TMS320C6713DSP IMPLEMENTATION OF PULSE SHAPING FILTER

One of the most challenging issues facing deployment of 3G technology is how to make the network architectures compatible with each other. New signaling techniques are being designed specially to enhance today’s networks, deliver unprecedented functionality for 3G, and successfully derive the future generation of wireless systems, thus delivering immediate and long term benefits to subscribers. With the architecture of each generation of wireless devices addressed in the development of advance technologies, subscribers can easily evolve their systems without additional network modification, significantly reducing cost and implementing time. The next generation systems based on the DS-CDMA, FDMA/TDMA and GSM concepts are projected to provide transmitting high speed data, video and multimedia traffic for both indoor and outdoor systems, new technologies like Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), already in service, are providing users with high data rate services options like they have never experienced previously. The present paper deals with DSP Implementation of pulse shaping filter for wireless communication

Dsp Implementation of channel estimation algorithms for OFDM systems

The channel estimation based on the block - type, comb-type and lattice-type structure is studied. The Block type pilot structure is performed on every block of OFDM symbols and the Comb type pilot arrangement is performed on every OFDM symbol. Which are inserted particular data intervals. Comb-type and block type spectrums are verified and the bit error rate is compared. The objective of this thesis is to implementation channel estimation algorithm OFDM system implementation of the C6713 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) of Texas Instruments (TI). First, the basic channel LS and MMSE channel estimation techniques implemented and LMS, NLMS and RLS were implemented and tested using Simulink Next this model is an implementation on DSP C6713. Finally a comparison of the implemented estimator and compared BER values and mean square error estimated in LMS NLMS and RLS algorithms performed

Real time implementation of DES algorithm by using tms3206713 DSK

The data encryption standard (DES) is an algorithm that was formerly considered to be the most popular method for private key encryption. DES is still appropriate for moderately secured communication. In this project I have implemented DES algorithm for voice data encryption by using the Texas Instruments TMS320C6713 dsp processor. TMS320C6713 is a 32-bit floating point dsp processor which is one of the Texas TMS320C6x family. Digital signal processors such as the TMS320C6x(C6x)family of processors are like fast special-purpose microprocessors with a specialized type of architecture and an instruction set appropriate for signal processing. The architecture of the C6x digital signal processor is very well suited for numerically intensive calculations. Based on a very-long-instruction-word (VLIW) architecture, the C6x is considered to be TI’s most powerful processor

A FPGA/DSP design for real-time fracture detection using low transient pulse

This work presents the hardware and software architecture for the detection of fractures and edges in materials. While the detection method is based on the novel concept of Low Transient Pulse (LTP), the overall system implementation is based on two digital microelectronics technologies widely used for signal processing: Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Under the proposed architecture, the DSP carries out the analysis of the received baseband signal at a lower rate and hence can be used for large number of signal channels. The FPGA\u27s master clock runs at a higher frequency (62.5MHz) for the generation of LTP signal and to demodulate the passband ultrasonic signals sampled at 1MHz which interrupts the DSP at every 1 [Is. This research elaborates on designing a Quadrature Amplitude Modulator - demodulator (QAM) on the FPGA for the received signal from the ultrasound and edge detection on the DSP processor to detect the presence of edges/fractures on a test Sawbone plate. In this work, the LTP technology is applied to determine the location of the Sawbone plate edges based on the reflected signals to the receivers. This signal is then passed through a QAM to get the maxima (peaks) at the received signal to study the parameters in the DSP. This work successfully demonstrates the feasibility of modular programming approach across the two platforms. The dual time scale platform readily accommodates higher temporal resolution needed for the generation of Low Transient Pulses and the processing of real time baseband signals on the DSP for various test conditions

Implementation of a Single IFFT Block based Partial Transmit Sequence Technique for PAPR Reduction in OFDM

The current trends in wireless industry like IEEE 802.11a/g/n, IEEE 802.16e are based on OFDM which is highly promising in terms of higher data rates & better immunity to frequency selective fading. However OFDM is limited by high PAPR. High PAPR causes nonlinear distortion in the signal & hence results in intercarrier interference & out-of-band radiation. To combat the effect of high PAPR several PAPR reduction techniques have been devised. All these techniques have to strike a tradeoff among computational complexity, PAPR reduction performance, BER performance & redundancy. PTS technique provides a very effective PAPR reduction with no limit on the maximum number of subcarriers. But the technique suffers from very high computational complexity. Hence authors have tried to modify the technique so that the complexity is reduced significantly without affecting PAPR reduction performance. This dissertation is extensively based on PTS & in this course limns a novel approach which offers better PAPR reduction & significantly reduces the algorithmic complexity with respect to the original technique. The multiple numbers of IFFT blocks has been replaced by a single block; the parallel processing has been replaced by serial processing. The complexities & PAPR reduction performance of the modified & the original techniques have been compared.Furthermore the proposed technique has been emulated in a memory & power constrained environment on C6713DSK with TMS320C6713 processor using real signal input. The emulation results have been analyzed & it has been observed that the emulated PAPR values are at par with simulated ones. To check the SER performance of the technique, the receiver has been simulated as well. The transceiver channel model has been simulated & the SER performance of OFDM system with Single IFFT block PTS has been compared with that of OFDM without any reduction technique. The results show that the PAPR reduction technique does not affect the SER performance

