THE USAGE OF DIGITAL RESOURCES IN TEACHING AND RESEARCHING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE UNIVERSITY PROJECTS)

The 21st century shifted the world communities to an “electronic” stage of evolution. Drastic changes can be visualized in literature, linguistics and other humanitarian sciences. The greatest attention is paid to the promotion of linguistic researches, which are oriented towards electronic documenting of the language as well as on the intensive usage of digital methodologies and modern technologies. The reliance on these “technics” enables contemporary Georgian scientists to achieve principally new results and verify different models or hypotheses. Despite these circumstances, a lot must be done in the sphere of Kartvelology. The paper presents the university projects, which are oriented towards: involvement of students in researching activities dealing with the corpus-building;promotion of the development of digital Kartvelology; facilitation of creation of Georgian and foreign  scholars’ digital library and  text-corpus;development of Georgian scientific meta-language, etc. Therefore, promotion of digitalization, development of scientific meta-language, facilitation of the preservation of well-known scholars’ works, creation of digital libraries and establishment of modern methods crucial for the promotion of up-to-date teaching processes  – these are the main issues of our paper and  integral problems of today’s educational world. The methodology of research includes observation, analysis and evaluation of ongoing projects and their already-achieved/future outcomes. Certain prospects are visualised.  

ENTERING THE UNITED STATES FROM CENTRAL AMERICA AND MEXICO: SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE WITH UNACCOMPANIED MINORS

Unaccompanied minors from Central America and Mexico have endeavored treacherous journeys to enter the United States for many decades. In recent years, there has been an influx of unaccompanied minors fleeing their native country and arriving at the United States border as a result of poverty, violence, limited prospects and to reunify with their parents. Unaccompanied minors have witnessed and faced adversities, sometimes causing various mental health problems. Providing services to a vulnerable population like unaccompanied minors from Latin America can be challenging. This study explores Department of Child and Family Services (DCFS) social workers’ perceived confidence in working with unaccompanied minors. This study employs an exploratory design and compile qualitative data by interviewing DCFS social workers. The researcher evaluated perceived level of confidence among social workers utilizing thematic analysis. Research findings were compelling and will have significant implications for social work literature, social work programs and policies impacting unaccompanied minors

Flexitarianism (Flexible or Part-Time Vegetarianism): A User-Based Dietary Choice for Improved Wellbeing

Many think that eating meat is nutritionally necessary and beneficial. Industrialising livestock production provides meat that is often “cheaper” than fruit and vegetables. In reality, this has come at a cost for human, animal and ecological welfare. Western mainstream meat consumption is a leading cause of increasing ill-health, diabetes, cancers, non-communicable and chronic diseases, malnourishment, obesity, antibiotic resistance, spread of infectious diseases, hunger and possible global epidemics as well as climate change, biodiversity loss, water and land degradation. Rather than stop this, vested interests continue to promote meat consumption. If people are deliberately misinformed or have no access to reliable information, what chance do they have to make the right food choices? This paper outlines flexitarianism (flexible vegetarianism) as a personal user-driven opportunity to combat the geopolitical and industrial duplicity about meat. Consumers should have enough information about the implications of their nutritional choices. In addition to health benefits, flexitarianism can help mitigate climate change, environmental and social destruction and reduce animal suffering. The proposed information policy interventions are assessed against their impact on key stakeholders and overall value for public health and environmental wellbeing. They offer an opportunity to reclaim personal health and improve the health of the planet

