ALGSICS - Combining physics and cryptography to enhance security and privacy in RFID systems

In this paper, we introduce several new mechanisms that are cheap to implement or integrate into RFID tags and that at the same time enhance their security and privacy properties. Our aim is to provide solutions that make use of existing (or expected) functionality on the tag or that are inherently cheap and thus, enhance the privacy friendliness of the technology "almost" for free. Our proposals, for example, make use of environmental information (presence of light temperature, humidity, etc.) to disable or enable the RFID tag. A second possibility that we explore is the use of delays in revealing a secret key used to later establish a secure communication channel. We also introduce the idea of a "sticky tag," which can be used to re-enable a disabled (or killed) tag whenever the user considers it to be safe. We discuss the security and describe usage scenarios for all solutions. Finally, we review previous works that use physical principles to provide security and privacy in RFID systems

Semantic discovery and reuse of business process patterns

Patterns currently play an important role in modern information systems (IS) development and their use has mainly been restricted to the design and implementation phases of the development lifecycle. Given the increasing significance of business modelling in IS development, patterns have the potential of providing a viable solution for promoting reusability of recurrent generalized models in the very early stages of development. As a statement of research-in-progress this paper focuses on business process patterns and proposes an initial methodological framework for the discovery and reuse of business process patterns within the IS development lifecycle. The framework borrows ideas from the domain engineering literature and proposes the use of semantics to drive both the discovery of patterns as well as their reuse

INDUSTRY 4.0 – AN OPPORTUNITY TO REALIZE SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY

With an increasing growth of human population, rising GDP levels and more affluent lifestyles, the human race is consuming more and more which leads to a continuously growing demand for renewable and non-renewable resources. Therefore the issue of resource scarcity is emerging, because it is questionable whether economic growth can be sustained in a world with finite natural resources. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the potential of Industry 4.0 applications to realize a more sustainable manufacturing and to create a circular economy (CE). Even if the economy nowadays is still locked into a system favoring the linear model of production and consumption, tighter environmental standards, resource scarcity and changing consumer expectations will force organizations to find alternatives. To do so, new technologies can be used to trace materials through the supply chain and to track product status during its life cycle. This development will create opportunities to accelerate the transition towards the model of a CE. Case examples show that companies are starting to capitalize on the potential of emerging technologies to rearrange production, services, business models or whole organizations in a more sustainable way. Main conclusions of this research are that there is a high potential of Industry 4.0 to ensure more sustainable manufacturing methods or a CE. This is shown by analyzing the value drivers of Industry 4.0, the potential of rearranging value chains and emerging business models. Overall, smart products and Industry 4.0 technologies could generate significant economic, environmental and social benefits and are able to contribute to strive towards a CE

INDUSTRY 4.0 – AN OPPORTUNITY TO REALIZE SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY

With an increasing growth of human population, rising GDP levels and more affluent lifestyles, the human race is consuming more and more which leads to a continuously growing demand for renewable and non-renewable resources. Therefore the issue of resource scarcity is emerging, because it is questionable whether economic growth can be sustained in a world with finite natural resources. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the potential of Industry 4.0 applications to realize a more sustainable manufacturing and to create a circular economy (CE). Even if the economy nowadays is still locked into a system favoring the linear model of production and consumption, tighter environmental standards, resource scarcity and changing consumer expectations will force organizations to find alternatives. To do so, new technologies can be used to trace materials through the supply chain and to track product status during its life cycle. This development will create opportunities to accelerate the transition towards the model of a CE. Case examples show that companies are starting to capitalize on the potential of emerging technologies to rearrange production, services, business models or whole organizations in a more sustainable way. Main conclusions of this research are that there is a high potential of Industry 4.0 to ensure more sustainable manufacturing methods or a CE. This is shown by analyzing the value drivers of Industry 4.0, the potential of rearranging value chains and emerging business models. Overall, smart products and Industry 4.0 technologies could generate significant economic, environmental and social benefits and are able to contribute to strive towards a CE

