Termelési struktúrák, mint komplex, adaptív rendszerek = Production structures as Complex Adaptive Systems

A kutatás során fontos lépéseket tettünk a dinamikus, rugalmas termelési struktúrák modellezésének, tervezésének, irányításának és menedzsmentjének elméleti megalapozása terén. Figyelembe vettük a termelési hierarchia különböző szintjeit, a műhelyektől a vállalatokon át a termelési hálózatokig, szinergiákra törekedve az optimálás, az autonómia és a kooperáció tekintetében. Az OTKA-támogatás feltüntetésével 47 publikáció született, melyek közül 17 folyóiratcikk (köztük 13 impaktos, 19,546-os összimpakttal), 1 könyvfejezet és 29 konferenciacikk. Megkezdődött az eredmények ipari bevezetése (GE, Hitachi, Audi, GAMESA, Bosch, Knorr Bremse, Bosch-Rexroth, stb.)) az MTA SZTAKI keretében működő Fraunhofer Termelésirányítás és –informatika Projektközpont (http://www.fraunhofer.hu) keretében. | Significant steps were made towards the theoretical foundation of modelling, planning, control and management of dynamic, flexible production structures. Levels from shop floors through enterprises to the production networks were considered, and a synergy between the aspects of optimization, autonomy, and cooperation was aimed at. With indications to the OTKA support, as a whole, 47 papers have been published, i.e., 17 journal papers (among them 13 in journals with impact factors, with a cumulative impact factor of 19,546), 1 book chapter and 29 conference papers. The industrial deployment of the results was partly started in GE, Hitachi, Audi, GAMESA, Bosch, Knorr Bremse, Bosch-Rexroth, etc., mainly in the framework of the SZTAKI-Fraunhofer Production Management and –Informatics Project Center (http://www.fraunhofer.hu)

Elosztott, moduláris termelési struktúrák modellezése, tervezése és irányítása = Modelling, planning and control of distributed, modular production structures

Az Elosztott, moduláris termelési struktúrák modellezése, tervezése és irányítása című OTKA-projekt résztvevői új eredményeket értek el az ágens-alapú gyártás, a valósidejű kooperatív vállalatok, a termelésütemezés és újraütemezés, a sztochasztikus, dinamikus termelésirányítás, a gyártás-szimuláció és termékkövetés terén. Az eredményeket 45 publikációban ismertették, melyek összesített impakt faktora 9.429. A publikációkon kívül három PhD értekezés született, melyek közül kettő még elbírálás alatt áll. A kutatást az MTA elnöke 2006-ban külön keretből is támogatta, és tágabb témakörében a résztvevők több EU-projektet is elnyertek. Az alapkutatási eredmények felhasználása elsősorban a kapcsolódó Valósidejű, kooperatív vállalatok (VITAL) NKFP-projektben történt. A projekt során a GE Nagykanizsai fényforrásgyárában ipari bevezetésre került a több mint 100 gyártósor ütemezését végző rendszer; az ún. MES/Cockpit rendszer, mely a gyártási folyamatból valósidőben érkező adatok alapján támogatja a döntéshozót a zavarok azonosításában és elhárításában; valamint az ún. Logisztikai Platform (LP), mely - a felek autonómiáját megtartva - a beszállítói hálózatok működését segíti. | The participants of the Modelling, planning and control of distributed, modular production structures OTKA-project achieved new results in the fields of agent-based manufacturing; real-time cooperative enterprises; production scheduling and rescheduling; stochastic, dynamic production control; production simulation and product tracking and tracing. The results have been published in 45 publications with a cumulative impact factor of 9.429. Beyond the publications, the participants wrote 3 PhD dissertations, two of them are under review now. The research was supported also by the dedicated budget of the President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 2007, and the participants won several EU research projects in the broader field of the subject. The results of the basic research activities were primarily applied in the Real-time, cooperative enterprises (VITAL) project of the National Research and Development Programme (NKFP). In the Lighting factory Nagykanizsa of GE, the following main systems have been introduced: the daily scheduling system for more than 100 production lines; the MES/Cockpit system, on the base of real-time production data, supports the decision makers in analysing the deviations and bringing appropriate measures; the Logistic Platform (LP) which ? while keeping the autonomy of the participant enterprises ? supports the supply chain management

Supply chain control: Trade-offs and system requirements

The official published version can be accessed from the link below.A paper describes the underlying forces which drive change in manufacturing enterprises and supply chains. It sets out the complexities in modern capitalism and global economics and illustrates the trade-offs that can be made. IT systems which are required to assist improvements to both customer service and enterprise manufacturing performance are explained, alluding to the special case for the semiconductor industry. Arguments are presented showing how the new tools being developed with the ESPRIT project 20544, X-CITTIC, will satisfy the control needs for a virtual enterprise. This paper describes the underlying forces which drive change in manufacturing enterprises and supply chains. It sets out the complexities in modem capitalism and global economics and illustrates the trade-offs that can be made. IT systems which are required to assist improvements to both customer service and enterprise manufacturing performance are explained alluding to the special case for the semiconductor industry. Finally it shows how the new tools being developed with the ESPRIT project 20544, XCITTIC, will satisfy the control needs for a virtual enterprise

Co-operation as a response to a turbulent environment

The objective of this study was to find out 'how SMEs perceive and respond to a turbulent environment'. We define a turbulent environment as an environment in which customer needs are rapidly changing. Based on this interpretation, we are interested in to what extent SMEs perceive these changes in customer needs and how they respond to these changes - particularly focussing on strategy and cooperation. The main conclusion of our research is that SMEs co-operate mainly to reduce costs or improve the competitive position, not to meet customer needs more adequately. SMEs do not realise the advantages of seeking cooperation in order to share means and expertise in delivering a custom or tailor-made product or service to their customer. With respect to their suppliers, SMEs often lack countervailing power, which is an obstacle for co-operation. SMEs in the retail sectors are unable to convince their suppliers of the need to respond to changes quickly. Regarding co-operation with the clients, one might question whether existing customisation strategies are really demand-driven. This research does not support the impression that SMEs really know their customers' wishes and needs. On the contrary, some businesses intentionally do not adjust their products to changing customer needs.

