478,705 research outputs found
Timing and Virtual Observability in Ultimatum Bargaining and "Weak Link" Coordination Games
Previous studies have shown that simply knowing one player moves first can affect behavior in games, even when the first-mover's moves are known to be unobservable. This observation violates the game-theoretic principle that timing of unobserved moves is irrelevant, but is consistent with virtual observability, a theory of how timing can matter without the ability to observe actions. However, this previous research only shows that timing matters in games where knowledge that one player moved first can help select that player's preferred equilibrium, presenting an alternative explanation to virtual observability. We extend this work by varying timing of unobservable moves in ultimatum bargaining games and âweak linkâ coordination games. In the latter, the equilibrium selection explanation does not predict any change in behavior due to timing differences. We find that timing without observability affects behavior in both games, but not substantially
Staggered local density-of-states around the vortex in underdoped cuprates
We have studied a single vortex with the staggered flux (SF) core based on
the SU(2) slave-boson theory of high superconductors. We find that
whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as one moves away from the
core center, a correlated staggered modulation of the hopping amplitude
and pairing amplitude becomes predominant. We predict that in this
region, the local density-of-states (LDOS) exhibits staggered modulation when
measured on the bonds, which may be directly detected by STM experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Unsupervised Discovery of Parts, Structure, and Dynamics
Humans easily recognize object parts and their hierarchical structure by
watching how they move; they can then predict how each part moves in the
future. In this paper, we propose a novel formulation that simultaneously
learns a hierarchical, disentangled object representation and a dynamics model
for object parts from unlabeled videos. Our Parts, Structure, and Dynamics
(PSD) model learns to, first, recognize the object parts via a layered image
representation; second, predict hierarchy via a structural descriptor that
composes low-level concepts into a hierarchical structure; and third, model the
system dynamics by predicting the future. Experiments on multiple real and
synthetic datasets demonstrate that our PSD model works well on all three
tasks: segmenting object parts, building their hierarchical structure, and
capturing their motion distributions.Comment: ICLR 2019. The first two authors contributed equally to this wor
Treatment of Epsilon-Moves in Subset Construction
The paper discusses the problem of determinising finite-state automata
containing large numbers of epsilon-moves. Experiments with finite-state
approximations of natural language grammars often give rise to very large
automata with a very large number of epsilon-moves. The paper identifies three
subset construction algorithms which treat epsilon-moves. A number of
experiments has been performed which indicate that the algorithms differ
considerably in practice. Furthermore, the experiments suggest that the average
number of epsilon-moves per state can be used to predict which algorithm is
likely to perform best for a given input automaton
Residential Mobility During Adolescence: Even Upward Moves Predict High School Dropout
Racial and economic segregation have long endured as systemic challenges in U.S. metropolitan areas. To combat the inequalities of segregation, two broad policy approaches have emerged: (1) preservation stresses investment in low-income neighborhoods, and (2) mobility stresses moving households in low-income areas to more affluent areas. Our recent study reveals some possible unintended consequences of the latter approach, particularly for adolescents. We find that moving during adolescence is associated with decreased odds of graduating from high school, even when moving to significantly higher income neighborhoods
Computational investigations of folded self-avoiding walks related to protein folding
Various subsets of self-avoiding walks naturally appear when investigating
existing methods designed to predict the 3D conformation of a protein of
interest. Two such subsets, namely the folded and the unfoldable self-avoiding
walks, are studied computationally in this article. We show that these two sets
are equal and correspond to the whole -step self-avoiding walks for
, but that they are different for numerous ,
which are common protein lengths. Concrete counterexamples are provided and the
computational methods used to discover them are completely detailed. A tool for
studying these subsets of walks related to both pivot moves and proteins
conformations is finally presented.Comment: Not yet submitte
Prediction Possibility in the Fractal Overlap Model of Earthquakes
The two-fractal overlap model of earthquake shows that the contact area
distribution of two fractal surfaces follows power law decay in many cases and
this agrees with the Guttenberg-Richter power law. Here, we attempt to predict
the large events (earthquakes) in this model through the overlap time-series
analysis. Taking only the Cantor sets, the overlap sizes (contact areas) are
noted when one Cantor set moves over the other with uniform velocity. This
gives a time series containing different overlap sizes. Our numerical study
here shows that the cumulative overlap size grows almost linearly with time and
when the overlapsizes are added up to a pre-assigned large event (earthquake)
and then reset to `zero' level, the corresponding cumulative overlap sizes
grows upto some discrete (quantised) levels. This observation should help to
predict the possibility of `large events' in this (overlap) time series.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures. To be published as proc. NATO conf. CMDS-10,
Soresh, Israel, July 2003. Eds. D. J. Bergman & E. Inan, KLUWER PUB
- âŠ