577 research outputs found
An Educational Philosophy Perspective On Teaching in Contemporary Curriculum Development
Current research supports the significance of critical consciousness development in the educational process. The research on reflective participatory learning and critical consciousness to foster critical consciousness in higher education may be far superior, notwithstanding a few shortcomings. More research is needed to determine the nature of critical consciousness in the higher education curriculum's philosophy of education and the best ways to support these students' vital development of consciousness. The critical consciousness technique was used in this investigation, and critical consciousness as a theoretical paradigm in education philosophy seeks to address multi-systemic oppression. All educational initiatives, including curricular decisions are grounded on philosophy. Critical consciousness encourages educators and students to consider other identities' viewpoints when reading and evaluating texts. It extends the goal of education to a more excellent social environment; this content critique and analysis method humanizes the learning process. Philosophy looks for and makes visible the good that all people should pursue and focus their deliberate education toward. In philosophy, the curriculum is prescriptive since it specifies the broad guidelines, courses, and disciplines that should be completed to earn a particular grade or standard. Like philosophy, the curriculum is normative and has guiding ideas and theories. Philosophy becomes a benchmark by which to evaluate the objectives, curriculum choices, and education delivery methods. Curriculum must be understood that they are constantly faced with making decisions about curricula and that philosophy plays a significant role in the decision-making process
Essays on Postdeflationary Substantive Theorizing about Truth
This dissertation explores the prospects of postdeflationary substantive theorizing about truth.
Postdeflationary theories define the concept of truth or the property of being a true truthbearer
in a way that respects the deflationary desiderata of clarity, purity, and metaphysical simplicity,
without a necessary commitment to the core negative thesis of the deflationary approach.
Postdeflationary substantive theories further acknowledge the complexity and explanatory utility of
truth in understanding and defining other concepts and phenomena.
The motivation for pursuing this study arises from the so-called contemporary crisis of
truth, where a substantive understanding of truth is subjected to widespread skepticism, critique,
and even cynicism both inside and outside of philosophy in formal and mundane discourse. To
better understand this crisis, particular attention is directed towards the deflationary critique of
substantive theories of truth, which is a prevalent point of discussion in contemporary literature
on western analytic philosophy. By exploring the limits and philosophical sustainability of
deflationary critique of substantive accounts of truth, valuable insight is gained about the
contemporary crisis of truth and the potential for substantive theorizing about truth in general.
This dissertation composes of an introduction and four original research publications that
address two connected themes: exploration of the philosophical sustainability of deflationary
critique of substantive theories of truth, and exploration of the prospects for development of the
now popular substantive pluralist theories of truth. These themes constitute both negative and
positive aspects in relation to analyzing the prospects of postdeflationary substantive theorizing
about truth.
The first part of this dissertation focuses on arguing against the widespread deflationary
readings of W.V.O. Quine’s truth, who is widely interpreted as a prominent and influential
deflationist in both the secondary literature on his philosophy and contemporary truth-theoretic
debates more broadly conceived. The first essay demonstrates that Quine’s immanent conception
of truth involves commitments that are incompatible with general and theory-specific framings
of the deflationary thesis. The second essay demonstrates conflicts between Quine’s views and
what has in recent literature been argued as strong and moderate variants of the deflationary
thesis. In conclusion, these essays demonstrate that the widespread deflationary readings of
Quine’s truth are mistaken, thus removing a prominent thinker from the deflationists ranks while
simultaneously casting suspicion towards the philosophical sustainability of the deflationary
approach in general.
