807 research outputs found
Tool for network level configuration and auditing in mobile backbone network
Tämän työn tarkoituksena on toteuttaa prototyyppi, jolla voi hallita ja valvoa runkoverkon verkkoelementtejä IP-tasolla. Prototyyppiä tarvitaan uudentyyppisen ohjelmiston soveltuvuuden arviointiin, josta saatua tietoa voidaan myöhemmin hyödyntää kokoversion toteutuksen yhteydessä.
Prototyyppi kehitettiin vesiputousmallin avulla, joka todettiin sopivaksi pienimuotoisen ohjelmiston kehitykseen. Prototyyppi perustuu taulukkolaskentaohjelmista tuttuun käyttöliittymään, jonka arvioitiin sopivan hyvin verkon struktuurin kuvaamiseen. Ohjelmointikieleksi valittiin Java, koska sen avulla voitiin taata alustariippumattomuus.
Prototyypin kehitys onnistui hyvin, sillä prototyypillä on mahdollista auditoida verkkoja sekä tehdä suhteellisen yksinkertaisia konfigurointeja. Prototyyppi todettiin yhdeksi vaihtoehdoksi toteuttaa työkalu verkkotason hallinnointiin ja valvontaan. Lisäksi työkalun kokoversiolla arvioitiin olevan mahdollista yksinkertaistaa ja nopeuttaa verkkojen hallintaa.
Työkalun kehityksen aikana ei löydetty teknisiä esteitä sen jatkokehitykselle. Kokoversion toteutuksen yhteydessä kannattaa hyödyntää tässä työssä esitettyjä suosituksia. On esimerkiksi suositeltavaa tutkia, pitääkö työkalun käyttöliittymään tehdä muutoksia.The purpose of this thesis is to implement a prototype for the configuration and auditing of network elements in the mobile core network. The focus of the prototype is on the IP level. The prototype is needed in order to evaluate the feasibility of this new type of tool. The feedback from the prototype evaluation provides input for the full-scale implementation of the network level configuration and auditing tool.
The Waterfall model was used to steer the prototype development, because the model was considered suitable for small-scale software development projects. The user interface of the prototype is based on the spreadsheet design, which was considered suitable for displaying network structures. Finally, Java was chosen as the programming language because of its platform independence.
The prototype development was a success, because the prototype is capable of performing network level auditing and relatively simple configurations. The prototype was considered as a possible choice for a network level configuration and auditing tool. In addition, it was thought that the full-scale version of the tool could simplify and speed up network management tasks.
From a technical perspective, no problems were found during the prototype development that would prevent the full-scale implementation of the tool. This thesis provides some suggestions for the full-scale development. For example, it is recommended to analyze whether the user interface of the tool should be renewed
Runtime variability for dynamic reconfiguration in wireless sensor network product lines
Runtime variability is a key technique for the success of Dynamic Software Product Lines (DSPLs), as certain application demand reconfiguration of system features and execution plans at runtime. In this emerging research work we address the problem of dynamic changes in feature models in sensor networks product families, where nodes of the network demand dynamic reconfiguration at post-deployment time
A TrustZone-assisted hypervisor supporting dynamic partial reconfiguration
Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica Industrial e ComputadoresTraditionally, embedded systems were dedicated single-purpose systems characterised
by hardware resource constraints and real-time requirements. However,
with the growing computing abilities and resources on general purpose platforms,
systems that were formerly divided to provide different functions are now merging
into one System on Chip. One of the solutions that allows the coexistence
of heterogeneous environments on the same hardware platform is virtualization
technology, usually in the form of an hypervisor that manage different instances
of OSes and arbitrate their execution and resource usage, according to the chosen
policy.
ARM TrustZone has been one of the technologies used to implement a virtualization
solution with low overhead and low footprint. µRTZVisor a TrustZoneassisted
hypervisor with a microkernel-like architecture - is a bare-metal embedded
hypervisor that relies on TrustZone hardware to provide the foundation to implement
strong spatial and temporal isolation between multiple guest OSes.
The use of Partial Reconfiguration allows the designer to define partial reconfigurable
regions in the FPGA and reconfigure them during runtime. This allows
the system to have its functionalities changed during runtime using Dynamic Partial
Reconfiguration (DPR), without needing to reconfigure all the FPGA. This
is a major advantage, as it decreases the configuration overhead since partial bitstreams
are smaller than full bitstreams and the reconfiguration time is shorter.
Another advantage is reducing the need for larger logic areas and consequently
reducing their power consumption.
