9,857 research outputs found

    Situating Daisaku Ikeda’s essential elements of global citizenship within contemporary scholarship: a qualitative meta-synthesis

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    This article reports on meta-synthesis research that examined contemporary scholarship on global citizenship for the purpose of identifying a possible alignment with Daisaku Ikeda’s views on global citizenship. Thirty relatively contemporary scholarly articles on the subject matter were examined using a qualitative meta-synthesis methodology. Ikeda’s speech entitled ‘Thoughts on education for global citizenship’, delivered over 25 years ago at Columbia University’s Teachers College, USA, contains his most frequently cited ideas on the salient conditions required for global citizenship. As Ikeda is a thoughtful and prolific author on the subject of global citizenship, there is merit in exploring the alignment of his ideas about this concept with those articulated in contemporary scholarship. Conducting a meta-synthesis through the lens of Ikeda’s essential elements of global citizenship has helped to identify potentially useful contributions to the global citizenship discourse. This article highlights salient common themes of global citizenship uncovered through the meta-synthesis research, as well as providing an alternative definition of global citizenship gleaned from the findings

    Exploring cognitive mechanisms involved in self-face recognition

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    Due to the own face being a significant stimulus that is critical to one’s identity, the own face is suggested to be processed in a quantitatively different (i.e., faster and better recognition) and qualitatively different (i.e., processed in a more featural manner) manner compared to other faces. This thesis further explored the cognitive mechanisms (perceptual and attentional systems) involved in the processing of the own face. Chapter 2 explored the role of holistic and featural processing involved in the processing of self-face (and other faces) with eye-tracking measures in a passive-viewing paradigm and a face identification task. In the passive-viewing paradigm, the own face was sampled in a more featural manner compared to other faces whereas when asked to identify faces, all faces were sampled in a more holistic manner. Chapter 3 further explored the role of holistic and featural processing in the identification of the own face using the three standard measures of holistic face processing: The face inversion task, the composite face task, and the part-whole task. Compared to other faces, individuals showed a smaller “holistic interference” by a task irrelevant bottom half for the own face in the composite face task and a stronger feature advantage for the own face, but inversion impaired the identification of all faces. These findings suggest that self-face is processed in a more featural manner, but the findings do not deny the role of holistic processing. The final experimental chapter, Chapter 4, explored the modulation effects of cultural differences in one’s self-concept (i.e., independent vs. interdependent self-concept) and a negative self-concept (i.e., depressive traits) on the attentional prioritization for the own face with a visual search paradigm. Findings showed that the attentional prioritization for the own face over an unfamiliar face is not modulated by cultural differences of one’s self-concept nor one’s level of depressive traits, and individuals showed no difference in the attentional prioritization for both the own face and friend’s face, demonstrating no processing advantage for the own face over a personally familiar face. These findings suggests that the attentional prioritization for the own face is better explained by a familiar face advantage. Altogether, the findings of this thesis suggest that the own face is processed qualitatively different compared to both personally familiar and unfamiliar face, with the own face being processed in a more featural manner. However, in terms of quantitative differences, the self-face is processed differently compared to an unfamiliar face, but not to a familiar face. Although the specific face processing strategies for the own face may be due to the distinct visual experience that one has with their face, the attentional prioritization of the own face is however, better explained by a familiar face advantage rather than a self-specificity effect

    Fairness Testing: A Comprehensive Survey and Analysis of Trends

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    Unfair behaviors of Machine Learning (ML) software have garnered increasing attention and concern among software engineers. To tackle this issue, extensive research has been dedicated to conducting fairness testing of ML software, and this paper offers a comprehensive survey of existing studies in this field. We collect 100 papers and organize them based on the testing workflow (i.e., how to test) and testing components (i.e., what to test). Furthermore, we analyze the research focus, trends, and promising directions in the realm of fairness testing. We also identify widely-adopted datasets and open-source tools for fairness testing