Emotion-aware voice interfaces based on speech signal processing

Voice interfaces (VIs) will become increasingly widespread in current daily lives as AI techniques progress. VIs can be incorporated into smart devices like smartphones, as well as integrated into autos, home automation systems, computer operating systems, and home appliances, among other things. Current speech interfaces, however, are unaware of users’ emotional states and hence cannot support real communication. To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to implement emotional awareness in future VIs. This thesis focuses on how speech signal processing (SSP) and speech emotion recognition (SER) can enable VIs to gain emotional awareness. Following an explanation of what emotion is and how neural networks are implemented, this thesis presents the results of several user studies and surveys. Emotions are complicated, and they are typically characterized using category and dimensional models. They can be expressed verbally or nonverbally. Although existing voice interfaces are unaware of users’ emotional states and cannot support natural conversations, it is possible to perceive users’ emotions by speech based on SSP in future VIs. One section of this thesis, based on SSP, investigates mental restorative effects on humans and their measures from speech signals. SSP is less intrusive and more accessible than traditional measures such as attention scales or response tests, and it can provide a reliable assessment for attention and mental restoration. SSP can be implemented into future VIs and utilized in future HCI user research. The thesis then moves on to present a novel attention neural network based on sparse correlation features. The detection accuracy of emotions in the continuous speech was demonstrated in a user study utilizing recordings from a real classroom. In this section, a promising result will be shown. In SER research, it is unknown if existing emotion detection methods detect acted emotions or the genuine emotion of the speaker. Another section of this thesis is concerned with humans’ ability to act on their emotions. In a user study, participants were instructed to imitate five fundamental emotions. The results revealed that they struggled with this task; nevertheless, certain emotions were easier to replicate than others. A further study concern is how VIs should respond to users’ emotions if SER techniques are implemented in VIs and can recognize users’ emotions. The thesis includes research on ways for dealing with the emotions of users. In a user study, users were instructed to make sad, angry, and terrified VI avatars happy and were asked if they would like to be treated the same way if the situation were reversed. According to the results, the majority of participants tended to respond to these unpleasant emotions with neutral emotion, but there is a difference among genders in emotion selection. For a human-centered design approach, it is important to understand what the users’ preferences for future VIs are. In three distinct cultures, a questionnaire-based survey on users’ attitudes and preferences for emotion-aware VIs was conducted. It was discovered that there are almost no gender differences. Cluster analysis found that there are three fundamental user types that exist in all cultures: Enthusiasts, Pragmatists, and Sceptics. As a result, future VI development should consider diverse sorts of consumers. In conclusion, future VIs systems should be designed for various sorts of users as well as be able to detect the users’ disguised or actual emotions using SER and SSP technologies. Furthermore, many other applications, such as restorative effects assessments, can be included in the VIs system

Educational success of low-income and first generation college students in private colleges of China

In China, low-income and first generation college students in private institutions are faced with adversities which undermine their educational outcome. Since the previous researches are mainly deficit-focused, the researcher conducted an investigation which put emphasis on the students’ successful educational outcome in order to round out the knowledge of this problem. The researcher employed a qualitative multiple case study to explore how three students accomplished educational resilience despite their hardships. The researcher findings suggested that: 1) Internal locus of control, career and academic planning, financial aids, job-related experience, and rational occupational aspiration contribute to students’ educational success; 2) The primary risks that the low-income and first-generation college students undergo in private college are lack of social connection, psychological maladjustment and financial hardships; 3) The protective factors offset the risk and produce educational success; 4) The protective factors contribute to educational resilience by interacting one another. The findings have implications for national policy makers, college administrators and teachers. Future studies are suggested to include students of public institutions and explore the interaction between internal and external protective factors by conducting quantitative design

The Demographic Database — History of Technical and Methodological Achievements

The Demographic Data Base (DDB) at the Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR) at Umeå University has since the 1970s been building longitudinal population databases and disseminating data for research. The databases were built to serve as national research infrastructures, useful for addressing an indefinite number of research questions within a broad range of scientific fields, and open to all academic researchers who wanted to use the data. A countless number of customized datasets have been prepared and distributed to researchers in Sweden and abroad and to date, the research has resulted in more than a thousand published scientific reports, books, and articles within a broad range of academic fields. This article will focus on the development of techniques and methods used to store and structure the data at DDB from the beginning in 1973 until today. This includes digitization methods, database design and methods for linkage. The different systems developed for implementing these methods are also described and to some extent, the hardware used