Therefore, a hypervisor that supports DPR brings benefits to the system. Aside
from better FPGA resources usage, another improvement that it brings, is when
critical hardware modules misbehave and the hardware module can be replaced.
It also enables the controlling and changing of hardware accelerators dynamically,
which can be used to meet the guest OSes requests for hardware resources as the
need appears. The propose of this thesis is extending the µRTZVisor to have a
DPR mechanism.Tradicionalmente, os sistemas embebidos eram sistemas dedicados a uma Ăşnica
tarefa e apenas limitados pelos seus requisitos de tempo real e de hardware. Contudo,
como as plataformas de uso geral tĂŞm cada vez mais recursos e capacidade
de processamento, muitos dos sistemas que executavam separadamente, passaram
a apenas um sistema em plataforma recorrendo à tecnologia de virtualização, normalmente
como um hipervisor que Ă© capaz de gerir mĂşltiplos sistemas operativos
arbitrando a sua execução e acesso aos recursos da plataforma de acordo com uma
politica predefinida.
A tecnologia TrustZone da ARM tem sido uma das soluções implementadas
sem ter grande impacto na performance dos sistemas operativos. µRTZVisor é um
dos hipervisores baseados na TrustZone para implementar um isolamento espacial
e temporal entre mĂşltiplos sistemas operativos, sendo que defere de outras uma
vez que Ă© de arquitectura microkernel.
O uso de Reconfiguração Parcial Dinâmica (RPD) permite ao designer definir
várias regiões reconfiguráveis no FPGA que podem ser dinamicamente reconfiguradas
durante o perĂodo de execução. Esta Ă© uma grande vantagem, porque reduz
os tempos de reconfiguração de módulos reconfiguráveis uma vez que os seus bitstreams
sĂŁo mais pequenos que bitstreams para a plataforma toda. A tecnologia
também permite que nos FPGAs não sejam necessárias áreas lógicas tão grandes,
o que também reduz o consumo de energia da plataforma.
Um hipervisor que suporte RPD traz grandes benefĂcios para o sistema, nomeadamente
melhor uso dos recursos de FPGA, implementação de aceleradores em
hardware dinamicamente reconfiguráveis, e tratamento de falhas no hardware. Se
houverem mĂłdulos que estejam a demonstrar comportamentos inesperados estes
podem ser reconfigurados. O uso de aceleradores reconfiguráveis permite que o
hardware seja adaptável conforme a necessidade destes pelos diferentes sistemas
operativos. A proposta desta dissertação é então estender o µRTZVisor para ter
a capacidade de usar módulos reconfiguráveis por RPD
Software engineering perspectives on physiological computing
Physiological computing is an interesting and promising concept to widen the communication channel between the (human) users and computers, thus allowing an increase of software systems' contextual awareness and rendering software systems smarter than they are today. Using physiological inputs in pervasive computing systems allows re-balancing the information asymmetry between the human user and the computer system: while pervasive computing systems are well able to flood the user with information and sensory input (such as sounds, lights, and visual animations), users only have a very narrow input channel to computing systems; most of the time, restricted to keyboards, mouse, touchscreens, accelerometers and GPS receivers (through smartphone usage, e.g.). Interestingly, this information asymmetry often forces the user to subdue to the quirks of the computing system to achieve his goals -- for example, users may have to provide information the software system demands through a narrow, time-consuming input mode that the system could sense implicitly from the human body. Physiological computing is a way to circumvent these limitations; however, systematic means for developing and moulding physiological computing applications into software are still unknown.
This thesis proposes a methodological approach to the creation of physiological computing applications that makes use of component-based software engineering. Components help imposing a clear structure on software systems in general, and can thus be used for physiological computing systems as well. As an additional bonus, using components allow physiological computing systems to leverage reconfigurations as a means to control and adapt their own behaviours. This
adaptation can be used to adjust the behaviour both to the human and to the available computing environment in terms of resources and available devices - an activity that is crucial for complex physiological computing systems. With the help of components and reconfigurations, it is possible to structure the functionality of physiological computing applications in a way that makes them manageable and extensible, thus allowing a stepwise and systematic extension of a system's intelligence.
Using reconfigurations entails a larger issue, however. Understanding and fully capturing the behaviour of a system under reconfiguration is challenging, as the system may change its structure in ways that are difficult to fully predict. Therefore, this thesis also introduces a means for formal verification of reconfigurations based on assume-guarantee contracts. With the proposed assume-guarantee contract framework, it is possible to prove that a given system design (including component behaviours and reconfiguration specifications) is satisfying real-time properties expressed as assume-guarantee contracts using a variant of real-time linear temporal logic introduced in this thesis - metric interval temporal logic for reconfigurable systems.
