The strengthening of Islamic values on students through the metaphor of accepting death: an Indonesian perception

Death is a sure entity for every human that cannot be avoided in human life. The purpose of this research was to reveal that the usage of metaphor technique called, “The Acceptance of Death” in group counselling can improve Islamic values on Muslim students. This study employed an action research using The Kemmis Model with the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research implemented group counselling with metaphor technique of accepting death by students. The research subjects were 20 female students of State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau who lived in the campus dormitory. The selection of the research subjects was done randomly by choosing the female students who were willing to join the group counselling activity. The research results showed that the practice of metaphor technique of “The Acceptance of Death” in the group counselling can strengthen the Islamic values and their characteristics as Muslims. They understand their previous mistakes and are willing to be better for the sake of their life. They have the commitment to become the best students and the best Muslims

Development Of Steer-By-Wire (SBW) Controller System For Steering Respone

This research focuses on the development of Steer-By-Wire (SBW) controller system for steering response. The steering system is an essential part of the interface between the driver and the vehicle that provides the possibility of lateral guidance. SBW system is means as removing the mechanical linkages and hydraulic part with electronic system. The development of vehicle model consists of ride, tire and handling models used in this study. The vehicle model is then validated with CarSimEd. The relation between the rack and pinion is identified for the steering ratio on SBW model. The steering system is modeled combine with actuator model in MATLAB Simulink. There are several types of controller are used on SBW system to find the similar response with the conventional steering. The selected controller will be applied on SBW system to control the actuator in simulation and experimental. The simulation result is validated with Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (HiLS) in real time situation using xPC Target application in MATLAB Simulink to control SBW system in experiment. The target outcome of this study for SBW steering system is to get a responsiveness similarity to conventional steering system with selected controller by comparing both steering system. The study shows that such similarity was achieved. The study of SBW system response is beneficial in the SBW system with the proposed controller can be implemented on real vehicles

Performance Comparison between Sliding Mode Control with PID Sliding Surface and PID Controller for an Electro-hydraulic Positioning System

In this paper, the position tracking performance of an electro-hydraulic hydraulic servo (EHS) system using sliding mode control (SMC) with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) sliding surface is presented. The dynamics of the EHS system in modelling process are developed by consider its nonlinearities incorporating a friction model. Then, SMC with PID scheme is derived from the developed dynamics equation and stability of the control system is theoretically proven by Lyapunov theorem. Finally, simulation work is demonstrated and the result shows the proposed controller can achieve better tracking performance compared with conventional PID controller with good accuracy for any desired trajectory

Modified Predictive Control for a Class of Electro-Hydraulic Actuator

Many model predictive control (MPC) algorithms have been proposed in the literature depending on the conditionality of the system matrix and the tuning control parameters. A modified predictive control method is proposed in this paper. The modified predictive method is based on the control matrix formulation combined with optimized move suppression coefficient. Poor dynamics and high nonlinearities are parts of the difficulties in the control of the Electro-Hydraulic Actuator (EHA) functions, which make the proposed matrix an attractive solution. The developed controller is designed based on simulation model of a position control EHA to reduce the overshoot of the system and to achieve better and smoother tracking. The performance of the designed controller achieved quick response and accurate behavior of the tracking compared to the previous study

Modeling and control of a modular iron bird

This paper describes the control architecture and the control laws of a new concept of Modular Iron Bird aimed at reproducing flight loads to test mobile aerodynamic control surface actuators for small and medium size aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. The iron bird control system must guarantee the actuation of counteracting forces. On one side, a hydraulic actuator simulates the hinge moments acting on the mobile surface due to aerodynamic and inertial effects during flight; on the other side, the actuator to be tested applies an active hinge moment to control the angular position of the same surface. Reference aerodynamic and inertial loads are generated by a flight simulation module to reproduce more realistic conditions arising during operations. The design of the control action is based on a dynamic model of the hydraulic plant used to generate loads. This system is controlled using a Proportional Integral Derivative control algorithm tuned with an optimization algorithm taking into account the closed loop dynamics of the actuator under testing, uncertainties and disturbances in the controlled plant. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and control laws

Mathematical Modeling and Fuzzy Adaptive PID Control of Erection Mechanism

This paper describes an application of fuzzy adaptive PID controller to erection mechanism. Mathematical model of erection mechanism was derived. Erection mechanism is driven by electro-hydraulic actuator system which is difficult to control due to its nonlinearity and complexity. Therefore fuzzy adaptive PID controller was applied to control the system. Simulation was performed in Simulink software and experiment was accomplished on laboratory equipment. Simulation and experiment results of erection angle controlled by fuzzy logic, PID and fuzzy adaptive PID controllers were respectively obtained. The results show that fuzzy adaptive PID controller can effectively achieve the best performance for erection mechanism in comparison with fuzzy logic and PID controllers

The evaluation of shear deformation for contact analysis with large displacement

A common problem encountered in the study of contact problem is the failure to obtain stable and accurate convergence result when the contact node is close to the element edge, which is referred as "critical area". In previous studies, the modification of the element force equation to apply it to a node-element contact problem using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory [1]. A simple single-element consists two edges and a contact point was used to simulate contact phenomenon of a plane frame. The modification was proven to be effective by the convergeability of the unbalanced force at the tip of element edge, which enabled the contact node to "pass-through", resulting in precise results. However, in another recent study, we discover that, if shear deformation based on Timoshenko beam theory is taken into consideration, a basic simply supported beam coordinate afforded a much simpler and more efficient technique for avoiding the divergence of the unbalanced force in the "critical area". Using our unique and robust Tangent Stiffness Method, the improved equation can be used to overcome any geometrically nonlinear analyses, including those involving extremely large displacements