Identification of nonlinear lateral flow immunoassay state-space models via particle filter approach

This is the post-print of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2012 IEEEIn this paper, the particle filtering approach is used, together with the kernel smoothing method, to identify the state-space model for the lateral flow immunoassay through available but short time-series measurement. The lateral flow immunoassay model is viewed as a nonlinear dynamic stochastic model consisting of the equations for the biochemical reaction system as well as the measurement output. The renowned extended Kalman filter is chosen as the importance density of the particle filter for the purpose of modeling the nonlinear lateral flow immunoassay. By using the developed particle filter, both the states and parameters of the nonlinear state-space model can be identified simultaneously. The identified model is of fundamental significance for the development of lateral flow immunoassay quantification. It is shown that the proposed particle filtering approach works well for modeling the lateral flow immunoassay.This work was supported in part by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China under Grant 2009DFA32050, Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61104041, International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Fujian Province of China under Grant 2009I0016

Speech Enhancement Strategy for Speech Recognition Microcontroller under Noisy Environments

Industrial automation with speech control functions is generally installed with a speech recognition sensor which is used as an interface for users to articulate speech commands. However, recognition errors are likely to be produced when background noise surrounds the command spoken into the speech recognition microcontrollers. In this paper, a speech enhancement strategy is proposed to develop noise suppression filters in order to improve the accuracy of speech recognition microcontrollers. It uses a universal estimator, namely a neural network, to enhance the recognition accuracy of microcontrollers by integrating better signals processed by various noise suppression filters, where a global optimization algorithm, namely an intelligent particle swarm optimization, is used to optimize the inbuilt parameters of the neural network in order to maximize accuracy of speech recognition microcontrollers working within noisy environments. The proposed approach overcomes the limitations of the existing noise suppression filters intended to improve recognition accuracy. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated by a speech recognition microcontroller, which is used in electronic products with speech control functions. Results show that the accuracy of the speech recognition microcontroller can be improved using the proposed approach, when working under low signal to noise ratio conditions in the industrial environments of automobile engines and factory machines