Learning from Semantic Inconsistencies as the Origin of Dynamic Capabilities in MNCs: Evidence from Pharmaceutical MNCs

This paper focuses on origins of dynamic capabilities in multinational corporations (MNCs). Building on literature in the area of organizational memory and organizational learning, we investigate factors that contribute to subsidiaries of MNCs ability to detach themselves from obsolete knowledge and practices. To construct the theoretical framework, 11 extensive interviews with marketing and sales executives from three pharmaceutical MNCs operated in Iran were conducted. We test our hypotheses using statistical quantitative analysis of data related to 459 observations from subsidiaries of 51 pharmaceutical MNCs during years 2005-2009. We examine the quality of corrective actions taken by subsidiaries of pharmaceutical MNCs subsequent to subsidiaries failing to meet expected performance objectives. Our findings confirm a moderating role for internationalization, span, and the composition of human resources on the quality of corrective actions pursued

STRESS AT THE WORK IN ROMANIAN BANKING SISTEM

In a period when the banks are struggling to survive we can realize that stress management becomes a problem. Stress at work can bring real business problems, management and labor productivity can be seriously affected and the level of motivation and conflict between colleagues may weaken professionalism.One of the most important factors in reducing stress levels of employees is helping them maintain a healthy balance-service Life. To effectively manage stress we need to know the causes that led it, which are symptoms of stress, how to effectively manage time at work and which are the ways to reduce stress level. Long-term stress cause psychological, behavioral, physical effects for the employee and also the banks results would suffer.stress, human resources, work, motivation

Advancing Dispute Resolution by Unpacking the Sources of Conflict: Toward an Integrated Framework

Organizational leaders, public policy makers, dispute resolution professionals, and scholars have developed diverse methods for resolving workplace conflict. But there is inadequate recognition that the effectiveness of a dispute resolution method depends on its fit with the source of a particular conflict. Consequently, it is essential to better understand where conflict comes from and how this affects dispute resolution. To these ends, this paper uniquely integrates scholarship from multiple disciplines to develop a multi-dimensional framework on the sources of conflict. This provides an important foundation for theorizing and identifying effective dispute resolution methods, which are more important than ever as the changing world of work raises new issues, conflicts, and institutions

NACCS 32nd Annual Conference

Visión: Articulating, Imagining, and Contextualizing Chicana/o SpacesApril 13-17Hyatt Regencyhttps://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/naccs_programs/1022/thumbnail.jp

Reexamining Homework to Teach Executive Functioning in Elementary Schools

Research shows that homework is not as beneficial for students in elementary school as it is in upper grades. However, in order to be successful in upper grades, students must learn the skills to complete homework. These skills are defined as executive functions and are important skills for students to have moving forward yet these skills are not being taught early enough. The purpose of this research project was to better understand the relationship between homework and executive functioning in elementary schools and see how homework can be better used to teach and enforce executive functioning skills. In this study, parents and teachers were interviewed to discuss their personal philosophy on homework, executive functioning and their experiences with both. Those who did not participate in an interview were invited to answer a short survey asking similar questions in multiple choice form. The data shows that although executive functioning skills are important for a student to be able to successfully complete their homework, there is a disconnect between teachers, parents, and the administration around homework expectations. However, until homework is changed from a district level, homework cannot be used to teach executive functioning skills at an elementary school level

Reexamining the Relationship Between Shift Work and Health Behavior: Do Fluid Intelligence, Socio-economic Status, and Self-control Moderate the Relation?

In contemporary research, the link between shift work and health has received empirical support. Contrary to the well-established association between shift work and adverse health outcomes, literature on the link between shift work and various negative health-related behavior patterns is limited to a rather small number of studies revealing inconsistent results. This is problematic since it is assumed that shift work affects health outcomes via the effect of health behavior. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between shift work and select indicators of health behavior (namely, smoking, alcohol consumption, and preventive health care) as well as subjective health in a large representative German sample. In the light of inconsistent previous findings in the field, we further examined potential moderators (namely, fluid intelligence, socio-economic status, and self-control). Results are based on data from 2,590 participants. We conducted multiple regression analyses as well as mean-differences analyses. Our results suggest that shift work had no direct mean effect on health-related behavior patterns. Moreover, fluid intelligence, socio-economic status, and self-control did not moderate any effects. In accordance with the findings regarding objective health indicators, shift and day workers did not differ in the subjective perception of their health. These findings inform future research and potential interventions that should aim at fostering a healthier lifestyle not only among shift workers

Crowdsourcing innovation: a proposal for a brokering architecture focused in the innovation needs of SMEs