Power System Dynamics Enhancement Through Phase Unbalanced and Adaptive Control Schemes in Series FACTS devices

This thesis presents novel series compensation schemes and adaptive control techniques to enhance power system dynamics through damping Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) and low-frequency power oscillations: local and inter-area oscillations. Series capacitive compensation of transmission lines is used to improve power transfer capability of the transmission line and is economical compared to the addition of new lines. However, one of the impeding factors for the increased utilization of series capacitive compensation is the potential risk of SSR, where electrical energy is exchanged with turbine-generator shaft systems in a growing manner which can result in shaft damage. Furthermore, the fixed capacitor does not provide controllable reactance and does not aid in the low-frequency oscillations damping. The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers have the flexibility of controlling both real and reactive power which could provide an excellent capability for improving power system dynamics. Several studies have investigated the potential of using this capability in mitigating the low-frequency (electromechanical) as well as the subsynchronous resonance (SSR) oscillations. However, the practical implementations of FACTS devices are very limited due to their high cost. To address this issue, this thesis proposes a new series capacitive compensation concept capable of enhancing power system dynamics. The idea behind the concept is a series capacitive compensation which provides balanced compensation at the power frequency while it provides phase unbalance at other frequencies of oscillations. The compensation scheme is a combination of a single-phase Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) or Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and a fixed series capacitors in series in one phase of the compensated transmission line and fixed capacitors on the other two phases. The proposed scheme is economical compared to a full three-phase FACTS counterpart and improves reliability of the device by reducing number of switching components. The phase unbalance during transients reduces the coupling strength between the mechanical and the electrical system at asynchronous oscillations, thus suppressing the build-up of torsional stresses on the generator shaft systems. The SSR oscillations damping capability of the schemes is validated through detailed time-domain electromagnetic transient simulation studies on the IEEE first and second benchmark models. Furthermore, as the proposed schemes provide controllable reactance through TCSC or SSSC, the supplementary controllers can be implemented to damp low-frequency power oscillations as well. The low-frequency damping capability of the schemes is validated through detail time-domain electromagnetic transient simulation studies on two machines systems connected to a very large system and a three-area, six-machine power system. The simulation studies are carried out using commercially available electromagnetic transient simulation tools (EMTP-RV and PSCAD/EMTDC). An adaptive controller consisting of a robust on-line identifier, namely a robust Recursive Least Square (RLS), and a Pole-Shift (PS) controller is also proposed to provide optimal damping over a wide range of power system operations. The proposed identifier penalizes large estimated errors and smooth-out the change in parameters during large power system disturbances. The PS control is ideal for its robustness and stability conditions. The combination results in a computationally efficient estimator and a controller suitable for optimal control over wider range of operations of a non-linear system such as power system. The most important aspect of the controller is that it can be designed with an approximate linearized model of the complete power system, and does not need to be re-tuned after it is commissioned. The damping capability of such controller is demonstrated through detail studies on a three-area test system and on an IEEE 12-bus test system. Finally, the adaptive control algorithm is developed on a Digital Signal Processing Board, and the performance is experimentally tested using hardware-in-the-loop studies. For this purpose, a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) is used, which is capable of simulating power system in real-time at 50 µs simulation time step. The RTDS facilitates the performance evaluation of a controller just like testing on a real power system. The experimental results match closely with the simulation results; which demonstrated the practical applicability of the adaptive controller in power systems. The proposed controller is computationally efficient and simple to implement in DSP hardware

Aplicación de Técnicas de Sincronismo para Sistemas de Medida Distribuidos y Desarrollo de un Medidor Fasorial basado en el protocolo IEEE1588

