Evaluation of Blasting Efficiency in Surface Mines

Drilling and blasting are the major unit operations in opencast mining. In spite of the best efforts to introduce mechanization in the opencast mines, blasting continue to dominate the production. Beside the production in open cast mining blasting and vibration also cause environmental problem. In bench blast design, not only the technical and economic aspects, such as block size, uniformity and cost, but also the elimination of environmental problems resulting from ground vibration, air blast and fly rock should be taken into consideration. The evaluation of ground vibration components plays an important role in the minimization of the environmental complaints. Odisha is rich in iron ore deposit and the mines invariably need blasting for loosen the rock mass. These are frequent complaints from the people surrounding the zone about adverse effect of blasting. This study is an attempt to evaluate same of those aspects. Two active iron ore mine have been considered for the analysis of ground vibration, air over pressure, flyrock as well as fragmentation parameters. There exist a few established approaches as USBM, Langefors-Kilstrom, Ambraseys-Hendron, Indian standard and CMRI to predict those. In this investigation the utility of those approaches are evaluated. It was observed that the two region Koira and Daitarido not confirm strongly to the five approaches. Artificial neural network is a technique that is gain wide acceptance even in heterogeneous condition. This study also finds that the prediction by ground vibration, air over pressure and fly rock by ANN would be better alternative. Model equation has also been developed with ANN approach. Mutual relations between stemming length, depth, fragmentation size, powder factor, explosive charge have also been determined

Mathematical Problems in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

With increasing requirements for energy, resources and space, rock engineering projects are being constructed more often and are operated in large-scale environments with complex geology. Meanwhile, rock failures and rock instabilities occur more frequently, and severely threaten the safety and stability of rock engineering projects. It is well-recognized that rock has multi-scale structures and involves multi-scale fracture processes. Meanwhile, rocks are commonly subjected simultaneously to complex static stress and strong dynamic disturbance, providing a hotbed for the occurrence of rock failures. In addition, there are many multi-physics coupling processes in a rock mass. It is still difficult to understand these rock mechanics and characterize rock behavior during complex stress conditions, multi-physics processes, and multi-scale changes. Therefore, our understanding of rock mechanics and the prevention and control of failure and instability in rock engineering needs to be furthered. The primary aim of this Special Issue “Mathematical Problems in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering” is to bring together original research discussing innovative efforts regarding in situ observations, laboratory experiments and theoretical, numerical, and big-data-based methods to overcome the mathematical problems related to rock mechanics and rock engineering. It includes 12 manuscripts that illustrate the valuable efforts for addressing mathematical problems in rock mechanics and rock engineering

Advanced Sensing, Fault Diagnostics, and Structural Health Management

Advanced sensing, fault diagnosis, and structural health management are important parts of the maintenance strategy of modern industries. With the advancement of science and technology, modern structural and mechanical systems are becoming more and more complex. Due to the continuous nature of operation and utilization, modern systems are heavily susceptible to faults. Hence, the operational reliability and safety of the systems can be greatly enhanced by using the multifaced strategy of designing novel sensing technologies and advanced intelligent algorithms and constructing modern data acquisition systems and structural health monitoring techniques. As a result, this research domain has been receiving a significant amount of attention from researchers in recent years. Furthermore, the research findings have been successfully applied in a wide range of fields such as aerospace, manufacturing, transportation and processes

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Civil Engineering

This open access book is a collection of accepted papers from the 8th International Conference on Civil Engineering (ICCE2021). Researchers and engineers have discussed and presented around three major topics, i.e., construction and structural mechanics, building materials, and transportation and traffic. The content provide new ideas and practical experiences for both scientists and professionals