12,561 research outputs found
Complex networks and public funding: the case of the 2007-2013 Italian program
In this paper we apply techniques of complex network analysis to data sources
representing public funding programs and discuss the importance of the
considered indicators for program evaluation. Starting from the Open Data
repository of the 2007-2013 Italian Program Programma Operativo Nazionale
'Ricerca e Competitivit\`a' (PON R&C), we build a set of data models and
perform network analysis over them. We discuss the obtained experimental
results outlining interesting new perspectives that emerge from the application
of the proposed methods to the socio-economical evaluation of funded programs.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure
Rerepresenting and Restructuring Domain Theories: A Constructive Induction Approach
Theory revision integrates inductive learning and background knowledge by
combining training examples with a coarse domain theory to produce a more
accurate theory. There are two challenges that theory revision and other
theory-guided systems face. First, a representation language appropriate for
the initial theory may be inappropriate for an improved theory. While the
original representation may concisely express the initial theory, a more
accurate theory forced to use that same representation may be bulky,
cumbersome, and difficult to reach. Second, a theory structure suitable for a
coarse domain theory may be insufficient for a fine-tuned theory. Systems that
produce only small, local changes to a theory have limited value for
accomplishing complex structural alterations that may be required.
Consequently, advanced theory-guided learning systems require flexible
representation and flexible structure. An analysis of various theory revision
systems and theory-guided learning systems reveals specific strengths and
weaknesses in terms of these two desired properties. Designed to capture the
underlying qualities of each system, a new system uses theory-guided
constructive induction. Experiments in three domains show improvement over
previous theory-guided systems. This leads to a study of the behavior,
limitations, and potential of theory-guided constructive induction.Comment: See http://www.jair.org/ for an online appendix and other files
accompanying this articl
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