En la actualidad se debate a nivel científico la necesidad de una evolución conceptual y tecnológica de la red eléctrica. En este nuevo marco de trabajo se define el concepto de red inteligente “Smart Grid”. Esencialmente se plantea una red activa, dotada de inteligencia, con autonomía que tenga la capacidad de reconfiguración según las necesidades locales y que mejore los tiempos de restablecimiento del suministro incrementando la eficiencia energética en general. Por tanto, la principal motivación que me ha conducido a la elección de este tema, ha sido la creciente preocupación mundial por favorecer la evolución de estos sistemas hacia una gestión energética inteligente. Esta motivación ha propiciado la aparición de nuevos líneas de investigación que facilitan a la comunidad científica el desarrollo de sistemas experimentales para que intervengan en la generación, el transporte y la distribución de la energía de forma eficiente, garantizando el suministro con la intervención de sistemas más inteligente que trabajen de forma coordinada. Uno de los aspectos técnicos más importantes para conseguir este objetivo es mantener una sincronización de forma permanente entre todos los dispositivos. La creciente integración de protocolos para la comunicación basados en Ethernet y que han sido desarrollados para todo tipo de aplicaciones industriales ha conducido a la aparición de un protocolo con capacidad de sincronización precisa y sin la necesidad de integrar un GPS en cada uno de los puntos de supervisión y control. El análisis del Protocolo PTP “Precisión Time Protocol” ha sido el principal objetivo de mis trabajos de investigación. La adaptación del protocolo para su uso alternativo y el desarrollo de procedimientos experimentales para verificar si cumple con las expectativas. Mis trabajos están orientados hacia una línea de investigación que permita integrar este protocolo en todo tipo de sistemas diseñados para la monitorización, control y protección de las redes eléctricas. Esta alternativa con IEEE 1588 ha adquirido protagonismo porque puede mantener una única fuente de sincronismo de alta calidad con GPS para un gran número de sistemas encargados de monitorizar y gestionar la red de suministro Uno de los sistemas más avanzados es la Unidad de Medida Fasorial (PMU)”Phasor Measurement Unit” o sincrofasor. Estos medidores permiten determinar la estabilidad de la red eléctrica en una zona geográfica muy amplia con una exactitud del orden de un microsegundo. Por tanto, la sincronización de estos sistemas es clave para la vigilancia, protección, control y estimación de estado en sistemas de potencia. El segundo gran objetivo ha sido el diseño de una PMU experimental alternativa con sincronismo PTP. Por tanto, los objetivos de la tesis se concretan en el estudio de los procedimientos de sincronización y medida incluidos en la norma de Sincrofasores, en el estudio del protocolo PTP para la sincronización de sistemas de medida y control distribuidos, en la selección de varios dispositivos comerciales compatibles con el protocolo PTP y en el desarrollo varios procedimientos experimentales para medir la exactitud y estabilidad alcanzada por cada uno de los dispositivos trabajando como esclavos PTP. Puesto que este procedimiento de medida necesita un patrón de referencia para la validación de los resultados utilizo un Instrumental especializado. Finalmente los estudios de las dos normas y los análisis de estabilidad me han permitido evaluar la integración del protocolo en un sistema embebido. Los ensayos finales me han permitido evaluar la viabilidad del sistema propuesto.Smart Grids represents an opportunity to fundamentally improve the energy industry through optimization, reliability and efficiency. With the implementation of advanced technologies such as smart metering, distribution automation and smart appliances, the consumer monitors and controls energy usage. Keys to the smooth operation of the Smart Grid are performance and accuracy. Reliable synchronization techniques are essential in ensuring performance and accuracy criteria are met and maintained. Smart Grid encompasses a myriad of complex devices, which are required to seamlessly work with one another. Synchronized Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are a key element of monitoring, protection, control and state estimation applications in power systems. PMUs deliver precisely time synchronized (IEEE 1588-2008) values of voltage and current phasors and other power system related quantities like frequency, breaker positions etc. to a central data processing system, known as a Phase Data Concentrator (PDC). Each PDC collects the phasor measurement results of a certain area. Finally, the data of the entire power network are made available to a central management system PDC. Due to the microsecond accuracy and the high sampling rates 10 to 50 per second of the measurements, the system is able to capture and represent the dynamic behavior of the power network. This demand has given rise to new lines of research to find alternatives to distributed synchronization maintaining the level of equipment quality but lower cost. The alternative with IEEE 1588 has gained prominence. We maintain a single source of high quality sync GPS for a large number of systems managers to monitor and manage the grid. The number of computers and the quality of each of the quartz oscillators for maintaining the local synchronism is not a problem. The PTP protocol allows continuously synchronizes local clocks and prevent loss of stability in the medium to long term. In this line, several researchers have been devoted to the study of Synchronized Measurement Techniques (TMS) specially oriented distributed applications [1-3] in the field of electrical networks. Synchronized phasor measurements are addressed in the following international standards: IEEE C37.118 and IEC 61850. These standards state; phasor angles must be measured relative to UTC with an accuracy of ± 26 μs. The work done in this thesis are directed to the study protocol (PTP) "Precision Time Protocol" and its possible integration in the systems responsible for energy management. In developing this thesis I had to work with two versions of the standard, that of 2002 (IEEE 1588 v1) and defined in the 2008 (IEEE 1588 v2). In particular most of the trials included in the thesis let me check if feasibility of their integration into the PMUs. The IEEE standard C37.118-2005 clearly specifies the maximum allowable error phase measurements. In the thesis I have followed carefully the specifications and the findings are related to the results obtained in reference to the standard