Finally, this thesis embeds both the practical approach to the realisation of physiological computing systems and formal verification of reconfigurations into Scrum, a modern and agile software development methodology. The surrounding methodological approach is intended to provide a frame for the systematic development of physiological computing systems from first psychological findings to a working software system with both satisfactory functionality and software quality aspects.
By integrating practical and theoretical aspects of software engineering into a self-contained development methodology, this thesis proposes a roadmap and guidelines for the creation of new physiological computing applications.Physiologisches Rechnen ist ein interessantes und vielversprechendes Konzept zur Erweiterung des Kommunikationskanals zwischen (menschlichen) Nutzern und
Rechnern, und dadurch die Berücksichtigung des Nutzerkontexts in Software-Systemen zu verbessern und damit Software-Systeme intelligenter zu gestalten, als sie es heute sind. Physiologische Eingangssignale in ubiquitären Rechensystemen zu verwenden, ermöglicht eine Neujustierung der Informationsasymmetrie, die heute zwischen Menschen und Rechensystemen existiert: Während ubiquitäre Rechensysteme sehr wohl in der Lage sind, den Menschen mit Informationen und sensorischen Reizen zu überfluten (z.B. durch Töne, Licht und visuelle Animationen), hat der Mensch nur sehr begrenzte Einflussmöglichkeiten zu Rechensystemen. Meistens stehen nur Tastaturen, die Maus, berührungsempfindliche Bildschirme, Beschleunigungsmesser und GPS-Empfänger (zum Beispiel durch Mobiltelefone oder digitale Assistenten) zur Verfügung. Diese Informationsasymmetrie zwingt die Benutzer zur Unterwerfung unter die Usancen der Rechensysteme, um ihre Ziele zu erreichen - zum Beispiel müssen Nutzer Daten manuell eingeben, die auch aus Sensordaten des menschlichen
Körpers auf unauffällige weise erhoben werden können. Physiologisches Rechnen ist eine Möglichkeit, diese Beschränkung zu umgehen. Allerdings fehlt eine systematische Methodik für die Entwicklung physiologischer Rechensysteme bis zu fertiger Software.
Diese Dissertation präsentiert einen methodischen Ansatz zur Entwicklung physiologischer Rechenanwendungen, der auf der komponentenbasierten Softwareentwicklung aufbaut. Der komponentenbasierte Ansatz hilft im Allgemeinen dabei, eine klare Architektur des Software-Systems zu definieren, und kann deshalb auch für physiologische Rechensysteme angewendet werden. Als zusätzlichen Vorteil erlaubt die Komponentenorientierung in physiologischen Rechensystemen, Rekonfigurationen als Mittel zur Kontrolle und Anpassung des
Verhaltens von physiologischen Rechensystemen zu verwenden. Diese Adaptionstechnik kann genutzt werden um das Verhalten von physiologischen Rechensystemen an den Benutzer anzupassen, sowie an die verfügbare Recheninfrastruktur im Sinne von Systemressourcen und Geräten - eine Maßnahme,
die in komplexen physiologischen Rechensystemen entscheidend ist. Mit Hilfe der Komponentenorientierung und von Rekonfigurationen wird es möglich, die Funktionalität von physiologischen Rechensystemen so zu strukturieren, dass das
System wartbar und erweiterbar bleibt. Dadurch wird eine schrittweise und systematische Erweiterung der Funktionalität des Systems möglich.
Die Verwendung von Rekonfigurationen birgt allerdings Probleme. Das Systemverhalten eines Software-Systems, das Rekonfigurationen unterworfen ist zu verstehen und vollständig einzufangen ist herausfordernd, da das System seine Struktur auf schwer vorhersehbare Weise verändern kann. Aus diesem Grund führt diese Arbeit eine Methode zur formalen Verifikation von Rekonfigurationen auf Grundlage von Annahme-Zusicherungs-Verträgen ein. Mit dem vorgeschlagenen Annahme-Zusicherungs-Vertragssystem ist es möglich zu beweisen, dass ein gegebener Systementwurf (mitsamt Komponentenverhalten und Spezifikation des
Rekonfigurationsverhaltens) eine als Annahme-Zusicherungs-Vertrag spezifizierte Echtzeiteigenschaft erfĂĽllt. FĂĽr die Spezifikation von Echtzeiteigenschaften kann eine Variante von linearer Temporallogik fĂĽr Echtzeit verwendet werden, die in dieser Arbeit eingefĂĽhrt wird: Die metrische Intervall-Temporallogik fĂĽr rekonfigurierbare Systeme.
