9 research outputs found

    The role of morphology of the thumb in anthropomorphic grasping : a review

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    The unique musculoskeletal structure of the human hand brings in wider dexterous capabilities to grasp and manipulate a repertoire of objects than the non-human primates. It has been widely accepted that the orientation and the position of the thumb plays an important role in this characteristic behavior. There have been numerous attempts to develop anthropomorphic robotic hands with varying levels of success. Nevertheless, manipulation ability in those hands is to be ameliorated even though they can grasp objects successfully. An appropriate model of the thumb is important to manipulate the objects against the fingers and to maintain the stability. Modeling these complex interactions about the mechanical axes of the joints and how to incorporate these joints in robotic thumbs is a challenging task. This article presents a review of the biomechanics of the human thumb and the robotic thumb designs to identify opportunities for future anthropomorphic robotic hands

    A low-cost linkage-spring-sendon-integrated compliant anthropomorphic robotic hand : MCR-Hand III

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    This paper presents the design, analysis and development of an anthropomorphic robotic hand, i.e. MCR-Hand III. Based on the investigation of human hand anatomical structure and the related existing robotic hands, mechanical design of the MCR-Hand III is presented. Then, a detailed introduction for mechanical compliance of the hand is provided, which is achieved through the combinations of springs with four-bar 4R linkages and tendons. Using D-H convention, kinematics and force analysis of the hand are formulated and illustrated with numerical simulations, laying background for comparison and evaluation. Subsequently, a prototype of the proposed robotic hand is developed, and fingertip force calibration and validation are conducted. Further, a three-stage algorithm for object stiffness identification and adaptive grasping is proposed and evaluated, and grasping evaluation based on the Cutkosky taxonomy with additional deformable object lifting operation and piano manipulation is carried out. The proposed MCR-Hand III costs less than $800 and is hence affordable for wider applications. The experimental results indicate that the proposed hands are capable of implementing the grasp and manipulation for most of the objects used in daily life

    Design and development of an anthropomorphic metamorphic robotic hand

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    This work presents analysis of the 4-fingered robotic hand and is a continuation of the Bachelor’s thesis “Design and Development of an Anthropomorphic Metamorphic Robotic Hand”. First, general comparison between scientific and commercial robotic hands is introduced. Specification and structure of the hands are studied. Noted tendencies are discussed. After that, kinematic analysis of the proposed manipulator is produced. Based on kinematics, dynamic model of the hand is investigated and then programmed in MatLab software for numerical simulations. Therefore, description of capabilities and properties of the proposed robotic hand is given. In addition, control techniques are discussed and SimMechanics tool of the MatLab software is used for providing supplementary data. In the end, FEA of vulnerable areas is examined

    Sustaining Emotional Communication when Interacting with an Android Robot

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    Adaptive robust interaction control for low-cost robotic grasping

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    Robotic grasping is a challenging area in the field of robotics. When a gripper starts interacting with an object to perform a grasp, the mechanical properties of the object (stiffness and damping) will play an important role. A gripper which is stable in isolated conditions, can become unstable when coupled to an object. This can lead to the extreme condition where the gripper becomes unstable and generates excessive or insufficient grip force resulting in the grasped object either being crushed, or falling and breaking. In addition to the stability issue, grasp maintenance is one of the most important requirements of any grasp where it guarantees a secure grasp in the presence of any unknown disturbance. The term grasp maintenance refers to the reaction of the controller in the presence of external disturbances, trying to prevent any undesired slippage. To do so, the controller continuously adjusts the grip force. This is a challenging task as it requires an accurate model of the friction and object’s weight to estimate a sufficient grip force to stop the object from slipping while incurring minimum deformation. Unfortunately, in reality, there is no solution which is able to obtain the mechanical properties, frictional coefficient and weight of an object before establishing a mechanical interaction with it. External disturbance forces are also stochastic meaning they are impossible to predict. This thesis addresses both of the problems mentioned above by:Creating a novel variable stiffness gripper, capable of grasping unknown objects, mainly those found in agricultural or food manufacturing companies. In addition to the stabilisation effect of the introduced variable stiffness mechanism, a novel force control algorithm has been designed that passively controls the grip force in variable stiffness grippers. Due to the passive nature of the suggested controller, it completely eliminates the necessity for any force sensor. The combination of both the proposed variable stiffness gripper and the passivity based control provides a unique solution for the stable grasp and force control problem in tendon driven, angular grippers.Introducing a novel active multi input-multi output slip prevention algorithm. The algorithm developed provides a robust control solution to endow direct drive parallel jaw grippers with the capability to stop held objects from slipping while incurring minimum deformation; this can be done without any prior knowledge of the object’s friction and weight. The large number of experiments provided in this thesis demonstrate the robustness of the proposed controller when controlling parallel jaw grippers in order to quickly grip, lift and place a broad range of objects firmly without dropping or crushing them. This is particularly useful for teleoperation and nuclear decommissioning tasks where there is often no accurate information available about the objects to be handled. This can mean that pre-programming of the gripper is required for each different object and for high numbers of objects this is impractical and overly time-consuming. A robust controller, which is able to compensate for any uncertainties regarding the object model and any unknown external disturbances during grasping, is implemented. This work has advanced the state of the art in the following two main areas: Direct impedance modulation for stable grasping in tendon driven, angular grippers. Active MIMO slip prevention grasp control for direct drive parallel jaw grippers