    Alles im weißen Bereich?: Institutioneller Rassismus in Sachsen: Erweiterter Tagungsband

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    Die Tagung «Alles im weißen Bereich. Institutioneller Rassismus in Sachsen», die im Februar 2014 stattfand, war die fünfte Tagung in unserer Reihe zu Fragen der Demokratie. Der Gegenstand von Tagung und Sammelband steht für uns einerseits in logischer Reihenfolge bisheriger Fragen und Diskussionen zu den Zuständen Sächsischer Demokratie. Insbesondere war unsere Entscheidung in der Vorbereitung aber auch von der Arbeit der Untersuchungs-ausschüsse zum «NSU» angeregt worden. Ohne den Rassismus, der als grundlegender gesellschaftlicher Wissensbestand existiert, ist die Geschichte und das Versagen des staatlichen Sicherheitsapparates im Zusammenhang mit dem NSU schwer vorstellbar oder nicht möglich. Rassismus ist damit nicht nur das Motiv für die Ermordung von Menschen, sondern auch ein entscheidender Grund dafür, dass diese Morde nicht wirksam verhindert und teilweise nicht oder erst sehr spät aufgeklärt werden können. Diese Feststellung scheint offensichtlich, sie hat sich aber trotz einer breit geführten öffentlichen Debatte und der Arbeit verschiedener Untersuchungsausschüsse als nicht mehrheitsfähig erwiesen. Ebenso wenig konnte Institutioneller Rassismus als Perspektive und Analyseinstrument politisch etabliert werden. Redaktionsschluss: November 201

    Arithmetic aspects of period maps and their special subvarieties

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    Diese Dissertation behandelt arithmetische Eigenschaften von Familien algebraischer Varietäten und deren speziellen Untervarietäten. Im ersten Kapitel definieren wir sogenannte absolut spezielle Untervarietäten mithilfe von Delignes Begriff der absoluten Hodgeklassen. Ausgehend von der Vermutung, dass alle Hodgeklassen absolute Hodgeklassen sind, erwarten wir, dass alle speziellen Untervarietäten absolut speziell sind. Wir beweisen diese Erwartung fßr Untervarietäten, die eine bestimmte Monodromiebedingung erfßllen. Das zweite Kapitel fßhrt eine l-adische Version von speziellen Untervarietäten ein, die wir l-Galois spezielle Untervarietäten nennen. Wir studieren bewiesene und vermutete Eigenschaften dieser Untervarietäten und deren Zusammenhang zur Struktur des l-Galois exzeptionellen Locus und zur Mumford-Tate Vermutung. Im dritten Kapitel beweisen wir eine Rapoport-Zink Uniformisierung fßr den Modulraum der primitiv polarisierten K3 Flächen und kubischen Vierfaltigkeiten mit supersingulärer Reduktion. In beiden Fällen ist der Modulraum uniformisiert von einer explizit definierten rigid analytischen Untervarietät einer lokalen Shimura-Varietät von orthogonalem Typ.This thesis studies arithmetic aspects of families of algebraic varieties and their special subvarieties. In the first part, we use Deligne's framework of absolute Hodge classes to define a notion of absolutely special subvarieties. The conjecture that all Hodge classes are absolute Hodge predicts that every special subvariety is absolutely special. We prove this prediction for subvarieties satisfying a certain monodromy condition. The second part introduces an l-adic analog of special subvarieties that we call l-Galois special subvarieties. We study the properties of these subvarieties and discuss how known and unknown properties of l-Galois special subvarieties are related to the structure of the l-Galois exceptional locus and to the Mumford-Tate conjecture. In the third chapter, we prove a Rapoport-Zink type uniformization result for the moduli space of polarized K3 surfaces and cubic fourfolds. We show that in both cases, the tube over the supersingular locus of the moduli space is uniformized by an explicitly described rigid analytic open subvariety of a local Shimura variety of orthogonal type

