430 research outputs found

    20th SC@RUG 2023 proceedings 2022-2023

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    Labeled Subgraph Entropy Kernel

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    In recent years, kernel methods are widespread in tasks of similarity measuring. Specifically, graph kernels are widely used in fields of bioinformatics, chemistry and financial data analysis. However, existing methods, especially entropy based graph kernels are subject to large computational complexity and the negligence of node-level information. In this paper, we propose a novel labeled subgraph entropy graph kernel, which performs well in structural similarity assessment. We design a dynamic programming subgraph enumeration algorithm, which effectively reduces the time complexity. Specially, we propose labeled subgraph, which enriches substructure topology with semantic information. Analogizing the cluster expansion process of gas cluster in statistical mechanics, we re-derive the partition function and calculate the global graph entropy to characterize the network. In order to test our method, we apply several real-world datasets and assess the effects in different tasks. To capture more experiment details, we quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the contribution of different topology structures. Experimental results successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of our method which outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.Comment: 9 pages,5 figure

    20th SC@RUG 2023 proceedings 2022-2023

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    Optimising multimodal fusion for biometric identification systems

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    Biometric systems are automatic means for imitating the human brain’s ability of identifying and verifying other humans by their behavioural and physiological characteristics. A system, which uses more than one biometric modality at the same time, is known as a multimodal system. Multimodal biometric systems consolidate the evidence presented by multiple biometric sources and typically provide better recognition performance compared to systems based on a single biometric modality. This thesis addresses some issues related to the implementation of multimodal biometric identity verification systems. The thesis assesses the feasibility of using commercial offthe-shelf products to construct deployable multimodal biometric system. It also identifies multimodal biometric fusion as a challenging optimisation problem when one considers the presence of several configurations and settings, in particular the verification thresholds adopted by each biometric device and the decision fusion algorithm implemented for a particular configuration. The thesis proposes a novel approach for the optimisation of multimodal biometric systems based on the use of genetic algorithms for solving some of the problems associated with the different settings. The proposed optimisation method also addresses some of the problems associated with score normalization. In addition, the thesis presents an analysis of the performance of different fusion rules when characterising the system users as sheep, goats, lambs and wolves. The results presented indicate that the proposed optimisation method can be used to solve the problems associated with threshold settings. This clearly demonstrates a valuable potential strategy that can be used to set a priori thresholds of the different biometric devices before using them. The proposed optimisation architecture addressed the problem of score normalisation, which makes it an effective “plug-and-play” design philosophy to system implementation. The results also indicate that the optimisation approach can be used for effectively determining the weight settings, which is used in many applications for varying the relative importance of the different performance parameters

    LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 261, ICALP 2023, Complete Volum

    Adaptive Collective Responses to Local Stimuli in Anonymous Dynamic Networks

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    We develop a framework for self-induced phase changes in programmable matter in which a collection of agents with limited computational and communication capabilities can collectively perform appropriate global tasks in response to local stimuli that dynamically appear and disappear. Agents reside on graph vertices, where each stimulus is only recognized locally, and agents communicate via token passing along edges to alert other agents to transition to an Aware state when stimuli are present and an Unaware state when the stimuli disappear. We present an Adaptive Stimuli Algorithm that is robust to competing waves of messages as multiple stimuli change, possibly adversarially. Moreover, in addition to handling arbitrary stimulus dynamics, the algorithm can handle agents reconfiguring the connections (edges) of the graph over time in a controlled way. As an application, we show how this Adaptive Stimuli Algorithm on reconfigurable graphs can be used to solve the foraging problem, where food sources may be discovered, removed, or shifted at arbitrary times. We would like the agents to consistently self-organize, using only local interactions, such that if the food remains in a position long enough, the agents transition to a gather phase in which many collectively form a single large component with small perimeter around the food. Alternatively, if no food source has existed recently, the agents should undergo a self-induced phase change and switch to a search phase in which they distribute themselves randomly throughout the lattice region to search for food. Unlike previous approaches to foraging, this process is indefinitely repeatable, withstanding competing waves of messages that may interfere with each other. Like a physical phase change, microscopic changes such as the deletion or addition of a single food source trigger these macroscopic, system-wide transitions as agents share information about the environment and respond locally to get the desired collective response

    Parliament Buildings: The architecture of politics in Europe

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    As political polarisation undermines confidence in the shared values and established constitutional orders of many nations, it is imperative that we explore how parliaments are to stay relevant and accessible to the citizens whom they serve. The rise of modern democracies is thought to have found physical expression in the staged unity of the parliamentary seating plan. However, the built forms alone cannot give sufficient testimony to the exercise of power in political life. Parliament Buildings brings together architecture, history, art history, history of political thought, sociology, behavioural psychology, anthropology and political science to raise a host of challenging questions. How do parliament buildings give physical form to norms and practices, to behaviours, rituals, identities and imaginaries? How are their spatial forms influenced by the political cultures they accommodate? What kinds of histories, politics and morphologies do the diverse European parliaments share, and how do their political trajectories intersect? This volume offers an eclectic exploration of the complex nexus between architecture and politics in Europe. Including contributions from architects who have designed or remodelled four parliament buildings in Europe, it provides the first comparative, multi-disciplinary study of parliament buildings across Europe and across history

    Toward a theory of everything

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    A physical theory of everything is supposed to tell us: (1) The dynamical laws for matter and gravity; (2) The boundary condition of the universe; (3) The relation between the theory and experience. I present a personal assessment for different possibilities in addressing these tasks, which leads to the following picture for the most likely case. The dynamical laws for matter and gravity are captured by a joint matter-gravity path integral. The boundary condition is such that all configurations are summed over indifferently. The interior condition selects for individual experiences and nothing else. A human life is characterized by a sequence of experiences. Probabilistic predictions for each individual experience can be found in path integrals of the above form, but no collective account for joint experiences can be given. Individual experiences are related by their enabling conditions, which encode memories. Comprehension of objects are constructions, derived from regularities and repetitive patterns among the experiences

    Changing Priorities. 3rd VIBRArch

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    In order to warrant a good present and future for people around the planet and to safe the care of the planet itself, research in architecture has to release all its potential. Therefore, the aims of the 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture are: - To focus on the most relevant needs of humanity and the planet and what architectural research can do for solving them. - To assess the evolution of architectural research in traditionally matters of interest and the current state of these popular and widespread topics. - To deepen in the current state and findings of architectural research on subjects akin to post-capitalism and frequently related to equal opportunities and the universal right to personal development and happiness. - To showcase all kinds of research related to the new and holistic concept of sustainability and to climate emergency. - To place in the spotlight those ongoing works or available proposals developed by architectural researchers in order to combat the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. - To underline the capacity of architectural research to develop resiliency and abilities to adapt itself to changing priorities. - To highlight architecture's multidisciplinarity as a melting pot of multiple approaches, points of view and expertise. - To open new perspectives for architectural research by promoting the development of multidisciplinary and inter-university networks and research groups. For all that, the 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture is open not only to architects, but also for any academic, practitioner, professional or student with a determination to develop research in architecture or neighboring fields.Cabrera Fausto, I. (2023). Changing Priorities. 3rd VIBRArch. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2022.2022.1686
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