Pathways: Augmenting interoperability across scholarly repositories

In the emerging eScience environment, repositories of papers, datasets, software, etc., should be the foundation of a global and natively-digital scholarly communications system. The current infrastructure falls far short of this goal. Cross-repository interoperability must be augmented to support the many workflows and value-chains involved in scholarly communication. This will not be achieved through the promotion of single repository architecture or content representation, but instead requires an interoperability framework to connect the many heterogeneous systems that will exist. We present a simple data model and service architecture that augments repository interoperability to enable scholarly value-chains to be implemented. We describe an experiment that demonstrates how the proposed infrastructure can be deployed to implement the workflow involved in the creation of an overlay journal over several different repository systems (Fedora, aDORe, DSpace and arXiv).Comment: 18 pages. Accepted for International Journal on Digital Libraries special issue on Digital Libraries and eScienc

Linking Roman Coins: Current Work at the American Numismatic Society

This paper details a current project at the American Numismatic Society: Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE), an open-access catalogue of Roman Imperial coin types. The paper discusses linked data approaches applied to numismatic collections, the application architecture of the project, and the practical functionality of the project’s web interface, illustrating its value to researchers

Storage Solutions for Big Data Systems: A Qualitative Study and Comparison

Big data systems development is full of challenges in view of the variety of application areas and domains that this technology promises to serve. Typically, fundamental design decisions involved in big data systems design include choosing appropriate storage and computing infrastructures. In this age of heterogeneous systems that integrate different technologies for optimized solution to a specific real world problem, big data system are not an exception to any such rule. As far as the storage aspect of any big data system is concerned, the primary facet in this regard is a storage infrastructure and NoSQL seems to be the right technology that fulfills its requirements. However, every big data application has variable data characteristics and thus, the corresponding data fits into a different data model. This paper presents feature and use case analysis and comparison of the four main data models namely document oriented, key value, graph and wide column. Moreover, a feature analysis of 80 NoSQL solutions has been provided, elaborating on the criteria and points that a developer must consider while making a possible choice. Typically, big data storage needs to communicate with the execution engine and other processing and visualization technologies to create a comprehensive solution. This brings forth second facet of big data storage, big data file formats, into picture. The second half of the research paper compares the advantages, shortcomings and possible use cases of available big data file formats for Hadoop, which is the foundation for most big data computing technologies. Decentralized storage and blockchain are seen as the next generation of big data storage and its challenges and future prospects have also been discussed

Integrating semantic web technologies for Norwegian Records Management Standard Noark5 : an exploratory case study

Digital archives, Electronic records management (ERM), and digital libraries are organizations that entitle themselves as information providers. Their primary function is often constrained to selecting, organizing, storing, maintaining, and updating information with the support of various application software and systems and often interacting with web-based data. These software applications, systems, and programs are chosen in order to provide better and seamless services to end users as well as to satisfy user needs and expectations for digital archives or digital libraries. For that reason, these information providers are now have to familiarize themselves with various information and communication technology (ICT) mediums in order to distribute and share data over the web. In this century, the information professional, or information supplier, and knowledge society is acknowledging the importance of technology. Therefore, at present everyone is seeking valuable information and knowledge on how to use also the current technological advancements in an environmental that is rapidly and constantly changing. As a result, users’ interest, wants, and needs to access, share, retrieve, and in general to manage information and data goes beyond expectation and capacity of the current ERMS, and/or digital archives. The emerging semantic web technology is in position to help these organizations to catch up with the current revolutionary technological changes through the introduction new ways of organizing, sharing, defining, and providing relevant and meaningful information. On the other hand, the importance of the semantic web is not only limited to defining, organizing, creating, and representing data/ Knowledge, but also able to facilitate, gather, and provide detailed information from various applications and databases on behalf of the human. Doing so makes life easier for humans through saving time, and minimizing efforts when searching and retrieving required information. There are many more benefits of the semantic web and this study takes the first step to introduce and explore the benefits of semantic web for ERM, and archive institutions. The researcher argues that an organization can make cultural and technological, as well as contextual change such as going from a system centric view into more data and user-oriented view by means of semantic web technology. The study adapts technical, logical, and methodological approaches to integrate semantic web technology for the ERM and uses an appropriate framework and prototype throughout the implementation. Therefore, the overall result of this research work verifies the importance of the semantic web technology for ERMS using the semantic RDF language. In addition, the present results would enable both the ERM and archive organizations to make use of semantic-based data sources, and respectively it opens an opportunity for incorporating external semantic sources into a Noark5 system (A Norwegian Records Management Standard). In addition, semantic web technologies able to expose nested data from a Noark5 system by serializing and parsing the Noark5 extracted data, while at the same time it creates new opportunities of creating semantic relationships in between what we call from an archive perspective, objects of interest (people), the resources, and places. Moreover, the current RDF data model results are able to establish a basis for creating semantic Noark5 records and for creating semantic interoperability between various applications and databases without any interruption.Joint Master Degree in Digital Library Learning (DILL

Object Reuse and Exchange

The Open Archives Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) project defines standards for the description and exchange of aggregations of Web resources. The OAI-ORE abstract data model is conformant with the Architecture of the World Wide Web and leverages concepts from the Semantic Web, including RDF descriptions and Linked Data. In this paper we provide a brief review of a motivating example and its serialization in Atom