Analisa Dan Simulasi Kegagalan Handover Pada Sistem CDMA 2000 1x Pada Arah FOrward Link

ABSTRAKSI: Sejalan dengan berkembangnya teknologi seluler di Indonesia, saat ini teknologi seluler berbasis CDMA2000 1X telah menjamur di Indonesia. Berdasarkan generasinya, teknologi CDMA2000 1X merupakan evolusi dari CDMA 2000, diklasifikasikan sebagai teknologi seluler generasi ketiga (3G), dengan Bandwidth 1.25 Mhz. Pengembangan dan penggunaan teknik multiple access CDMA dalam komunikasi selluler didasari oleh pertimbangan meningkatnya kebutuhan komunikasi seluler. Kapasitas kanal system seluler yang sudah diterapkan selama ini mulai mengalami keterbatasan, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kegagalan proses pemindahan kanal suara (Handover).Adapun kegagalan proses handover disebabkan karena adanya kesalahan transmisi dari arah forward link dan reverse link. Pada tugas akhir ini hanya membahas dari arah forward link dengan memfokuskan keterbatasan kanal yang tersedia 41 kanal tiap BS, Receive Signal Level (RSL) yang kurang bagus ditinjau dari segi transmisi, kanal pilot pada tipe internal handover pada 1 BSCBeberapa parameter-parameter yang akan dibahas pada tugas akhir ini meliputi Forward Link Budget, Energy Bit to Noise Ratio (Eb/No), Ec/Io, Power Control pada Forward Link dengan MAPL 146.055dB dan Traffic voice. Melalui penelitian ini dapat diketahui penyebab terjadinya kegagalan handover dilihat dari sisi transmisi, dimana 4 user mengalami pilot pollution dan traffic voice, pada 7(tujuh) cell site yang berdekatan dengan jari-jari site 1.15 km, dalam 1kluster dalam 1BSC ditinjau dari arah forward link.Kata Kunci : Handover, Eb/No, traffic, CDMA 2000 1XABSTRACT: As long as cellular technology growth in Indonesian, in this time cellular technology in CDMA 2000 1X have been spread in Indonesian segment market. Based on its generation, technology of CDMA 2000 1X constitute evolution from CDMA 2000 1X, classified as 3G cellular technology with bandwidth 1.25 Mhz. Growing and using CDMA multiple access technique in cellular communication necessaries. The capacity channel of cellular system that have realized limitation, so that cause handover failure.Handover failure due to an error due to transmission from the forward link and reverse link. At this final project only discuss about forward link with focus on the limited available channel 41 channel each BS, Receive Signal Level (RSL), which is less good review in terms of transmission, the pilot channel on internal handover type in 1 BSC.Some of the parameters which will be discussed at the end of this task includes the Forward Link Budget, Bit Energy to Noise Ratio (Eb / No), Ec / Io, Power Control on Forward Link with MAPL 146.055dB and Traffic voice. Through this research can be the cause of a failure Handover views of the transmission, which have 4 pilot pollution experienced user and voice traffic on the 7 (seven) cell site near the site fingers 1:15 km, in 1kluster in 1BSC review of the forward link directionKeyword: Handover,Eb/No,traffic,CDMA20001

Analisa Dan Simulasi Kegagalan Internal Handover Pada Sistem CDMA 2000 1x Pada Arah Reverse Link