    Ab Initio Language Teaching in British Higher Education

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    Drawing extensively on the expertise of teachers of German in universities across the UK, this volume offers an overview of recent trends, new pedagogical approaches and practical guidance for teaching at beginners level in the higher education classroom. At a time when entries for UK school exams in modern foreign languages are decreasing, this book serves the urgent need for research and guidance on ab initio learning and teaching in HE. Using the example of teaching German, it offers theoretical reflections on teaching ab initio and practice-oriented approaches that will be useful for teachers of both German and other languages in higher education. The first chapters assess the role of ab initio provision within the wider context of modern languages departments and language centres. They are followed by sections on teaching methods and innovative approaches in the ab initio classroom that include chapters on the use of music, textbook evaluation, the effective use of a flipped classroom and the contribution of language apps. Finally, the book focuses on the learner in the ab initio context and explores issues around autonomy and learner strengths. The whole builds into a theoretically grounded guide that sketches out perspectives for teaching and learning ab initio languages that will benefit current and future generations of students

    Ideograph: A Language for Expressing and Manipulating Structured Data

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    We introduce Ideograph, a language for expressing and manipulating structured data. Its types describe kinds of structures, such as natural numbers, lists, multisets, binary trees, syntax trees with variable binding, directed multigraphs, and relational databases. Fully normalized terms of a type correspond exactly to members of the structure, analogous to a Church-encoding. Moreover, definable operations over these structures are guaranteed to respect the structures' equivalences. In this paper, we give the syntax and semantics of the non-polymorphic subset of Ideograph, and we demonstrate how it can represent and manipulate several interesting structures.Comment: In Proceedings TERMGRAPH 2022, arXiv:2303.1421

    Do Catholics have an external locus of evaluation? Inauthentic experiences of Catholic guilt in the pursuit of self-forgiveness

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    This two-part mixed methods study investigated emotional response to transgression and selffor-giveness in Catholic individuals in concert with locus of evaluation orientation following a hypothe-sis that Catholics may be particularly unable to find self-forgiveness in the teachings of their reli-gion. Study 1 was a qualitative semi-structured interview with a sample of 20 practicing Catholic participants. Questions focused on the emotive experiences of selfforgiveness and transgressions and the contribution that Catholic practices (prayer and reconciliation) make to the process. Data were analysed using thematic analysis which supported evidence of Catholic guilt but suggested that there may be some inauthenticity and insincerity with which penitents' approach reconciliato-ry practices. Study 2 used a sample of 239 Christian participants in groups of Catholics and Christian non-Catholics. Participants responded to two psychometric questionnaires: the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, and the Locus of Evaluation Inventory. Followed by two additional questions pertaining to self-forgiveness experiences, and one question requiring participants to prioritise types of forgiveness. The results found no difference between Catholics and non-Catholics in their response to self-forgiveness or locus of evaluation orientation. However, in non-Catholic Christians but not in Catholics, the frequency of religious practice correlated with higher total forgiveness and its subscales (including self-forgiveness), with more internal locus of evaluation, and with lower self-regard, suggesting that church attendance does not relate to the propensity for self-forgiveness in Catholic individuals

    Strategies for Early Learners

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    Welcome to learning about how to effectively plan curriculum for young children. This textbook will address: • Developing curriculum through the planning cycle • Theories that inform what we know about how children learn and the best ways for teachers to support learning • The three components of developmentally appropriate practice • Importance and value of play and intentional teaching • Different models of curriculum • Process of lesson planning (documenting planned experiences for children) • Physical, temporal, and social environments that set the stage for children’s learning • Appropriate guidance techniques to support children’s behaviors as the self-regulation abilities mature. • Planning for preschool-aged children in specific domains including o Physical development o Language and literacy o Math o Science o Creative (the visual and performing arts) o Diversity (social science and history) o Health and safety • Making children’s learning visible through documentation and assessmenthttps://scholar.utc.edu/open-textbooks/1001/thumbnail.jp
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