Integrating personal learning and working environments

This review paper part of a series of papers commissioned by the Institute for Employment Research at the University of Warwick under the title of 'Beyond Current Horizons – Working and Employment Challenge'. In turn, in forms part of a larger programme of work under the banner of Beyond Current Horizons that is being managed by FutureLab on behalf of the UK Department for Schools, Children and Families. The brief was to cover: - The main trends and issues in the area concerned; - Any possible discontinuities looking forward to 2025 and beyond; - Uncertainties and any big tensions; - Conclusions on what the key issues will be in the future and initial reflections on any general implications for education. Given the wide ranging nature of the brief, this paper largely confines itself to trends and issues in the UK, although where appropriate examples from other countries in Europe are introduced. We realise that in an age of growing globalisation the future of work and learning in the UK cannot be separated from developments elsewhere and that developments in other parts of the world may present a different momentum and trajectory from that in the UK. Thus, when reading this report, please bear in mind the limitations in our approach

Past, present and future of information and knowledge sharing in the construction industry: Towards semantic service-based e-construction

The paper reviews product data technology initiatives in the construction sector and provides a synthesis of related ICT industry needs. A comparison between (a) the data centric characteristics of Product Data Technology (PDT) and (b) ontology with a focus on semantics, is given, highlighting the pros and cons of each approach. The paper advocates the migration from data-centric application integration to ontology-based business process support, and proposes inter-enterprise collaboration architectures and frameworks based on semantic services, underpinned by ontology-based knowledge structures. The paper discusses the main reasons behind the low industry take up of product data technology, and proposes a preliminary roadmap for the wide industry diffusion of the proposed approach. In this respect, the paper stresses the value of adopting alliance-based modes of operation

The relevance of outsourcing and leagile strategies in performance optimization of an integrated process planning and scheduling

Over the past few years growing global competition has forced the manufacturing industries to upgrade their old production strategies with the modern day approaches. As a result, recent interest has been developed towards finding an appropriate policy that could enable them to compete with others, and facilitate them to emerge as a market winner. Keeping in mind the abovementioned facts, in this paper the authors have proposed an integrated process planning and scheduling model inheriting the salient features of outsourcing, and leagile principles to compete in the existing market scenario. The paper also proposes a model based on leagile principles, where the integrated planning management has been practiced. In the present work a scheduling problem has been considered and overall minimization of makespan has been aimed. The paper shows the relevance of both the strategies in performance enhancement of the industries, in terms of their reduced makespan. The authors have also proposed a new hybrid Enhanced Swift Converging Simulated Annealing (ESCSA) algorithm, to solve the complex real-time scheduling problems. The proposed algorithm inherits the prominent features of the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), and the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The ESCSA algorithm reduces the makespan significantly in less computational time and number of iterations. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm has been shown by comparing the results with GA, SA, Tabu, and hybrid Tabu-SA optimization methods

The Digitalisation of African Agriculture Report 2018-2019

An inclusive, digitally-enabled agricultural transformation could help achieve meaningful livelihood improvements for Africa’s smallholder farmers and pastoralists. It could drive greater engagement in agriculture from women and youth and create employment opportunities along the value chain. At CTA we staked a claim on this power of digitalisation to more systematically transform agriculture early on. Digitalisation, focusing on not individual ICTs but the application of these technologies to entire value chains, is a theme that cuts across all of our work. In youth entrepreneurship, we are fostering a new breed of young ICT ‘agripreneurs’. In climate-smart agriculture multiple projects provide information that can help towards building resilience for smallholder farmers. And in women empowerment we are supporting digital platforms to drive greater inclusion for women entrepreneurs in agricultural value chains

New technologies for customizing products for people with special necessities: project FASHION-ABLE

[EN] Mass-customization of wearable products are offered as a higher added value to the broad public and have to compete with ready-to-wear offer. However, people with specific requirements are not covered by the current mass-customised products. This is the case of the elderly, disabled, diabetic and obese population groups when wearing textiles, clothing, footwear and textile-based orthotic goods. Further, at present, available knowledge and flexibility of production equipment and machinery of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in these traditional industries (even those that already offer made-to-measure products to the mass public) is unable to respond to the individual needs among such heterogeneous groups. The FASHION-ABLE project has solved this problem with a comprehensive set of solutions.This work was supported by the European Commission [project number FP7.FoF.NMP.2011-4 Project 284 871] under FASHION-ABLE project (http://www.fashionable-project.eu/) Area: 'High tech solutions in production [...] for [...] healthy consumer goods'.Durá-Gil, JV.; Ballester Fernández, A.; Cavallaro, M.; Chiodi, A.; Ballarino, A.; Brondi, C.; Von Arnim, V.... (2016). New technologies for customizing products for people with special necessities: project FASHION-ABLE. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing. 30(7):724-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951192X.2016.1145803S72473730

Small business, big markets, one world

Dit rapport is een introductiepaper van het International Small Business Congress 2002, dat gehouden zal worden in Amsterdam van 27 tot en met 30 oktober 2002. Aangezien de euro op 1 januari 2002 geïntroduceerd wordt, zal speciale aandacht worden besteed aan de economische integratie in Europa en de gevolgen daarvan voor het kleinbedrijf.