SchlieĂźlich wird in dieser Arbeit sowohl ein praktischer Ansatz zur Realisierung von physiologischen Rechensystemen als auch die formale Verifikation von Rekonfigurationen in Scrum eingebettet, einer modernen und agilen Softwareentwicklungsmethodik. Der methodische Ansatz bietet einen Rahmen fĂĽr die systematische Entwicklung physiologischer Rechensysteme von Erkenntnissen zur menschlichen Physiologie hin zu funktionierenden physiologischen Softwaresystemen mit zufriedenstellenden funktionalen und qualitativen Eigenschaften.
Durch die Integration sowohl von praktischen wie auch theoretischen Aspekten der Softwaretechnik in eine vollständige Entwicklungsmethodik bietet diese Arbeit
einen Fahrplan und Richtlinien fĂĽr die Erstellung neuer physiologischer Rechenanwendungen
Embedded electronic systems driven by run-time reconfigurable hardware
Abstract
This doctoral thesis addresses the design of embedded electronic systems based on run-time reconfigurable hardware technology –available through SRAM-based FPGA/SoC devices– aimed at contributing to enhance the life quality of the human beings. This work does research on the conception of the system architecture and the reconfiguration engine that provides to the FPGA the capability of dynamic partial reconfiguration in order to synthesize, by means of hardware/software co-design, a given application partitioned in processing tasks which are multiplexed in time and space, optimizing thus its physical implementation –silicon area, processing time, complexity, flexibility, functional density, cost and power consumption– in comparison with other alternatives based on static hardware (MCU, DSP, GPU, ASSP, ASIC, etc.). The design flow of such technology is evaluated through the prototyping of several engineering applications (control systems, mathematical coprocessors, complex image processors, etc.), showing a high enough level of maturity for its exploitation in the industry.Resumen
Esta tesis doctoral abarca el diseño de sistemas electrĂłnicos embebidos basados en tecnologĂa hardware dinámicamente reconfigurable –disponible a travĂ©s de dispositivos lĂłgicos programables SRAM FPGA/SoC– que contribuyan a la mejora de la calidad de vida de la sociedad. Se investiga la arquitectura del sistema y del motor de reconfiguraciĂłn que proporcione a la FPGA la capacidad de reconfiguraciĂłn dinámica parcial de sus recursos programables, con objeto de sintetizar, mediante codiseño hardware/software, una determinada aplicaciĂłn particionada en tareas multiplexadas en tiempo y en espacio, optimizando asĂ su implementaciĂłn fĂsica –área de silicio, tiempo de procesado, complejidad, flexibilidad, densidad funcional, coste y potencia disipada– comparada con otras alternativas basadas en hardware estático (MCU, DSP, GPU, ASSP, ASIC, etc.). Se evalĂşa el flujo de diseño de dicha tecnologĂa a travĂ©s del prototipado de varias aplicaciones de ingenierĂa (sistemas de control, coprocesadores aritmĂ©ticos, procesadores de imagen, etc.), evidenciando un nivel de madurez viable ya para su explotaciĂłn en la industria.Resum
Aquesta tesi doctoral estĂ orientada al disseny de sistemes electrònics empotrats basats en tecnologia hardware dinĂ micament reconfigurable –disponible mitjançant dispositius lògics programables SRAM FPGA/SoC– que contribueixin a la millora de la qualitat de vida de la societat. S’investiga l’arquitectura del sistema i del motor de reconfiguraciĂł que proporcioni a la FPGA la capacitat de reconfiguraciĂł dinĂ mica parcial dels seus recursos programables, amb l’objectiu de sintetitzar, mitjançant codisseny hardware/software, una determinada aplicaciĂł particionada en tasques multiplexades en temps i en espai, optimizant aixĂ la seva implementaciĂł fĂsica –à rea de silici, temps de processat, complexitat, flexibilitat, densitat funcional, cost i potència dissipada– comparada amb altres alternatives basades en hardware estĂ tic (MCU, DSP, GPU, ASSP, ASIC, etc.). S’evalĂşa el fluxe de disseny d’aquesta tecnologia a travĂ©s del prototipat de varies aplicacions d’enginyeria (sistemes de control, coprocessadors aritmètics, processadors d’imatge, etc.), demostrant un nivell de maduresa viable ja per a la seva explotaciĂł a la indĂşstria
Validation platform implementation description – D5.2
Deliverable D5.2 del projecte OneFITPostprint (published version
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