The second part of this dissertation explores the prospects of postdeflationary substantive
theorizing about truth by analyzing the limits and prospects for development of the increasingly
popular substantive pluralist theories. The third essay explores different ways in which semantic
ambiguity poses trouble for current pluralist models. The fourth essay argues that to achieve the
theoretical desiderata that pluralists ask from discourse domains, the latter ought to be
individuated on ontological rather than topical grounds. In conclusion, these essays demonstrate
that while current pluralist models involve shortcomings, they encompass potential for
development and provide a viable prospect for sustainable postdeflationary substantive
theorizing about truth
Correndo atrás de coelhos e essências : uma tradução do dicionário intermitentemente filosófico Quiddities a partir da indeterminação da tradução
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Tadeu GonçalvesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Defesa : Curitiba, 28/02/2023Inclui referências: p. 181-187Área de concentração: Estudos LiteráriosResumo: Esta pesquisa propõe uma tradução de alguns verbetes de Quiddities: um dicionário intermitentemente filosófico, de Willard van Orman Quine, publicado em 1987, que parte do princípio da indeterminação da tradução elaborado pelo mesmo autor. O dicionário foi elaborado a partir de um convite da Harvard University Press e é considerado uma grande contribuição não apenas à filosofia, mas também à literatura de língua inglesa, pela forma como foi elaborado. Assim, a tese deve percorrer alguns caminhos para entender a composição do dicionário e como ele se insere na filosofia de Quine. Esta está diretamente ancorada no debate que se inicia em seu artigo Dois dogmas do empirismo, de 1951, no qual rejeita a distinção entre enunciados analíticos e sintéticos e critica o reducionismo. É nesse artigo que ele apresenta uma primeira versão dos conceitos holismo e extensionalidade - os quais são reelaborados e aprofundados em publicações posteriores -, fundamentos para o desenvolvimento dos princípios subsequentes. Depois de entender todo esse contexto, chega-se, no primeiro capítulo desta tese, a uma investigação do que seria a indeterminação da tradução e qual o lugar que esse princípio ocupa na filosofia da linguagem de Quine. Nesse mesmo capítulo, refletimos sobre o uso que Quine faz da linguagem, não apenas a forma como ele a discute, partindo do seu grande interesse pela literatura, evidenciado no dicionário com a referência a diversos autores, em especial a Lewis Carroll. A proximidade com esse autor se revelou cada vez maior, não apenas na obra referida, mas também em outras publicações; Quine foi um dos filósofos que reconheceu o valor de Carroll também como grande lógico. O segundo capítulo se dedica a um estudo do dicionário: seu título e sua relação com a obra toda, algumas colocações de Quine a respeito de dicionários e o gênero ensaio, uma vez que neste a forma está diretamente ligada ao conteúdo. Ademais, o ensaio requer um trabalho mais complexo da linguagem, o que mais uma vez revelou um ponto de conversa com Lewis Carroll. O terceiro capítulo concentra a discussão sobre o processo tradutório, destacando como a indeterminação pode ser um método para efetuar uma tradução, especialmente para lidar com alguns problemas que foram apontados ao longo da tradução dos verbetes selecionados. Espera-se que esta pesquisa consolide Quine como nome de relevância também nos estudos da tradução e a indeterminação como conceito que pode dar conta de alguns problemas, como o papel do tradutor e do texto traduzido.Abstract: This research proposes a translation of some entries from Quiddities: An Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary, by Willard van Orman Quine, published in 1987, based on the indeterminacy of the translation elaborated by the same author. The was written after an invitation from Harvard University Press; it can be considered an enormous contribution not only to Philosophy but also to English Literature. Thus, the thesis must follow some paths to understand the composition of the dictionary and how it fits into Quine's Philosophy. In this sense, we start with the debate that begins in his article Two Dogmas of Empiricism, from 1951, in which he rejects the distinction between analytical and synthetic statements and criticizes reductionism. In this article, he presents a first version of the concepts of holism and extensionality - which are reelaborated and deepened in later publications - as foundations for the development of subsequent principles. After understanding this context, the first chapter of this thesis leads to an investigation of the nature of the indeterminacy of translation and what place this principle occupies in Quine's philosophy of language. This chapter already inquiries about Quine's use of language, not just his discussions about it. He, as we describe, had a great interest in Literature, evidenced in the dictionary with references to several authors, especially Lewis Carroll. There is enormous proximity with this author, not only in the dictionary but also in other publications; Quine was one of the philosophers who recognized Carroll's value also as a great logician. The second chapter is devoted to a study of the dictionary: its title and its relation to the whole work; Quine's remarks about dictionaries; and the form of the essay since it is directly linked to the content. Furthermore, this genre requires more complex language work, which indicated a further closeness to Lewis Carroll. The third chapter focuses on the translation process. We highlighted how indetermination could be a method to translate, especially in dealing with some of the issues which we pointed out during the translation of the selected entries. We hope that this research will consolidate Quine as a name of relevance in Translation Studies and indeterminacy as a concept that can deal with some current issues, such as the role of the translator and the translated text
Threats and challenges to the scientific representation of semantics: Carnap, Quine, and the Lessons of Semantic Skepticism
We will approach the problem of semantic skepticism by comparing Quine's view with Carnap's strategy for finding intensional equivalences that guarantee a solution to the paradox of analysis; and then we will consider how the Intensionalists use these possible solutions to save the scientificity of semantics. Quine disagrees with Carnap that plausible solutions to the question of intensional equivalence provide us with explanations for the difficult problems. These are ones where, in contrast to mere extensional indistinguishability of expressions, we need a stronger determination to choose the right interpretation. And then he has a skeptical answer to which the semanticist-linguist cannot remain insensitive. The problem is that a semanticist can only say that he has an "object" of inquiry if a normative property can be reconstructed, but that is not guaranteed by the mathematical theory used to infer intensional values. Finally, we would like to point out the relevance of skeptical doctrines about semantics that go beyond the mere haunting of relativism or quietism about meaning. Without a skeptical approach, we argue, we lose sight of the unique nature of language and its peculiar property of being an object shaped by pressures on its own ability to be theorized.
