2,339 research outputs found
Quantization-free parameter space reduction in ellipse detection
Ellipse modeling and detection is an important task in many computer vision and pattern recognition applications. In this thesis, four Hough-based transform algorithms have been carefully selected, studied and analyzed. These techniques include the Standard Hough Transform, Probabilistic Hough Transform, Randomized Hough Transform and Directional Information for Parameter Space Decomposition. The four algorithms are analyzed and compared against each other in this study using synthetic ellipses. Objects such as noise have been introduced to distract ellipse detection in some of the synthetic ellipse images. To complete the analysis, real world images were used to test each algorithm resulting in the proposal of a new algorithm. The proposed algorithm uses the strengths from each of the analyzed algorithms. This new algorithm uses the same approach as the Directional Information for Parameter Space Decomposition to determine the ellipse center. However, in the process of collecting votes for the ellipse center, pairs of unique edge points voted for the center are also kept in an array. A minimum of two pairs of edge points are required to determine the ellipse. This significantly reduces the usual five dimensional array requirement needed in the Standard Hough Transform. We present results of the experiments with synthetic images demonstrating that the proposed method is more effective and robust to noise. Real world applications on complex real world images are also performed successfully in the experiment
A survey of the state of the art and focused research in range systems, task 2
Many communication, control, and information processing subsystems are modeled by linear systems incorporating tapped delay lines (TDL). Such optimized subsystems result in full precision multiplications in the TDL. In order to reduce complexity and cost in a microprocessor implementation, these multiplications can be replaced by single-shift instructions which are equivalent to powers of two multiplications. Since, in general, the obvious operation of rounding the infinite precision TDL coefficients to the nearest powers of two usually yield quite poor system performance, the optimum powers of two coefficient solution was considered. Detailed explanations on the use of branch-and-bound algorithms for finding the optimum powers of two solutions are given. Specific demonstration of this methodology to the design of a linear data equalizer and its implementation in assembly language on a 8080 microprocessor with a 12 bit A/D converter are reported. This simple microprocessor implementation with optimized TDL coefficients achieves a system performance comparable to the optimum linear equalization with full precision multiplications for an input data rate of 300 baud. The philosophy demonstrated in this implementation is dully applicable to many other microprocessor controlled information processing systems
Tunnelling of topological line defects in strongly coupled superfluids
The geometric theory of vortex tunnelling in superfluid liquids is developed.
Geometry rules the tunnelling process in the approximation of an incompressible
superfluid, which yields the identity of phase and configuration space in the
vortex collective co-ordinate. To exemplify the implications of this approach
to tunnelling, we solve explicitly for the two-dimensional motion of a point
vortex in the presence of an ellipse, showing that the hydrodynamic collective
co-ordinate description limits the constant energy paths allowed for the vortex
in configuration space. We outline the experimental procedure used in helium II
to observe tunnelling events, and compare the conclusions we draw to the
experimental results obtained so far. Tunnelling in Fermi superfluids is
discussed, where it is assumed that the low energy quasiparticle excitations
localised in the vortex core govern the vortex dynamical equations. The
tunnelling process can be dominated by Hall or dissipative terms, respectively
be under the influence of both, with a possible realization of this last
intermediate case in unconventional, high-temperature superconductors.Comment: 51 pages, 15 figures, uses Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) style file; forms
part of author's dissertation, available at
http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cond-mat/9909166v
Design of strapdown gyroscopes for a dynamic environment Semiannual report, Dec. 1967 - May 1968
Systems analysis, design, and operating characteristics of strapdown gyroscopes for dynamic environmen
From high temperature supercondutivity to quantum spin liquid: progress in strong correlation physics
This review gives a rather general discussion of high temperature
superconductors as an example of a strongly correlated material. The argument
is made that in view of the many examples of unconventional superconductors
discovered in the past twenty years, we should no longer be surprised that
superconductivity emerges as a highly competitive ground state in systems where
Coulomb repulsion plays a dominant role. The physics of the cuprates is
discussed, emphasizing the unusual pseudogap phase in the underdoped region. It
is argued that the resonating valence bond (RVB) picture, as formulated using
gauge theory with fermionic and bosonic matter fields, gives an adequate
physical understanding, even though many details are beyond the powers of
current calculational tools. The recent discovery of quantum oscillations in a
high magnetic field is discussed in this context. Meanwhile, the problem of the
quantum spin liquid (a spin system with antiferromagnetic coupling which
refuses to order even at zero temperature) is a somewhat simpler version of the
high problem where significant progress has been made recently. It is
understood that the existence of matter fields can lead to de-confinement of
the U(1) gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, and novel new particles (called
fractionalized particles), such as fermionic spinons which carry spin and no charge, and gapless gauge bosons can emerge to create a new critical
state at low energies. We even have a couple of real materials where such a
scenario may be realized experimentally. The article ends with answers to
questions such as: what limits if pairing is driven by an electronic
energy scale? why is the high problem hard? why is there no consensus?
and why is the high problem important?Comment: Submitted as "Key Issue" essay for Report of Progress in Physics; v2:
References are added and typos correcte
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