51,689 research outputs found
Syntax-directed documentation for PL360
PL360 is a phrase-structured programming language which provides the facilities of a symbolic machine language for the IBM 360 computers. An automatic process, syntax-directed documentation, is described which acquires programming documentation through the syntactical analysis of a program, followed by the interrogation of the originating programmer. This documentation can be dispensed through reports of file query replies when other programmers later need to know the program structure and its details. A key principle of the programming documentation process is that it is managed solely on the basis of the syntax of programs
Lexical and Derivational Meaning in Vector-Based Models of Relativisation
Sadrzadeh et al (2013) present a compositional distributional analysis of
relative clauses in English in terms of the Frobenius algebraic structure of
finite dimensional vector spaces. The analysis relies on distinct type
assignments and lexical recipes for subject vs object relativisation. The
situation for Dutch is different: because of the verb final nature of Dutch,
relative clauses are ambiguous between a subject vs object relativisation
reading. Using an extended version of Lambek calculus, we present a
compositional distributional framework that accounts for this derivational
ambiguity, and that allows us to give a single meaning recipe for the relative
pronoun reconciling the Frobenius semantics with the demands of Dutch
derivational syntax.Comment: 10 page version to appear in Proceedings Amsterdam Colloquium,
updated with appendi
Optimising metadata to make high-value content more accessible to Google users
Purpose: This paper shows how information in digital collections that have been catalogued using high-quality metadata can be retrieved more easily by users of search engines such as Google. Methodology/approach: The research and proposals described arose from an investigation into the observed phenomenon that pages from the Glasgow Digital Library (gdl.cdlr.strath.ac.uk) were regularly appearing near the top of Google search results shortly after publication, without any deliberate effort to achieve this. The reasons for this phenomenon are now well understood and are described in the second part of the paper. The first part provides context with a review of the impact of Google and a summary of recent initiatives by commercial publishers to make their content more visible to search engines. Findings/practical implications: The literature research provides firm evidence of a trend amongst publishers to ensure that their online content is indexed by Google, in recognition of its popularity with Internet users. The practical research demonstrates how search engine accessibility can be compatible with use of established collection management principles and high-quality metadata. Originality/value: The concept of data shoogling is introduced, involving some simple techniques for metadata optimisation. Details of its practical application are given, to illustrate how those working in academic, cultural and public-sector organisations could make their digital collections more easily accessible via search engines, without compromising any existing standards and practices
Library Cataloguing and Role and Reference Grammar for Natural Language processing Applications
Several potential application of natural language processing have proven to be intractable. In this paper, we provide and overview of methods from library cataloguing and linguistics that have not yet been adopted by the natural language processing community and which could be used to help solve some of these problems
Reasoning & Querying â State of the Art
Various query languages for Web and Semantic Web data, both for practical use and as an area of research in the scientific community, have emerged in recent years. At the same time, the broad adoption of the internet where keyword search is used in many applications, e.g. search engines, has familiarized casual users with using keyword queries to retrieve information on the internet. Unlike this easy-to-use querying, traditional query languages require knowledge of the language itself as well as of the data to be queried. Keyword-based query languages for XML and RDF bridge the gap between the two, aiming at enabling simple querying of semi-structured data, which is relevant e.g. in the context of the emerging Semantic Web. This article presents an overview of the field of keyword querying for XML and RDF
The NASA Astrophysics Data System: The Search Engine and its User Interface
The ADS Abstract and Article Services provide access to the astronomical
literature through the World Wide Web (WWW). The forms based user interface
provides access to sophisticated searching capabilities that allow our users to
find references in the fields of Astronomy, Physics/Geophysics, and
astronomical Instrumentation and Engineering. The returned information includes
links to other on-line information sources, creating an extensive astronomical
digital library. Other interfaces to the ADS databases provide direct access to
the ADS data to allow developers of other data systems to integrate our data
into their system.
The search engine is a custom-built software system that is specifically
tailored to search astronomical references. It includes an extensive synonym
list that contains discipline specific knowledge about search term
equivalences.
Search request logs show the usage pattern of the various search system
capabilities. Access logs show the world-wide distribution of ADS users.
The ADS can be accessed at http://adswww.harvard.eduComment: 23 pages, 18 figures, 11 table
Type-Based Termination, Inflationary Fixed-Points, and Mixed Inductive-Coinductive Types
Type systems certify program properties in a compositional way. From a bigger
program one can abstract out a part and certify the properties of the resulting
abstract program by just using the type of the part that was abstracted away.
Termination and productivity are non-trivial yet desired program properties,
and several type systems have been put forward that guarantee termination,
compositionally. These type systems are intimately connected to the definition
of least and greatest fixed-points by ordinal iteration. While most type
systems use conventional iteration, we consider inflationary iteration in this
article. We demonstrate how this leads to a more principled type system, with
recursion based on well-founded induction. The type system has a prototypical
implementation, MiniAgda, and we show in particular how it certifies
productivity of corecursive and mixed recursive-corecursive functions.Comment: In Proceedings FICS 2012, arXiv:1202.317
The Role of Indexing in Subject Retrieval
On first reading the list of speakers proposed for this institute, I
became aware of being rather the "odd man out" for two reasons. Firstly, I
was asked to present a paper on PRECIS which is very much a verbal
indexing system-at a conference dominated by contributions on classification
schemes with a natural bias, as the centenary year approaches, toward the
Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Secondly, I feared (quite wrongly, as it
happens) that I might be at variance with one or two of my fellow speakers,
who would possibly like to assure us, in an age when we can no longer ignore
the computer, that traditional library schemes such as DDC and Library of
Congress Classification (LCC) are capable of maintaining their original
function of organizing collections of documents, and at the same time are also
well suited to the retrieval of relevant citations from machine-held files. In
this context, I am reminded of a review of a general collection of essays on
classification schemes which appeared in the Journal of Documentation in
1972. Norman Roberts, reviewing the papers which dealt specifically with the
well established schemes, deduced that "all the writers project their particular
schemes into the future with an optimism that springs, perhaps, as much from
a sense of emotional involvement as from concrete evidence." Since I do not
believe that these general schemes can play any significant part in the retrieval
of items from mechanized files, it appeared that I had been cast in the role of
devil's advocate.published or submitted for publicatio
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