 
Minimal Theologies
Originally published in in 2004. What, at this historical moment "after Auschwitz," still remains of the questions traditionally asked by theology? What now is theology's minimal degree? This magisterial study, the first extended comparison of the writings of Theodor W. Adorno and Emmanuel Levinas, explores remnants and echoes of religious forms in these thinkers' critiques of secular reason, finding in the work of both a "theology in pianissimo" constituted by the trace of a transcendent other. The author analyzes, systematizes, and formalizes this idea of an other of reason. In addition, he frames these thinkers' innovative projects within the arguments of such intellectual heirs as Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida, defending their work against later accusations of "performative contradiction" (by Habermas) or "empiricism" (by Derrida) and in the process casting important new light on those later writers as well. Attentive to rhetorical and rational features of Adorno's and Levinas's texts, his investigations of the concepts of history, subjectivity, and language in their writings provide a radical interpretation of their paradoxical modes of thought and reveal remarkable and hitherto unsuspected parallels between their philosophical methods, parallels that amount to a plausible way of overcoming certain impasses in contemporary philosophical thinking. In Adorno, this takes the form of a dialectical critique of dialectics; in Levinas, that of a phenomenological critique of phenomenology, each of which sheds new light on ancient and modern questions of metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics. For the English-language publication, the author has extensively revised and updated the prize-winning German version
Understanding Whitehead
Originally published in 1962. The central aim of this book is to discuss the development of Alfred North Whitehead's thought and to underscore how it is unique. The book collects nine essays written by Victor Lowe originally published between 1941 and 1961. The essays have been revised for inclusion in this volume
Essays on the Logical
Already in ancient philosophy, there was a transition from the implicit and hidden action of the Logical ( lógos) in nature ( phýsis) to the scientific and explicit expression of the logical structures of thought, action, the world and language. Heraclitus' heno-logic with Logos as hidden implicit principle of homologization of opposites ( tà enantía) in nature differs from Parmenides' paraconsistent logic developed in a hypothetical hemidyalectics given in the formula ''All is One'' ( hén pánta eînai). Plato's concept of dia-logic (dialektikè téchne ) with a new concept of Logos as the one genus of beings ( hén tí génon toôn ontoôn) in which the word not-Being (negation) got its place enabled production of dyadic logical structure by the granulation of genera into opposite species and sub-species that it contains. Aristotle's concept of triadic-logic as syl-logistics ( syllogismós) and demonstrative science (epistéme apodeiktikê ) give a new approach by new granulation of the concept of Logos into triadic logical structure: (1) the structure of being (substratum-attributes relation), (2) the structure of thought (substance-second substances relation), and (3) the structure of propositions (subject-predicate relation). Plato's dialectic and Aristotle's syllogistic both deconstructed the implicit ontological unity of the world (pan, kosmos, sphairos ) given through the concept of Logos in Pre-Socratic philosophy in order to make that unity in explicit form given by the logical and semantical structures of the propositions about the world, about the thought and about the language. The hidden implicit of the nature, which had to be known intuitively, was transformed into unhidden explicit inferential logical structures given in the semantics and pragmatics of scientific demonstration
Longwood University Catalog 2022-2023
This catalog is also searchable and available online though the registrars office at https://catalog.longwood.edu/, this is the archival copy which may lack some of the formatting of the official web version.https://digitalcommons.longwood.edu/catalogs/1121/thumbnail.jp
- …