10,012 research outputs found
Quantum surveillance and 'shared secrets'. A biometric step too far? CEPS Liberty and Security in Europe, July 2010
It is no longer sensible to regard biometrics as having neutral socio-economic, legal and political impacts. Newer generation biometrics are fluid and include behavioural and emotional data that can be combined with other data. Therefore, a range of issues needs to be reviewed in light of the increasing privatisation of ‘security’ that escapes effective, democratic parliamentary and regulatory control and oversight at national, international and EU levels, argues Juliet Lodge, Professor and co-Director of the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence at the University of Leeds, U
Pseudo Identities Based on Fingerprint Characteristics
This paper presents the integrated project TURBINE which is funded under the EU 7th research framework programme. This research is a multi-disciplinary effort on privacy enhancing technology, combining innovative developments in cryptography and fingerprint recognition. The objective of this project is to provide a breakthrough in electronic authentication for various applications in the physical world and on the Internet. On the one hand it will provide secure identity verification thanks to fingerprint recognition. On the other hand it will reliably protect the biometric data through advanced cryptography technology. In concrete terms, it will provide the assurance that (i) the data used for the authentication, generated from the fingerprint, cannot be used to restore the original fingerprint sample, (ii) the individual will be able to create different "pseudo-identities" for different applications with the same fingerprint, whilst ensuring that these different identities (and hence the related personal data) cannot be linked to each other, and (iii) the individual is enabled to revoke an biometric identifier (pseudo-identity) for a given application in case it should not be used anymore
Conceivable security risks and authentication techniques for smart devices
With the rapidly escalating use of smart devices and fraudulent transaction of users’ data from their devices, efficient and reliable techniques for authentication of the smart devices have become an obligatory issue. This paper reviews the security risks for mobile devices and studies several authentication techniques available for smart devices. The results from field studies enable a comparative evaluation of user-preferred authentication mechanisms and their opinions about reliability, biometric authentication and visual authentication techniques
Ensuring patients privacy in a cryptographic-based-electronic health records using bio-cryptography
Several recent works have proposed and implemented cryptography as a means to
preserve privacy and security of patients health data. Nevertheless, the
weakest point of electronic health record (EHR) systems that relied on these
cryptographic schemes is key management. Thus, this paper presents the
development of privacy and security system for cryptography-based-EHR by taking
advantage of the uniqueness of fingerprint and iris characteristic features to
secure cryptographic keys in a bio-cryptography framework. The results of the
system evaluation showed significant improvements in terms of time efficiency
of this approach to cryptographic-based-EHR. Both the fuzzy vault and fuzzy
commitment demonstrated false acceptance rate (FAR) of 0%, which reduces the
likelihood of imposters gaining successful access to the keys protecting
patients protected health information. This result also justifies the
feasibility of implementing fuzzy key binding scheme in real applications,
especially fuzzy vault which demonstrated a better performance during key
reconstruction
THRIVE: Threshold Homomorphic encryption based secure and privacy preserving bIometric VErification system
In this paper, we propose a new biometric verification and template
protection system which we call the THRIVE system. The system includes novel
enrollment and authentication protocols based on threshold homomorphic
cryptosystem where the private key is shared between a user and the verifier.
In the THRIVE system, only encrypted binary biometric templates are stored in
the database and verification is performed via homomorphically randomized
templates, thus, original templates are never revealed during the
authentication stage. The THRIVE system is designed for the malicious model
where the cheating party may arbitrarily deviate from the protocol
specification. Since threshold homomorphic encryption scheme is used, a
malicious database owner cannot perform decryption on encrypted templates of
the users in the database. Therefore, security of the THRIVE system is enhanced
using a two-factor authentication scheme involving the user's private key and
the biometric data. We prove security and privacy preservation capability of
the proposed system in the simulation-based model with no assumption. The
proposed system is suitable for applications where the user does not want to
reveal her biometrics to the verifier in plain form but she needs to proof her
physical presence by using biometrics. The system can be used with any
biometric modality and biometric feature extraction scheme whose output
templates can be binarized. The overall connection time for the proposed THRIVE
system is estimated to be 336 ms on average for 256-bit biohash vectors on a
desktop PC running with quad-core 3.2 GHz CPUs at 10 Mbit/s up/down link
connection speed. Consequently, the proposed system can be efficiently used in
real life applications
A Formal Study of the Privacy Concerns in Biometric-Based Remote Authentication Schemes
With their increasing popularity in cryptosystems, biometrics have attracted more and more attention from the information security community. However, how to handle the relevant privacy concerns remains to be troublesome. In this paper, we propose a novel security model to formalize the privacy concerns in biometric-based remote authentication schemes. Our security model covers a number of practical privacy concerns such as identity privacy and transaction anonymity, which have not been formally considered in the literature. In addition, we propose a general biometric-based remote authentication scheme and prove its security in our security model
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