259 research outputs found
Performance Evaluation of Power Efficient Mechanisms on Multimedia over LTE-A Networks
Power optimization is a critical challenge in multimedia services over cellular communication systems. Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) has been developed for higher bandwidth access for accommodating today’s heavy data applications to provide better performance. Idle mode permits cellularstations to manipulate power and sources with the aid of limiting its activity for discrete periods and this eliminates the lively requirement for handover and other ordinary operations. Also, provides a periodical method for the cell station for pending downlink traffic directed to the cellularstation and as a result gets rid network handover traffic from basically inactive cellular stations. Discontinuous Reception (DRX) has been carried out to decrease the power intake of the consumer device, and transmission of big quantity of data. At data transfer, mobile device and the network phases negotiation occur. During other times, the device turns its receiver off and enters a low power state. Thereby similarly assisting numerous services and big quantities of information transmissions. This study prepossession of a massive quantity of data. Also proposes the two-power optimization modes idle mode and DRX mode parameters to achieve maximum possible power saving with the higher quality of multimedia services. Furthermore, the effectiveness of using DRX short cycles and DRX long cycles on multimedia services and the overall performance. Using OPNET Simulator 17.5, it concluded that DRX mechanism is preferred to operate compared with the Idle mechanism, also resulted that the DRX long cycles are a very good choice for all multimedia services and the overall network performance
Performance Comparison Between VoLTE and non-VoLTE Voice Calls During Mobility in Commercial Deployment: A Drive Test-Based Analysis
The optimization of network performance is vital for the delivery of services
using standard cellular technologies for mobile communications. Call setup
delay and User Equipment (UE) battery savings significantly influence network
performance. Improving these factors is vital for ensuring optimal service
delivery. In comparison to traditional circuit-switched voice calls, VoLTE
(Voice over LTE) technology offers faster call setup durations and better
battery-saving performance. To validate these claims, a drive test was carried
out using the XCAL drive test tool to collect real-time network parameter
details in VoLTE and non-VoLTE voice calls. The findings highlight the analysis
of real-time network characteristics, such as the call setup delay calculation,
battery-saving performance, and DRX mechanism. The study contributes to the
understanding of network optimization strategies and provides insights for
enhancing the quality of service (QoS) in mobile communication networks.
Examining VoLTE and non-VoLTE operations, this research highlights the
substantial energy savings obtained by VoLTE. Specifically, VoLTE saves
approximately 60.76% of energy before the Service Request and approximately
38.97% of energy after the Service Request. Moreover, VoLTE to VoLTE calls have
a 72.6% faster call setup delay than non-VoLTE-based LTE to LTE calls, because
of fewer signaling messages required. Furthermore, as compared to non-VoLTE to
non-VoLTE calls, VoLTE to non-VoLTE calls offer an 18.6% faster call setup
delay. These results showcase the performance advantages of VoLTE and reinforce
its potential for offering better services in wireless communication networks.Comment: Accepted for presentation and Publication on the IEEE 10th
International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and
Informatics (EECSI 2023
Power Saving Techniques in 5G Technology for Multiple-Beam Communications
The evolution of mobile technology and computation systems enables User Equipment (UE) to manage tremendous amounts of data transmission. As a result of current 5G technology, several types of wireless traffic in millimeter wave bands can be transmitted at high data rates with ultra-reliable and small latency communications. The 5G networks rely on directional beamforming and mmWave uses to overcome propagation and losses during penetration. To align the best beam pairs and achieve high data rates, beam-search operations are used in 5G. This combined with multibeam reception and high-order modulation techniques deteriorates the battery power of the UE. In the previous 4G radio mobile system, Discontinuous Reception (DRX) techniques were successfully used to save energy. To reduce the energy consumption and latency of multiple-beam 5G radio communications, we will propose in this paper the DRX Beam Measurement technique (DRX-BM). Based on the power-saving factor analysis and the delayed response, we will model DRX-BM into a semi-Markov process to reduce the tracking time. Simulations in MATLAB are used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed model and avoid unnecessary time spent on beam search. Furthermore, the simulation indicates that our proposed technique makes an improvement and saves 14% on energy with a minimum delay
Analysis of M2M Capabilities in 4G
M2M (Machine to Machine) communications enable many new applications that reduce the costs of maintenance and operation via remote monitoring and control. The forecasts for this type of communications predict traffic increases associated with these devices of about 100% in the coming years. However, the behaviour of M2M devices is different from the human user, which causes stress on the networks due to the overload of the signalling procedures. This paper reviews the literature on the current scenario, projections for the decade, and improvements that LTE (Long Term Evolution) will offer for this segment of devices.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Quantifying Potential Energy Efficiency Gain in Green Cellular Wireless Networks
Conventional cellular wireless networks were designed with the purpose of
providing high throughput for the user and high capacity for the service
provider, without any provisions of energy efficiency. As a result, these
networks have an enormous Carbon footprint. In this paper, we describe the
sources of the inefficiencies in such networks. First we present results of the
studies on how much Carbon footprint such networks generate. We also discuss
how much more mobile traffic is expected to increase so that this Carbon
footprint will even increase tremendously more. We then discuss specific
sources of inefficiency and potential sources of improvement at the physical
layer as well as at higher layers of the communication protocol hierarchy. In
particular, considering that most of the energy inefficiency in cellular
wireless networks is at the base stations, we discuss multi-tier networks and
point to the potential of exploiting mobility patterns in order to use base
station energy judiciously. We then investigate potential methods to reduce
this inefficiency and quantify their individual contributions. By a
consideration of the combination of all potential gains, we conclude that an
improvement in energy consumption in cellular wireless networks by two orders
of magnitude, or even more, is possible.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.843
Energy and Spectral Efficiency Balancing Algorithm for Energy Saving in LTE Downlinks
In wireless network communication environments, Spectral Efficiency (SE) and
Energy Efficiency (EE) are among the major indicators used for evaluating
network performance. However, given the high demand for data rate services and
the exponential growth of energy consumption, SE and EE continue to elicit
increasing attention in academia and industries. Consequently, a study of the
trade-off between these metrics is imperative. In contrast with existing works,
this study proposes an efficient SE and EE trade-off algorithm for saving
energy in downlink Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks to concurrently optimize
SE and EE while considering battery life at the Base Station (BS). The scheme
is formulated as a Multi-objective Optimization Problem (MOP) and its Pareto
optimal solution is examined. In contrast with other algorithms that prolong
battery life by considering the idle state of a BS, thereby increasing average
delay and energy consumption, the proposed algorithm prolongs battery life by
adjusting the initial and final states of a BS to minimize the average delay
and the energy consumption. Similarly, the use of an omni-directional antenna
to spread radio signals to the user equipment in all directions causes high
interference and low spatial reuse. We propose using a directional antenna
instead of an omni-directional antenna by transmitting signals in one direction
which results in no or low interference and high spatial reuse. The proposed
scheme has been extensively evaluated through simulation, where simulation
results prove that the proposed scheme is efficiently able to decrease the
average response delay, improve SE, and minimize energy consumption.Comment: 19 page
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