Immigration and Local Urban Participatory Democracy: A Boston-Paris Comparison

This paper deals with a comparison of two governmental initiatives in the direction of immigrants – the Mayor’s Office of New Bostonians (Boston, 1998) and Conseil de la Citoyenneté des Parisiens Non-Communautaires (Paris, 2001). In both cities, local political leaders justify their politics by referring to “participatory democracy” as a way to facilitate the inclusion of immigrants into city policy-making. Beyond this rhetorical convergence, we find crucial divergences about these politicians’ respective actual goals and method of functioning : the experience is relatively positive in Boston, whereas the Parisian one is a patent failure. We can underline these differences notably by advancing the following hypothesis: MONB, as a city department, has managed to build a partnership with civil society, particularly with ethnic grassroots organisations, whereas in Paris, the Socialist Party's top-down CCPNC - a consultative council - is part of a political communication that is destined to its Green political allies and to public opinion at large.Urban politics, Immigration, USA/France

Music 2025 : The Music Data Dilemma: issues facing the music industry in improving data management

© Crown Copyright 2019Music 2025ʼ investigates the infrastructure issues around the management of digital data in an increasingly stream driven industry. The findings are the culmination of over 50 interviews with high profile music industry representatives across the sector and reflects key issues as well as areas of consensus and contrasting views. The findings reveal whilst there are great examples of data initiatives across the value chain, there are opportunities to improve efficiency and interoperability

Unpacking Knowing Integration: A Practice-based Study in Haute Cuisine

Nous proposons d'analyser l'intégration des connaissances à la source d'un avantage concurrentiel avec une approche pratique des organisations. Alors que la littérature s'est focalisée sur le transfert de connaissances et les relations entre communautés par le biais des objets frontière, nous considérons les relations intra-communauté et la façon dont les acteurs mobilisent, restructurent et créent des connaissances pour l'action. Dans une perspective pratique, la dynamique des connaissances est un phénomène situé dans un contexte social donné. Nous nous appuyons sur une phase empirique qualitative, par l'analyse de l'intégration des connaissances lors de la création de nouveaux plats au sein des équipes de cuisiniers de restaurants tri-étoilés.Apprentissage ; Avantage concurrentiel ; Connaissance ; Créativité ; Gastronomie ; Integration ; Transfert

A process centred perspective of the creative industries : an analytical model for management

This dissertation adopts a process-centred perspective of understanding the economic model of the creative industries, so as to explore how can one build an analytical model that can be useful for improving management practices in those industries. The point of departure to address the research question was to review the debate around the definition of creative industries; then followed a discussion on the development of a framework for the understanding of the creative industries process-centred perspective; finally an assessment of the creative industries’ economic model from the management perspective was done via a value-chain analysis, in order to discuss the implications of the process-centred perspective for management and for public policy design. The research developed allowed the proposal of an analytical model that revealed the importance of operationalizing the understanding of value-creation through creativity in management practices. It also emphasized the challenge in balancing open-ended processes with the firm’s commercial purposes, by managing intangible aspects of the creative process and the engagement of the creative workers into the creative process. The analytical model developed may be helpful for managers insofar as it offers a disaggregation of the companies’ activities by focusing on the assessment of how the creative process can recursively occur in the company as a production process. Moreover it may help on the identification of the core-activities and the assessment of the main components of those activities. The research done intends to contribute to the understanding of how the creative industries work and to the development of good management practices in the sector. Thus, it also suggests that it would be interesting to develop research on a theoretical revision of the components of the creative industries’ economic model and on a proper comparative analysis of the model delivered at an inter-sector, an inter-temporal and at a subsector level. By advancing an analytical model for creative industries that is focused on its usefulness for management, it indicates areas of interest for empirical research

