11,991 research outputs found
Protostellar Feedback in Turbulent Fragmentation: Consequences for Stellar Clustering and Multiplicity
Stars are strongly clustered on both large (~pc) and small (~binary) scales,
but there are few analytic or even semi-analytic theories for the correlation
function and multiplicity of stars. In this paper we present such a theory,
based on our recently-developed semi-analytic framework called MISFIT, which
models gravito-turbulent fragmentation, including the suppression of
fragmentation by protostellar radiation feedback. We compare the results
including feedback to a control model in which it is omitted. We show that both
classes of models robustly reproduce the stellar correlation function at >0.01
pc scales, which is well approximated by a power-law that follows generally
from scale-free physics (turbulence plus gravity) on large scales. On smaller
scales protostellar disk fragmentation becomes dominant over common core
fragmentation, leading to a steepening of the correlation function.
Multiplicity is more sensitive to feedback: we found that a model with the
protostellar heating reproduces the observed multiplicity fractions and mass
ratio distributions for both Solar and sub-Solar mass stars (in particular the
brown dwarf desert), while a model without feedback fails to do so. The model
with feedback also produces an at-formation period distribution consistent with
the one inferred from observations. However, it is unable to produce
short-range binaries below the length scale of protostellar disks. We suggest
that such close binaries are produced primarily by disk fragmentation and
further decrease their separation through orbital decay.Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRA
The Impact of Heavy Nuclei on the Cosmogenic Neutrino Flux
As ultra-high energy cosmic ray protons propagate through the universe, they
undergo photo-meson interactions with the cosmic microwave background,
generating the `cosmogenic' neutrino flux. If a substantial fraction of the
cosmic ray primaries are heavy nuclei rather than protons, however, they would
preferentially lose energy through photo-disintegration, so the corresponding
neutrino flux may be substantially depleted. We investigate this issue using a
Monte Carlo simulation of cosmic ray propagation through interagalactic
radiation fields and assess the impact of the altered neutrino fluxes on next
generation neutrino telescopes.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures; results revised to account for numerical error
in propagation Monte Carlo, no significant change in conclusion
Satellite abundances around bright isolated galaxies
We study satellite galaxy abundances in SDSS by counting photometric galaxies
around isolated bright primaries. We present results as a function of the
luminosity, stellar mass and colour of the satellites, and of the stellar mass
and colour of the primaries. For massive primaries the luminosity and stellar
mass functions of satellites are similar in shape to those of field galaxies,
but for lower mass primaries they are significantly steeper. The steepening is
particularly marked for the stellar mass function. Satellite abundance
increases strongly with primary stellar mass, approximately in proportion to
expected dark halo mass. Massive red primaries have up to a factor of 2 more
satellites than blue ones of the same stellar mass. Satellite galaxies are
systematically redder than field galaxies of the same stellar mass. Satellites
are also systematically redder around more massive primaries. At fixed primary
mass, they are redder around red primaries. We select similarly isolated
galaxies from mock catalogues based on the simulations of Guo et al.(2011) and
analyze them in parallel with the SDSS data. The simulation reproduces all the
above trends qualitatively, except for the steepening of the satellite
luminosity and stellar mass functions. Model satellites, however, are
systematically redder than in the SDSS, particularly at low mass and around
low-mass primaries. Simulated haloes of a given mass have satellite abundances
that are independent of central galaxy colour, but red centrals tend to have
lower stellar masses, reflecting earlier quenching of their star formation by
feedback. This explains the correlation between satellite abundance and primary
colour in the simulation. The correlation between satellite colour and primary
colour arises because red centrals live in haloes which are more massive, older
and more gas-rich, so that satellite quenching is more efficient.Comment: 29 pages, 24 figure
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