Crowdsourcing is evolving into powerful outsourcing options for organizations by providing access to the intellectual capital within a vast knowledge community. Innovation brokering services have emerged to facilitate crowdsourcing projects by connecting up companies with potential solution providers within the wider ‘crowd’. Most existing innovation brokering services are primarily aimed at larger organizations, however, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) offer considerable potential for crowdsourcing activity since they are typically the innovation and employment engines in society; they are typically more nimble and responsive to the business environment than the larger companies. SMEs have very different challenges and needs to larger organizations since they have fewer resources, a more limited knowledge and skill base, and immature management practices. Consequently, innovation brokering for SMEs require considerably more support than for larger organizations. This paper identifies the crowdsourcing innovation brokerage facilities needed by SMEs, and presents an architecture that encourages knowledge sharing, development of community, support in mixing and matching capabilities, and management of stakeholders’ risks. Innovation brokering is emerging as a novel business model that is challenging concepts of the traditional value chain and organizational boundaries

Crowdsourcing innovation: uma proposta de arquitetura de serviços de mediação focado na inovação necessidades das PME

Crowdsourcing is evolving into powerful outsourcing options for organizations by providing access to the intellectual capital within a vast knowledge community. Innovation brokering services have emerged to facilitate crowdsourcing projects by connecting up companies with potential solution providers within the wider ‘crowd’. Most existing innovation brokering services are primarily aimed at larger organizations, however, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) offer considerable potential for crowdsourcing activity since they are typically the innovation and employment engines in society; they are typically more nimble and responsive to the business environment than the larger companies. SMEs have very different challenges and needs to larger organizations since they have fewer resources, a more limited knowledge and skill base, and immature management practices. Consequently, innovation brokering for SMEs require considerably more support than for larger organizations. This paper identifies the crowdsourcing innovation brokerage facilities needed by SMEs, and presents an architecture that encourages knowledge sharing, development of community, support in mixing and matching capabilities, and management of stakeholders’ risks. Innovation brokering is emerging as a novel business model that is challenging concepts of the traditional value chain and organizational boundaries.O crowdsourcing está a evoluir para opções poderosas de outsourcing para as organizações, fornecendo acesso ao capital intelectual dentro de uma comunidade de vasto conhecimento. Serviços de mediação de inovação surgiram para facilitar projetos de crowdsourcing, ligando-se empresas com fornecedores de soluções potenciais na maior ‘multidão’. Os serviços de mediação de inovação existentes destinam-se principalmente em organizações maiores, no entanto, Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME) oferecem um potencial considerável para a atividade de crowdsourcing, uma vez que são normalmente os motores de inovação e de emprego na sociedade, eles são tipicamente mais rápidos e ágeis para o ambiente de negócios do que as grandes empresas. As PME têm desafios e necessidades muito diferentes das organizações maiores, uma vez que têm menos recursos, um conhecimento mais limitado e base de habilidades e práticas de gestão imaturas. Consequentemente, a intermediação da inovação para as PME necessitam de apoio consideravelmente maior do que para grandes organizações. Este documento identifica as adaptações de serviços de mediação de inovação necessárias por parte das PME, e apresenta uma arquitetura que estimula o compartilhamento do conhecimento, o desenvolvimento da comunidade, combinando recursos e gestão de riscos das partes interessadas. Intermediação de Inovação está a emergir como um modelo de negócio inovador que está desafiando os conceitos da cadeia de valor tradicional e fronteiras organizacionais

The Faculty Notebook, December 1998

The Faculty Notebook is published periodically by the Office of the Provost at Gettysburg College to bring to the attention of the campus community accomplishments and activities of academic interest. Faculty are encouraged to submit materials for consideration for publication to the Associate Provost for Faculty Development. Copies of this publication are available at the Office of the Provost

Reexamining the “brain drain” effect: A replication of Ward et al. (2017)

The present study was a pre-registered direct replication of Ward et al.\u27s (2017) second experiment (OSF pre-registration found at: https://osf.io/5fq4r). This replication assigned both smartphone location (on desk, in pocket/bag, or outside of the testing room) and smartphone power (on, or off) for a total of six conditions. Participants completed an automated operation span (OSpan) task, a Cue-Dependent Go/No-Go task, and the smartphone attachment and dependency inventory. It was hypothesized that performance on an attention-demanding task (i.e., the OSpan task) would be worse for those in closer proximity to their smartphone (on desk) and that those with greater smartphone attachment and dependency would have a larger “brain drain” effect. Using the same tasks and conditions as in Ward et al.\u27s (2017) second experiment, the present study found that the “brain drain” effect did not replicate: there was no difference between smartphone location conditions on performance on either the o-span task or the go/no-go task. These findings demonstrate that the mere presence of one\u27s smartphone may not be enough to affect cognitive performance. Understanding these effects is crucial in a time where smartphones are a basic necessity