    MUSME 2011 4 th International Symposium on Multibody Systems and Mechatronics

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    El libro de actas recoge las aportaciones de los autores a través de los correspondientes artículos a la Dinámica de Sistemas Multicuerpo y la Mecatrónica (Musme). Estas disciplinas se han convertido en una importante herramienta para diseñar máquinas, analizar prototipos virtuales y realizar análisis CAD sobre complejos sistemas mecánicos articulados multicuerpo. La dinámica de sistemas multicuerpo comprende un gran número de aspectos que incluyen la mecánica, dinámica estructural, matemáticas aplicadas, métodos de control, ciencia de los ordenadores y mecatrónica. Los artículos recogidos en el libro de actas están relacionados con alguno de los siguientes tópicos del congreso: Análisis y síntesis de mecanismos ; Diseño de algoritmos para sistemas mecatrónicos ; Procedimientos de simulación y resultados ; Prototipos y rendimiento ; Robots y micromáquinas ; Validaciones experimentales ; Teoría de simulación mecatrónica ; Sistemas mecatrónicos ; Control de sistemas mecatrónicosUniversitat Politècnica de València (2011). MUSME 2011 4 th International Symposium on Multibody Systems and Mechatronics. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/13224Archivo delegad

    Conception, analyse et optimisation de méthodes de préhension et de mains mécaniques épicycloïdales pour la prise d'objets plats partiellement contraints

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    Dans les applications robotiques, la plupart des préhenseurs sont plus apparentés à des outils qui sont spécialisés pour effectuer une tâche extrêmement bien plutôt que d’effectuer une variété de tâches et de simplement les réussir. C’est dans cette optique que les travaux rapportés dans cette thèse proposent des solutions de préhension. Premièrement, des méthodes générales sont proposées pour permettre de prendre un type d’objets qui est généralement impossible à prendre pour les préhenseurs simples. Par la suite sont présentés les mécanismes planétaires qui sont au cœur des assemblages subséquents. Ces mécanismes sont utilisés pour améliorer les débattements des doigts et ainsi rendent possible un premier design pouvant prendre des petits et grands objets reposant sur des surfaces dures. Par la suite est présenté la conception d’un préhenseur complet qui inclut les propriétés du premier préhenseur mais aussi des propriétés de prises parallèles qui sont considérées comme indispensables pour être en mesure de saisir une grande panoplie d’objets. Finalement, le design du préhenseur proposé est optimisé et des capteurs y sont intégrés pour tenter de produire un design complet et sécuritaire pouvant être utilisé de manière simple par une grande panoplie de robots.Most robotic grippers excel at completing one task but are ill suited for completing many and very different tasks. It is with this fact in mind that this thesis proposes general solutions to the grasping problem. First, general methods are proposed that aim at picking small flat objects that could not otherwise be grasped by simple mechanical grippers. Planetary mechanisms are then proposed to increase the range of motion of the finger joints, hence providing a way to achieve the necessary properties to build and test a finger capable of grasping small flat objects lying on hard surfaces. A complete gripper design is then proposed and built. The novel design that includes the features of the previous design is also capable of performing parallel grasps which are considered essential to be able to grasp a wide range of unknown objects. Finally, the gripper design is optimised and sensing apparatus is included in the gripper to provide a gripper that is considered a complete solution to grasping and is simple to use on a wide range of robots
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