17,724 research outputs found
Shape and deformation measurement using heterodyne range imaging technology
Range imaging is emerging as a promising alternative technology for applications that require non-contact visual inspection of object deformation and shape. Previously, we presented a solid-state full-field heterodyne range imaging device capable of capturing three-dimensional images with sub-millimetre range resolution. Using a heterodyne indirect time-of-flight configuration, this system simultaneously measures distance (and intensity), for each pixel in a cameras field of view. In this paper we briefly describe our range imaging system, and its principle of operation. By performing measurements on several metal objects, we demonstrate the potential capabilities of this technology for surface profiling and deformation measurement. In addition to verifying system performance, the reported examples highlight some important system limitations. With these in mind we subsequently discuss the further developments required to enable the use of this device as a robust and practical tool in non-destructive testing and measurement applications
Frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR compressive depth-mapping
We present an inexpensive architecture for converting a frequency-modulated
continuous-wave LiDAR system into a compressive-sensing based depth-mapping
camera. Instead of raster scanning to obtain depth-maps, compressive sensing is
used to significantly reduce the number of measurements. Ideally, our approach
requires two difference detectors. % but can operate with only one at the cost
of doubling the number of measurments. Due to the large flux entering the
detectors, the signal amplification from heterodyne detection, and the effects
of background subtraction from compressive sensing, the system can obtain
higher signal-to-noise ratios over detector-array based schemes while scanning
a scene faster than is possible through raster-scanning. %Moreover, we show how
a single total-variation minimization and two fast least-squares minimizations,
instead of a single complex nonlinear minimization, can efficiently recover
high-resolution depth-maps with minimal computational overhead. Moreover, by
efficiently storing only data points from measurements of an
pixel scene, we can easily extract depths by solving only two linear equations
with efficient convex-optimization methods
Tomographic laser absorption spectroscopy using Tikhonov regularization
The application of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) to
flames with non-homogeneous temperature and concentration fields is an area
where only few studies exist. Experimental work explores the performance of
tomographic reconstructions of concentration and temperature profiles from
wavelength-modulated TDLAS measurements within the plume of an axisymmetric
McKenna burner. Water vapor transitions at 1391.67 nm and 1442.67 nm are probed
using calibration free wavelength modulation spectroscopy with second harmonic
detection (WMS-2f). A single collimated laser beam is swept parallel to the
burner surface, where scans yield pairs of line-of-sight (LOS) data at multiple
radial locations. Radial profiles of absorption data are reconstructed using
Tikhonov regularized Abel inversion, which suppresses the amplification of
experimental noise that is typically observed for reconstructions with high
spatial resolution. Based on spectral data, temperatures and concentrations are
calculated point-by-point. Here, a least-squares approach addresses
difficulties due to modulation depths that cannot be universally optimized due
to a non-uniform domain. Experimental results show successful reconstructions
of temperature and concentration profiles based on two-transition,
non-optimally modulated WMS-2f and Tikhonov regularized Abel inversion, and
thus validate the technique as a viable diagnostic tool for flame measurements.Comment: This paper was published in Applied Optics and is made available as
an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at
the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.008095.
Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via
electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under la
Heterodyne range imaging as an alternative to photogrammetry
Solid-state full-field range imaging technology, capable of determining the distance to objects in a scene simultaneously for every pixel in an image, has recently achieved sub-millimeter distance measurement precision. With this level of precision, it is becoming practical to use this technology for high precision three-dimensional metrology applications. Compared to photogrammetry, range imaging has the advantages of requiring only one viewing angle, a relatively short measurement time, and simplistic fast data processing. In this paper we fist review the range imaging technology, then describe an experiment comparing both photogrammetric and range imaging measurements of a calibration block with attached retro-reflective targets. The results show that the range imaging approach exhibits errors of approximately 0.5 mm in-plane and almost 5 mm out-of-plane; however, these errors appear to be mostly systematic. We then proceed to examine the physical nature and characteristics of the image ranging technology and discuss the possible causes of these systematic errors. Also discussed is the potential for further system characterization and calibration to compensate for the range determination and other errors, which could possibly lead to three-dimensional measurement precision approaching that of photogrammetry
Solving ptychography with a convex relaxation
Ptychography is a powerful computational imaging technique that transforms a
collection of low-resolution images into a high-resolution sample
reconstruction. Unfortunately, algorithms that are currently used to solve this
reconstruction problem lack stability, robustness, and theoretical guarantees.
Recently, convex optimization algorithms have improved the accuracy and
reliability of several related reconstruction efforts. This paper proposes a
convex formulation of the ptychography problem. This formulation has no local
minima, it can be solved using a wide range of algorithms, it can incorporate
appropriate noise models, and it can include multiple a priori constraints. The
paper considers a specific algorithm, based on low-rank factorization, whose
runtime and memory usage are near-linear in the size of the output image.
Experiments demonstrate that this approach offers a 25% lower background
variance on average than alternating projections, the current standard
algorithm for ptychographic reconstruction.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
Demodulation of Spatial Carrier Images: Performance Analysis of Several Algorithms Using a Single Image
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11340-013-9741-6#Optical full-field techniques have a great importance in modern experimental mechanics. Even if they are reasonably spread among the university laboratories, their diffusion in industrial companies remains very narrow for several reasons, especially a lack of metrological performance assessment. A full-field measurement can be characterized by its resolution, bias, measuring range, and by a specific quantity, the spatial resolution. The present paper proposes an original procedure to estimate in one single step the resolution, bias and spatial resolution for a given operator (decoding algorithms such as image correlation, low-pass filters, derivation tools ...). This procedure is based on the construction of a particular multi-frequential field, and a Bode diagram representation of the results. This analysis is applied to various phase demodulating algorithms suited to estimate in-plane displacements.GDR CNRS 2519 âMesures de Champs et Identification en MĂ©canique des Solide
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