Plural marking in argument supporting nominalizations

This paper investigates the conditions under which Argument Supporting Nominalizations (ASNs) can receive plural marking. Under ASNs, we discuss deverbal nouns that express an event and preserve argument structure. In our discussion we consider ASNs in Romanian, English and German

No objections to backward control?

The aim of this paper is to address two main counterarguments raised in Landau (2007) against the movement analysis of Control, and especially against the phenomenon of Backward Control. The paper shows that unlike the situation described in Tsez (Polinsky & Potsdam 2002), Landau's objections do not hold for Greek and Romanian, where all obligatory control verbs exhibit Backward Control. Our results thus provide stronger empirical support for a theoretical approach to Control in terms of Movement, as defended in Hornstein (1999 and subsequent work)

IS THERE ANY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ATTITUDE OF ROMANIAN TOURISTS AS COMPARED TO THE FOREIGN ONES?

This paper ranks within the field of marketing research, being primarily aimed at identifying differences between the attitude of Romanian tourists as compared to that of foreign tourists with respect to hotel room arrangement - in which they were housed during their staying – respectively the assessment of culinary preparations of the location (the restaurant) where they most often served meals. This paper also presents those aspects they were satisfied with, they are not satisfied with and that the respondents would change or improve in the Centre Development Region. The quantitative marketing research took place in the Centre Development Region between 15.05.2009-17.10.2009. A total of 410 questionnaires have been included in this marketing research.attitude, research, variable, total variant

What Was a Relevant Translation in the 18th Century?

The paper applies RT to analyse an 18th century translation of a Latin text by the preeminent Romanian scholar Demetrius Cantemir. The translation diverges significantly from the original and was met with harsh criticism. Using the conceptual toolkit of RT, I argue that the differences between the original and its English translation were motivated by the translator’s desire to yield the same cognitive effect without putting the audience to unnecessary processing effort. Both effects and effort need to be evaluated by taking into account the respective cognitive environments of the source-text and the target-text audiences. The intertextual dimension of the text under scrutiny adds to the difficulty of communicating the same message in different languages and cultures

Transfer Learning in Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Dynamic Vocabulary

We propose a method to transfer knowledge across neural machine translation (NMT) models by means of a shared dynamic vocabulary. Our approach allows to extend an initial model for a given language pair to cover new languages by adapting its vocabulary as long as new data become available (i.e., introducing new vocabulary items if they are not included in the initial model). The parameter transfer mechanism is evaluated in two scenarios: i) to adapt a trained single language NMT system to work with a new language pair and ii) to continuously add new language pairs to grow to a multilingual NMT system. In both the scenarios our goal is to improve the translation performance, while minimizing the training convergence time. Preliminary experiments spanning five languages with different training data sizes (i.e., 5k and 50k parallel sentences) show a significant performance gain ranging from +3.85 up to +13.63 BLEU in different language directions. Moreover, when compared with training an NMT model from scratch, our transfer-learning approach allows us to reach higher performance after training up to 4% of the total training steps.Comment: Published at the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT), 201

Next generation translation and localization: Users are taking charge

Nonprofit translation activity driven by users and volunteer translators now represent a market force that easily rivals the mainstream translation and localization industries. While they still try to understand the drivers behind this nonprofit movement and occasionally attempt to tap in to these newly discovered “resources”, nonprofit translation efforts for good causes are growing at a phenomenal rate. This paper examines the case of The Rosetta Foundation as an example of a not-for-profit volunteer translation facilitator. The paper focuses on the motivating factors for volunteer translators. A survey was distributed to the several hundred volunteers who signed up as translators in the first few months of The Rosetta Foundation’s launch. The paper provides some background on what might well become the next generation of translation and localization and present the results of the survey. Finally, we will explore how The Rosetta Foundation, and other not-for-profit translation organisations might better motivate volunteers to contribute their skills and expertise