120,950 research outputs found
Using Qualitative Hypotheses to Identify Inaccurate Data
Identifying inaccurate data has long been regarded as a significant and
difficult problem in AI. In this paper, we present a new method for identifying
inaccurate data on the basis of qualitative correlations among related data.
First, we introduce the definitions of related data and qualitative
correlations among related data. Then we put forward a new concept called
support coefficient function (SCF). SCF can be used to extract, represent, and
calculate qualitative correlations among related data within a dataset. We
propose an approach to determining dynamic shift intervals of inaccurate data,
and an approach to calculating possibility of identifying inaccurate data,
respectively. Both of the approaches are based on SCF. Finally we present an
algorithm for identifying inaccurate data by using qualitative correlations
among related data as confirmatory or disconfirmatory evidence. We have
developed a practical system for interpreting infrared spectra by applying the
method, and have fully tested the system against several hundred real spectra.
The experimental results show that the method is significantly better than the
conventional methods used in many similar systems.Comment: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying file
Reconfiguring Household Management in Times of Discontinuity as an Open System: The Case of Agro-food Chains
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.This article is based upon a heterodox approach to economics that rejects the
oversimplification made by closed economic models and the mainstream concept
of âexternality.â This approach re-imagines economics as a holistic evaluation of
resources versus human needs, which requires judgement based on understanding
of the complexity generated by the dynamic relations between different systems.
One re-imagining of the economic model is as a holistic and systemic evaluation of
agri-food systemsâ sustainability that was performed through the multi-dimensional
Governance Assessment Matrix Exercise (GAME). This is based on the five capitals
model of sustainability, and the translation of qualitative evaluations into quantitative
scores. This is based on the triangulation of big data from a variety of sources. To
represent quantitative interactions, this article proposes a provisional translation of
GAMEâs qualitative evaluation into a quantitative form through the identification of
measurement units that can reflect the different capital dimensions. For instance, a
post-normal, ecological accounting method, Emergy is proposed to evaluate the natural
capital. The revised GAME re-imagines economics not as the âdismal science,â but
as one that has potential leverage for positive, adaptive and sustainable ecosystemic
analyses and global âhouseholdâ management. This article proposes an explicit
recognition of economics nested within the social spheres of human and social capital
which are in turn nested within the ecological capital upon which all life rests and is
truly the bottom line. In this article, the authors make reference to an on-line retailer of
local food and drink to illustrate the methods for evaluation of the five capitals model
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A quantum theoretical explanation for probability judgment errors
A quantum probability model is introduced and used to explain human probability judgment errors including the conjunction, disjunction, inverse, and conditional fallacies, as well as unpacking effects and partitioning effects. Quantum probability theory is a general and coherent theory based on a set of (von Neumann) axioms which relax some of the constraints underlying classic (Kolmogorov) probability theory. The quantum model is compared and contrasted with other competing explanations for these judgment errors including the representativeness heuristic, the averaging model, and a memory retrieval model for probability judgments. The quantum model also provides ways to extend Bayesian, fuzzy set, and fuzzy trace theories. We conclude that quantum information processing principles provide a viable and promising new way to understand human judgment and reasoning
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