1,437 research outputs found
Ditransitive verbs and the ditransitive construction: a diachronic perspective
This paper argues for the adoption of a construction-based perspective to the investigation of diachronic shifts in valency, which is a hitherto largely neglected topic in the framework of valency grammar. On the basis of a comparison of the set of verbs attested in the double object argument structure pattern in a corpus of 18th-century British English with the construction's present-day semantic range, I will distinguish between three kinds of valency shifts. It will be shown that the semantic ranges of schematic argument structure constructions are subject to diachronic change, and that the shifts in valency observed in individual verbs are often part of more general changes at the level of the associated argument structure constructions. The latter part of the paper explores frequency shifts in valency and constructional semantics
Morphological Productivity in the Lexicon
In this paper we outline a lexical organization for Turkish that makes use of
lexical rules for inflections, derivations, and lexical category changes to
control the proliferation of lexical entries. Lexical rules handle changes in
grammatical roles, enforce type constraints, and control the mapping of
subcategorization frames in valency-changing operations. A lexical inheritance
hierarchy facilitates the enforcement of type constraints. Semantic
compositions in inflections and derivations are constrained by the properties
of the terms and predicates.
The design has been tested as part of a HPSG grammar for Turkish. In terms of
performance, run-time execution of the rules seems to be a far better
alternative than pre-compilation. The latter causes exponential growth in the
lexicon due to intensive use of inflections and derivations in Turkish.Comment: 10 pages LaTeX, {lingmacros,avm,psfig}.sty, 1 figure, 1 bibtex fil
Towards a typology of valency : ein Beitrag zu den Techniken Valenz und Orientierung
Grammatical relations, particularly the notions of transitivity, case marking, ergativity, passive and antipassive have been a favourite subject of typological research during the last decade, but surprisingly, the notion of valency has been of marginal interest in cross-linguistic studies, though the syntactic and semantic status of participants is, to a great extent, determined by the relational properties of the verb. Valency is the property of the verb which determines the obligatory and optional number of its participants, their morphosyntactic form, their semantic class membership (e.g. ± animate, ± human) ,and their semantic role (e.g. agent, patient, recipient). The valency inherently gives information on the nature of the semantic and syntactic relations that hold between the verb and its participants. If a verb is combined with more participants than allowed or less than required, or if the participants do not show the required morphosyntactic form or class membership, the clause is ungrammatical. In other words, it is not sufficient to consider only the number of actants as a matter of valency, but it is only acceptable if all semantic and morphosyntactic properties of the relation between a verb and its participants that are predictable from the verb are included. The predictability of these properties results from their inherent givenness, and it does not seem reasonable to count some inherently given relational properties as a matter of valency, but not others (compare Helbig (1971:38f) and Heidolph et ale (1981:479) who distinguish between the quantitative, syntactic and semantic aspect of valency)
The Valency Structure Of English And Tatar Verbs Of Motion In The Comparative Aspect
The theory of valency is one of the most important topics of modern linguistics. The valency analysis is directly related to the practice of teaching and learning languages in linguistics.The given research is aimed at considering the valency structure of Tatar and English verbsof motion. The relevance of the topic is determined by its general theoretical significance. The comprehensive study of the valency structure of Tatar and English verbs makes a significant contribution to the study of the theory of semantic syntax of these languages. The choice of verbs of motion is also not accidental. The versatility of the semantic structure of this group of verbs takes the first place among other thematic groups.The scientific novelty of the research is that it conducts the comparative study of valency properties and variants of Tatar and English verbs of motion. The work involves experiencing the comprehensive study of valency properties of the main lexico-semantic group of verbs: verbs of motion. Due to the fact that it is impossible to describe in detail all the lexical-semantic groups of verbs within the framework of one study, we limited ourselves to considering the main thematic group – the verbs of motion
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