420,685 research outputs found
The topic-prominence parameter
This article aims to recast the properties of topic-prominent languages and their differences from subject-prominent languages as documented in the functionalist literature into the framework of the Principle-and-Parameter approach. It provides a configurational definition of the topic construction called Topic Phrase (TP), with the topic marker as its head. The availablity of TP enables topic prominent languages to develop various topic structures with properties such as morphological marking; cross-categorial realization of topics and comments; and mutiple application of topicalization. The article elaborates the notion of topic prominence. A topic prominent language is characterized as one that tends to activate the TP and to make full use of the configuration. Typically, it has a larger number and variety of highly grammaticalized topic markers in the Lexicon and permits a variety of syntactic categories to occur in the specifier position and the complement position of TP
The Prominence of Pippin
When building a fictional world as involved and vast as that of J.R.R. Tolkien’s multiple drafts are a must in order to work out the exact details and to make sure that all the possible loose ends are tied up and addressed. Characters can come and go, change in temperaments and in how involved they are when it comes to the story itself. Whereas some characters may start of as highly involved in the plot, they may become nothing other than a supporting character after going through multiple drafting processes. For other characters, however, they may start as a walk-on/walk-off character, acting as nothing more than a device to help the story move along, but then end up becoming a highly important and involved character, detrimental to the good of the story’s outcome. With the vast amount of drafts Tolkien created for the series, his characters were no less subject to the process of creation. As The Lord of the Rings series underwent its development, Pippin grew substantially in his prominence, though his journey of development has different points of emphasis on it when Tolkien’s books and Peter Jackson’s movie adaptations are compared. Through both types of media, Pippin starts off the story as a foolish side character but then becomes a significant figure in the story who is essential in the society of the Shire and in the preservation of Middle Earth’s history
Prominence Mass Supply and the Cavity
A prevalent but untested paradigm is often used to describe the
prominence-cavity system: the cavity is under-dense because it is evacuated by
supplying mass to the condensed prominence. The thermal non-equilibrium (TNE)
model of prominence formation offers a theoretical framework to predict the
thermodynamic evolution of the prominence and the surrounding corona. We
examine the evidence for a prominence-cavity connection by comparing the TNE
model with diagnostics of dynamic extreme ultraviolet emission (EUV)
surrounding the prominence, specifically prominence horns. Horns are correlated
extensions of prominence plasma and coronal plasma which appear to connect the
prominence and cavity. The TNE model predicts that large-scale brightenings
will occur in the SDO/AIA 171\AA\ bandpass near the prominence that are
associated with the cooling phase of condensation formation. In our
simulations, variations in the magnitude of footpoint heating lead to
variations in the duration, spatial scale, and temporal offset between emission
enhancements in the other EUV bandpasses. While these predictions match well a
subset of the horn observations, the range of variations in the observed
structures is not captured by the model. We discuss the implications of our
one-dimensional loop simulations for the three-dimensional time-averaged
equilibrium in the prominence and the cavity. Evidence suggests that horns are
likely caused by condensing prominence plasma, but the larger question of
whether this process produces a density-depleted cavity requires a more tightly
constrained model of heating and better knowledge of the associated magnetic
structure
Prominence and consumer search
This paper examines the implications of “prominence” in search markets. We model prominence by supposing that the prominent firm will be sampled first by all consumers.
If there are no systematic quality differences among firms, we find that the prominent firm will charge a lower price than its non-prominent rivals. The impact of making a
firm prominent is that it will typically lead to higher industry profit but lower consumer surplus and welfare. The model is extended by introducing heterogeneous product
qualities, in which case the firm with the highest-quality product has the greatest incentive to become prominent, and making it prominent will boost industry profit, consumer surplus and welfare
Paying for prominence
We investigate three ways in which firms can become "prominent" and thereby influence the order in which consumers consider options. First, firms can affect an intermediary's sales efforts by means of commission payments. When firms pay commission to a salesman, the salesman promotes the product with the highest commission, and steers ignorant consumers towards the more expensive product. Second, sellers can advertise prices on a price comparison website, so that consumers investigate the suitability of products in order of increasing price. In such a market, equilibrium prices are lower when search costs are higher since a firm's benefit from being investigated first increases with search costs. Finally, consumers might first consider their existing supplier when they purchase a new product, which suggests a relatively benign rationale for the prevalence of cross-selling in markets such as retail banking.Consumer search, e-commerce, price comparison websites, cross-selling, mis-selling, commission sales.
Kinematics and helicity evolution of a loop-like eruptive prominence
We aim at investigating the morphology, kinematic and helicity evolution of a
loop-like prominence during its eruption. We use multi-instrument observations
from AIA/SDO, EUVI/STEREO and LASCO/SoHO. The kinematic, morphological,
geometrical, and helicity evolution of a loop-like eruptive prominence are
studied in the context of the magnetic flux rope model of solar prominences.
The prominence eruption evolved as a height expanding twisted loop with both
legs anchored in the chromosphere of a plage area. The eruption process
consists of a prominence activation, acceleration, and a phase of constant
velocity. The prominence body was composed of left-hand (counter-clockwise)
twisted threads around the main prominence axis. The twist during the eruption
was estimated at 6pi (3 turns). The prominence reached a maximum height of 526
Mm before contracting to its primary location and partially reformed in the
same place two days after the eruption. This ejection, however, triggered a CME
seen in LASCO C2. The prominence was located in the northern periphery of the
CME magnetic field configuration and, therefore, the background magnetic field
was asymmetric with respect to the filament position. The physical conditions
of the falling plasma blobs were analysed with respect to the prominence
kinematics. The same sign of the prominence body twist and writhe, as well as
the amount of twisting above the critical value of 2pi after the activation
phase indicate that possibly conditions for kink instability were present. No
signature of magnetic reconnection was observed anywhere in the prominence body
and its surroundings. The filament/prominence descent following the eruption
and its partial reformation at the same place two days later suggest a confined
type of eruption. The asymmetric background magnetic field possibly played an
important role in the failed eruption.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, in press in A&
- …