ABSTRAKSI: Sejalan dengan berkembangnya teknologi seluler di Indonesia, saat ini teknologi seluler berbasis CDMA2000 1X telah mulai memasuki pangsa pasar di Indonesia. Berdasarkan generasinya, teknologi CDMA2000 1X merupakan evolusi dari CDMA 2000, diklasifikasikan sebagai teknologi seluler generasi ketiga (3G), dengan Bandwidth 1.25 Mhz. Pengembangan dan penggunaan teknik multiple access CDMA dalam komunikasi selluler didasari oleh pertimbangan meningkatnya kebutuhan komunikasi seluler. Kapasitas kanal system seluler yang sudah diterapkan selama ini mulai mengalami keterbatasan, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kegagalan proses pemindahan kanal suara (Handover).Adapun kegagalan proses handover disebabkan karena adanya kesalahan transmisi dari arah forward link dan reverse link. Pada umumnya sering terjadi kesalahan pada reverse link. Pada tugas akhir ini hanya membahas dari arah reverse link dengan memfokuskan keterbatasan kanal yang tersedia dan Receive Signal Level (RSL) yang kurang bagus ditinjau dari segi transmisi nya.Beberapa parameter-parameter yang dibahas pada tugas akhir ini meliputi Reverse Link Budget (RSL), Energy Bit to Noise Ratio (Eb/No), Power Control pada Reverse Link dan Traffic voice. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat diketahui penyebab terjadinya kegagalan handover dilihat dari sisi transmisi dan trafik voice pada beberapa cell site di antara dua BTS yang berdekatan ditinjau dari arah reverse link.Kata Kunci : Handover,Eb/No, RSL, traffic, CDMA 2000 1XABSTRACT: As long as cellular technology growth in Indoesian, in this time cellular technology in CDMA 2000 1X have started to come in Indonesian segment market. Based on its generation, technology of CDMA 2000 1X constitute evolution from CDMA 2000 1X, classificated as 3G cellular technology with bandwidth 1.25 Mhz. Growing and using CDMA multiple access technique in cellular communication necessaries. The capacity channel of cellular system that have realized limiation, so that cause handover failure.Failure handover process is caused by transmission mistake from forward link and reverse link. In usually often happened mistake from reverse link. In this final project only discusss about reverse link with focus in channel limitaion and Reverse Link Budget from transmission segment.Some of parameters that will be discussed in this final project consist of Reverse Link Budget (RSL), Energy per Bit to Noise ratio (Eb/No), Power Control in reverse link and traffic voice. From this observation can be known about handover failure causing from transmission section and traffic voice to some of cell site between two adjacent BTS from reverse link.Keyword: Handover,Eb/No, RSL, traffic, CDMA 2000 1

Cell sleeping for energy efficiency in cellular networks: Is it viable?

An approach advocated in the recent literature for reducing energy consumption in cellular networks is to put base stations to sleep when traffic loads are low. However, several practical considerations are ignored in these studies. In this paper, we aim to raise questions on the feasibility and benefits of base station sleeping. Specifically we analyze the interference and capacity of a coverage-based energy reduction system in CDMA based cellular networks using a simple analytical model and show that sleeping may not be a feasible solution to reduce energy consumption in many scenarios. © 2012 IEEE

On soft/hard handoff for packet data services in cellular CDMA mobiles systems

Benefits of macrodiversity operation for packet data services in third generation mobile systems are not obvious. Retransmission procedures to enhance link performance and higher downlink bandwidth requirements could question macrodiversity usage. This paper describes a simple methodology to compare soft and hard handoff performance in terms of transmission delay for packet data services. The handover procedures are based exclusively on power criteria and hysteresis margins.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Cellular Underwater Wireless Optical CDMA Network: Potentials and Challenges

Underwater wireless optical communications is an emerging solution to the expanding demand for broadband links in oceans and seas. In this paper, a cellular underwater wireless optical code division multiple-access (UW-OCDMA) network is proposed to provide broadband links for commercial and military applications. The optical orthogonal codes (OOC) are employed as signature codes of underwater mobile users. Fundamental key aspects of the network such as its backhaul architecture, its potential applications and its design challenges are presented. In particular, the proposed network is used as infrastructure of centralized, decentralized and relay-assisted underwater sensor networks for high-speed real-time monitoring. Furthermore, a promising underwater localization and positioning scheme based on this cellular network is presented. Finally, probable design challenges such as cell edge coverage, blockage avoidance, power control and increasing the network capacity are addressed.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure