SEASONAL MIGRATION AND COLONY BEHAVIOR OF THE TROPICAL HONEYBEE APIS DORSA TA F. (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE)

A study on seasonal migration of the tropical honeybee, Apis dorsata wasconducted in the protected habitat of the Bogor Botanic Garden, West Jawa, Indonesia by monitoring the arrivals and departures of colonies of the honeybee. The colonies arrived in the garden during both the higher mean monthly rainfall and the lower number of rainy days per month and departed during the time of increasing the number of both total monthly rainfall and monthly rainy days. During their stay in the garden, the colonies occupied a certain location and host plant patches. Their duration of stay in the garden was variable. It was 77%, 9% and 4% of the colonies developed, stable and decreased their colony member, respectively. The colonies (23%) performed reproduction by reproducing new queens. Early arriving colonies stayed in very long periods and reproduced colony fission

HIV and orientation of subsistence and commercial home gardens in rural Ghana: Crop composition, crop diversity and food security

An empirical study was conducted to explore differences and similarities in biodiversity in subsistence and commercial home gardens of HIV-positive and HIV-negative rural households in the Eastern Region of Ghana and their significance in household food security. Data were obtained through a household and home garden survey of a purposive sample of 32 HIV-positive and a random sample of 48 HIV-negative rural households and through in-depth interviews. A higher proportion of species common to all four home garden types consisted of food crops: vegetables, staples and fruits. In HIV-positive households, commercial home gardens were significantly larger, had significantly more species and individual plants, more perennial food crops and more species that were harvested all year round and evenness was lower, but there was no significant difference in species diversity compared with subsistence home gardens. Significantly, more HIV-positive and HIV-negative households with a commercial home garden consumed a staple crop cultivated in the home garden in the 24-h period prior to the survey than HIV-positive households with subsistence home gardens. Rural households with HIV that manage commercial home gardens cultivate a dual purpose home garden which supplies subsistence food and also provides cash income; such households may have better food security than households that cultivate subsistence home garden

Weed community composition in different agro-systems

Weed communities in agricultural systems are diverse and subjected to different agronomic practices. In this study, a phytosociological survey of the weed community in different cropping systems consisting of corn, horticulture, perennial cultivation of Jatropha curcas and pasture of Urochloa brizantha in Rio Verde, GO, Brazil, was carried out. Assessments were performed at the beginning (October 2011) and at the end (March 2012) of the rainy season. After identifying and counting species, were calculated the phytosociological indices of density, frequency, abundance and relative importance, as well as the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener, evenness index of Pielou and similarity coefficient of Sorense. Were found 46 species of sixteen families, especially Poaceae. The most important species were: Alternanthera tenella in the annual growth environment during the both periods; Panicum maximum (early rainy season) and Chamaescy hirta (end of the rainy season) in the vegetable garden; Eleusine indica (early rainy season) and Galinsoga parviflora (end of the rainy season) in the perennial crop and Sida rhombifolia (early rainy season) and Neonotonia wigrtii (end of the rainy season) in the pasture. Lower diversity indices and evenness were observed in the pasture environment. Sampling time presented a higher impact on similarities when compared to the different environments.Weed communities in agricultural systems are diverse and subjected to different agronomic practices. In this study, a phytosociological survey of the weed community in different cropping systems consisting of corn, horticulture, perennial cultivation of Jatropha curcas and pasture of Urochloa brizantha in Rio Verde, GO, Brazil, was carried out. Assessments were performed at the beginning (October 2011) and at the end (March 2012) of the rainy season. After identifying and counting species, were calculated the phytosociological indices of density, frequency, abundance and relative importance, as well as the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener, evenness index of Pielou and similarity coefficient of Sorense. Were found 46 species of sixteen families, especially Poaceae. The most important species were: Alternanthera tenella in the annual growth environment during the both periods; Panicum maximum (early rainy season) and Chamaescy hirta (end of the rainy season) in the vegetable garden; Eleusine indica (early rainy season) and Galinsoga parviflora (end of the rainy season) in the perennial crop and Sida rhombifolia (early rainy season) and Neonotonia wigrtii (end of the rainy season) in the pasture. Lower diversity indices and evenness were observed in the pasture environment. Sampling time presented a higher impact on similarities when compared to the different environments

Adaptation options for agricultural cultivation systems in the South Central Coast under the context of climate change: Assessment Report.

This report highlights the results of consultation meetings and field visits organized by the Department of Crop Production and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security in Southeast Asia in association with the three offices of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development in the South Central Coast provinces of Binh Thuan, Ninh Thuan, and Khanh Hoa, in combination with consultation with the provinces in the conference: “Summing up crops production in the Winter-Spring season in 2018-2019, implementing the Summer-Autumn season, Main rice season in 2019 for the South Central Coast and the Central Highlands” held by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Tam Ky City, Quang Nam Province on 12 April 2019. The meetings underlined the progress made by the provinces on climate change adaptation and mitigation, options for risk reductions in agricultural production, and conversion of crop structure as results of implementing the guidelines of the provinces and the Sector, especially, solutions for reservation and efficient and economic use of water under the context of climate change. This assessment report also reviews some issues related to the agricultural transformation of the region in adapting to risks caused by climate change. They are based on comparative advantages in terms of geographical location and market of key agricultural products. This report also points out shortcomings in using land and unreasonable points in managing and using important natural resources, especially water, and provides recommendations for the agricultural transformation and inter-regional connection with the Central Highlands and the Southeast. The team also introduces climate-related risks maps and adaptation plans (CS MAP) which is applied in the five provinces in the Mekong Delta Region, and hopes this solution’s expansion shall be supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and the provinces

A livelihoods study of fishers and farmers in Long An Province

This is the report of a livelihoods study team working together with people from two villages in Long An Province, Vietnam. The study is based on information provided by the villagers, who shared their knowledge and spoke about real problems they face with their livelihoods. This study was conducted from 11-20 October 2001. The team worked with key informants in two communes, Thuan Nghia Hoa and My Thanh Dong, who volunteered to participate and represented the 177 households in the village. (PDF contains 40 pages

Англійська мова: підручник для 2-го класу спецілізованої школи з поглибленим вивченням англійської мови

Підручник для 2-го класу спецілізованої школи з поглибленим вивченням англійської мови

Urban water demand with fixed volumetric charging in a large municipality: the case of Brisbane, Australia

This paper uses suburb-level quarterly data to model residential water demand in Brisbane, Australia, from 1998 to 2003. In this system, residential consumption is charged using a fixed annual service fee with no water entitlement followed by a fixed volumetric charge per kilolitre. Water demand is specified as average quarterly household water consumption and the demand characteristics include the marginal price of water, household income and size, and the number of rainy and warm days. The findings not only confirm residential water as price and income inelastic, but also that the price and income elasticity of demand in owner-occupied households is higher than in rented households. The results also show that weather, particularly summer months and the number of rainy days, exerts a strong influence on residential water consumption.water management and policy, demand analysis, utility regulation and pricing, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,