Unpacking Knowing Integration: A Practice-based Study in Haute Cuisine

Within a practice-based approach of organizations, we explore the knowing integration phenomena at the roots of competitive advantage. While former knowing integration studies have pointed to the importance of boundary objects across occupational communities, knowing integration inside a community to ground competitive advantage remains to be explored. How do individuals integrate their knowing in practice, in complex and important situations in order to contribute to competitive advantage for the firm? We ground our analysis on the ethnographic study of performed tasks in new dishes creation in two gourmet restaurants. We trace individual knowing in this creation to highlight how a new dish emerges from knowing integration, based on our understanding of knowing as processual, social, and situated. We propose a model of knowing integration as a combination of three phenomena: comprehending, interpreting and explicitating. We show that integration leads to the development of new dishes while knowing remains largely individual. We therefore suggest that there exists a clear distinction between knowing integration and knowledge sharing or transfer. We also contribute to a clearer delineation between integration and explicitation, the latter being only one and secondary means to achieve the former. Our study advances practice-based studies of organizations by highlighting the central role of integration in knowing dynamics and by bridging micro and macro perspectives on practice.Combination; Competitive Advantage; Integration; Knowledge; Learning; Restaurants; Transfer

Distributing intelligence and organizing diversity in new media projects

This paper examines how web design firms in thenew media industry probe and experiment with possible formsand sources of value giving shape to the new economy. Focusingon the collaborative engineering of cross-disciplinary webdesignproject teams, we examine how websites emerge asprovisional settlements among the heterogeneous disciplinesas they negotiate working compromises across competingperformance criteria.Cet article examine comment les entreprises de web designexplorent et essayent les formes et sources de valeur qui configurent lanouvelle économie. L’analyse est concentrée sur le génie collaboratifdes équipes transdisciplinaires de web design, pour examiner commentles websites émergent en tant que des ententes provisoires entredisciplines hétérogènes danss la mesure où ils négocient des solutionsde compromis entre critères de performance em compétitionEste artigo examina como as empresas de web designexploram e experimentam formas e fontes de valor que configuram anova economia. Centrando o foco na engenharia cooperativa de equipestransdisciplinares de web design, examina-se a emergência de sitescomo acordos provisórios entre disciplinas heterogêneas, na medidaem que negociam soluções de compromisso entre critérios dedesempenho em competiçã

Understanding eINVs through the lens of prior research in entrepreneurship, international business and international entrepreneurship

In this chapter we examine the growing phenomenon of internet-based international new ventures, which we label “eINVS,” through the lens of previous research in the fields of entre- preneurship, international business and international entrepreneurship. Our purpose is to iden- tify where these existing bodies of research help us to understand eINVs, and where there are gaps that constitute important questions for future research. We define an eINV by adapting a widely used definition of international new ventures (INV) (Oviatt and McDougall 2005: 5): an eINV is a venture whose business model is enabled by a digital platform and that, from incep- tion, seeks to derive significant competitive advantage from international growth. With a focus explicitly on how extant research helps us understand eINVs, this review differs from that of Reuber and Fischer (2011b), who focus on firm-level internet-related resources that are related to the internationalization of ventures in general; that of Pezderka and Sinkovics (2011), who focus on risk and the online foreign market entry decisions of small and medium-sized enter- prises (SMEs); and that of Chandra and Coviello (2010), who focus on consumers using the internet to pursue international opportunities

Digital Opportunity Initiative for Pakistan

“People lack many things: jobs, shelter, food, health care and drinkable water. Today, being cut off from basic telecommunications services is a hardship almost as acute as these other deprivations, and may indeed reduce the chances of finding remedies to them”. By these remarks at Telecom 99 in Geneva, Switzerland, UN Secretary General Kofi Anan warned of the danger of excluding the world’s poor from the information revolution. Although the world has seen exponential progress in terms of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, genetic engineering, neural networks, neurolinguistic programming, information technology management, telematics and infonomics, trade liberalisation, space exploration—but on ground the very pace and velocity of knowledge-driven growth has left a giant crevice between the information haves and the information have-nots, giving birth to a nomenclature called—the Digital Divide. Today information has become the most vibrant force and factor of production in the new economy contrary to the four traditional factors of production. Information has become the most important source of economic activity and the link which drives the info-hungry entrepreneurs to utilise the four factors of production in the optimal manner. Not land, not labour, not capital has done for an entrepreneur which the information alone has done. The world has seen a paradigm shift from scarce economic resources to the Age of Abundance—where plenty of information is available!