Part 1

Traceability can be a tool for safety and quality assurance for food perishables as well as for process optimization and economic gain. However, it is often considered mere bureaucracy and an economic burden. Such is prevalent in small and medium-sized enterprises. As they constitute most of food sector, the adoption of traceability systems is quite slow and mostly to satisfy legal requirements. To determine the main advantages and disadvantages of traceability models, implementation and technologies, a literature review and Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) focused analysis was performed in the part I of this study. In Part II, a low cost open-source traceability focused on food safety and quality is developed. It is based on HACCP flowcharts to define gateways for quality evaluation and encompasses external verification and product history maintenance. Economic gains, more quality and safety, better efficiency and a more direct contact with consumers are some of the main advantages. High implementation costs, poorly defined benefits, lack of compatibility, consumer focused perspective and exposure of sensitive information are some of the main issues. This study serves to expose these issues and suggest solutions, aiming to encourage the adoption of traceability systems, with last-end benefits to producers, retailers, and consumers.This study is within the activities of project PrunusPós—Otimização de processos de armazenamento, conservação em frio, embalamento ativo e/ou inteligente, e rastreabilidade da qualidade alimentar no póscolheita de produtos frutícolas (Optimization of processes of storage, cold conservation, active and/or intelligent packaging, and traceability of food quality in the postharvest of fruit products), Operation n.º PDR2020-101-031695 (Partner), Consortium n.º 87, Initiative n.º 175 promoted by PDR2020 and co-financed by FEADER under the Portugal 2020 initiative.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Unraveling Privacy: The Personal Prospectus and the Threat of a Full-Disclosure Future

Information technologies are reducing the costs of credible signaling, just as they have reduced the costs of data mining and economic sorting. The burgeoning informational privacy field has ignored this evolution, leaving it unprepared to deal with the consequences of these new signaling mechanisms. In an economy with robust signaling, those with valuable credentials, clean medical records, and impressive credit scores will want to disclose those traits to receive preferential economic treatment. Others may then find that they must also disclose private information to avoid the negative inferences attached to staying silent. This unraveling effect creates new types of privacy harms, converting disclosure from a consensual to a more coerced decision. This Article argues that informational privacy law must focus on the economics of signaling and its unraveling of privacy

How should the protection of privacy, threatened by new technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID), be seen from a Judeo-Christian perspective?

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a new technology which allows people to identify objects automatically but there is a suspicion that, if people are tracked, their privacy may be infringed. This raises questions about how far this technology is acceptable and how privacy should be protected. It is also initiated a discussion involving a wide range of technical, philosophical, political, social, cultural, and economical aspects. There is also a need to consider the ethical and theological perspectives. This dissertation takes all its relevant directions from a Judeo-Christian theological perspective. On one side the use of technology is considered, and on the other side the value of privacy, its infringements and protection are investigated. According to Jewish and Christian understanding human dignity has to be respected including the right to privacy. As a consequence of this RFID may only used for applications that do not infringe this right. This conclusion, however, is not limited to RFID; it will be relevant for other, future surveillance technologies as well.Philosophy and Systematic TheologyM. Th. (Theological ethics

Challenges and opportunities of introducing Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence applications into Supply Chain Management

The study examines the challenges and opportunities of introducing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) into the Supply Chain Management (SCM). This research focuses on the Logistic Management. The central research question is “What are the key challenges and opportunities of introducing AI and IoT applications into the Supply Chain Management?” The goal of this research is to collect the most appropriate literature to help create a conceptual framework, which involves the integration of the IoT and AI applications into contemporary supply chain management with the emphasis on the logistics management. Additionally, the role of 5G Network is closely studied in order to indicate its capabilities and the processing capacity that it can provide to the AI and IoT operations. In addition, the semi-structured online interview with the top managers from several companies was conducted in order to identify the degree of readiness of the companies for the AI and IoT applications in SCM. From the retrieved results, the major challenges of integrating the IoT into SCM are the security and privacy issues, the sensitivity of the data and high costs of the implementation at an initial stage. Moreover, the research results have shown that the IoT applications can positively affect the SCM activities, in particular, the high visibility across the SC, an effective traceability and an automated data collection. Furthermore, the predictive analysis of AI programs can help the SCM to eliminate the potential errors and failures in the processes.fi=Opinnäytetyö kokotekstinä PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=Lärdomsprov tillgängligt som fulltext i PDF-format