini. 1) Bentuk register komputer dalam komunikasi di akun jejaring social facebook, yaitu wujud tuturan yang mempunyai makna yang khas yang diucapkan oleh penjual komputer, servis komputer, pengguna komputer dan pembeli komputer, misalnya mobo, matot, booting, windows, dan lain sebagainya. Adapun klasifikasi bentuk register terbagi menjadi satuan lingual kata berupa kata tunggal, satuan lingual frasa berupa frasa nomina, frasa verba dan frasa ajektiva, serta bentuk tuturan ringkas berupa singkatan dan akronim. 2) Empat fungsi penggunaan register di akun jejaring sosial facebook. a) Penggunaan register berfungsi untuk transaksi jual beli komputer, spare part komputer dan alat-alat lain yang berhubungan dengan komputer. b) Penggunaan register berfungsi untuk menarik minat pengguna bahasa dalam komunikasi. c) Penggunaan register berfungsi untuk komunikasi yang lebih efektif. d) Penggunaan register berfungsi untuk membedakan bahasa satu dengan bahasa lainnya. Kata Kunci: register, komputer, facebook

Longley Building: Reuse and Rehabilitation Feasibility Report

The southern, eastern, and northern façades (the principal façades) have a great amount of decorative masonry including granite, slate coursing, brownstone coursing, and brick veneer (Photo 2). All of these materials are in good condition, except for the brownstone, which is deteriorating in areas that are connected to a wrought iron balustrade. The surface of the brownstone is face-beded, and the corrosion of the iron in contact with the stone has caused oxide jacking. All of the masonry has environmental staining