Multiplicity of positive solutions for second-order three-point boundary value problems

AbstractWe study the multiplicity of positive solutions for the second-order three-point boundary value problem u″+λh(t)f(u)=0, t∈(0,1), u(0)=0, αu(η)=u(1)where η: 0 < η < 1, 0 < α < 1η. The methods employed are fixed-point index theorems and Leray-Schauder degree and upper and lower solutions

Existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to three-point boundary value problems for second order impulsive differential equations

Using a fixed point theorem of generalized concave operators, we present in this paper criteria which guarantee the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to three-point boundary value problems for second order impulsive differential equations

Multiple positive solutions for boundary value problems of second-order differential equations system on the half-line

In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions for boundary value problems of second-order differential equations system with integral boundary condition on the half-line. By using a three functionals fixed point theorem in a cone and a fixed point theorem in a cone due to Avery-Peterson, we show the existence of at least two and three monotone increasing positive solutions with suitable growth conditions imposed on the nonlinear terms

Existence results for a class of even-order boundary value problems.

This thesis focuses on establishing the existence of positive solutions to even-order boundary value problems... Similar problems have been considered by other authors. What distinguishes this work is the method employed: Beginning with a transformation of the problem into a system of second-order differential equations satisfying homogeneous boundary conditions, the work culminates in successive applications of the Guo-Krasnosel'skii Fixed Point Theorem giving at least three positive solutions. This method is based on the work of Marcos, Lorca, and Ubilla, who developed the technique to establish existence results for a class of fourth-order boundary value problems; however, the general framework under which this thesis operates is more accurately attributed to Hopkins, who extended the method to even-order problems on both continuous and discrete domains. Future work could seek to further demonstrate the broad applicability of the method by considering more challenging boundary conditions, by generalizing the results to time scales, or by utilizing different fixed point theorems in order to characterize solutions further

Triple positive solutions for nonlinear boundary value problems in Banach space

AbstractIn this paper, by applying two pairs of lower and upper solutions method and the topological degree theory of strict-set-contractions, the existence of at least three positive solutions to m-point boundary value problems for second order ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces is obtained

Positive solutions for multi point impulsive boundary value problems on time scales

In this paper, we consider nonlinear second-order multi-point impulsive boundary value problems on time scales. We establish the criteria for the existence of at least one, two and three positive solutions by using the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem, the Avery-Henderson fixed point theorem and the five functional fixed point theorem, respectively. An example that supports the theoretical results is also provided

Improving Results on Solvability of a Class of nth-Order Linear Boundary Value Problems

Copyright © 2016 P. Almenar and L. Jodar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution ´ License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.[EN] This paper presents a modification of a recursive method described in a previous paper of the authors, which yields necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of a class of �th-order linear boundary value problems, in the form of integral inequalities. Such a modification simplifies the assessment of the conditions on restricting the inequality to be verified to a single point instead of the full interval where the boundary value problem is defined. The paper also provides an error bound that needs to be considered in the integral inequalities of the previous paper when they are calculated numericallyThis work has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad Grant MTM2013-41765-P.Almenar, P.; Jódar Sánchez, LA. (2016). Improving Results on Solvability of a Class of nth-Order Linear Boundary Value Problems. International Journal of Differential Equations. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3750530S10Almenar, P., & Jódar, L. (2015). Solvability ofNth Order Linear Boundary Value Problems. International Journal of Differential Equations, 2015, 1-19. doi:10.1155/2015/230405Keener, M. S., & Travis, C. C. (1978). Positive Cones and Focal Points for a Class of nth Order Differential Equations. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 237, 331. doi:10.2307/1997625Gentry, R. D., & Travis, C. C. (1976). Comparison of eigenvalues associated with linear differential equations of arbitrary order. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 223, 167-167. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1976-0425241-xSchmitt, K., & Smith, H. L. (1978). Positive solutions and conjugate points for systems of differential equations. Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications, 2(1), 93-105. doi:10.1016/0362-546x(78)90045-7Tomastik, E. C. (1983). Comparison Theorems for Second Order Nonselfadjoint Differential Systems. SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, 14(1), 60-65. doi:10.1137/0514005Hankerson, D., & Henderson, J. (1990). Positive Solutions and Extremal Points for Differential Equations. Applicable Analysis, 39(2-3), 193-207. doi:10.1080/00036819008839980Eloe, P. W., Hankerson, D., & Henderson, J. (1992). Positive solutions and conjugate points for multipoint boundary value problems. Journal of Differential Equations, 95(1), 20-32. doi:10.1016/0022-0396(92)90041-kEloe, P. W., & Henderson, J. (1993). Focal Points and Comparison Theorems for a Class of Two Point Boundary Value Problems. Journal of Differential Equations, 103(2), 375-386. doi:10.1006/jdeq.1993.1055Eloe, P. W., & Henderson, J. (1994). Focal Point Characterizations and Comparisons for Right Focal Differential Operators. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 181(1), 22-34. doi:10.1006/jmaa.1994.1003Eloe, P. ., Henderson, J., & Thompson, H. . (2000). Extremal points for impulsive Lidstone boundary value problems. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 32(5-6), 687-698. doi:10.1016/s0895-7177(00)00165-5Eloe, P. W., & Ahmad, B. (2005). Positive solutions of a nonlinear nth order boundary value problem with nonlocal conditions. Applied Mathematics Letters, 18(5), 521-527. doi:10.1016/j.aml.2004.05.009Graef, J. R., & Yang, B. (2006). Positive solutions to a multi-point higher order boundary value problem. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 316(2), 409-421. doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.04.049Graef, J. R., Kong, L., & Wang, H. (2008). Existence, multiplicity, and dependence on a parameter for a periodic boundary value problem. Journal of Differential Equations, 245(5), 1185-1197. doi:10.1016/j.jde.2008.06.012Zhang, X., Feng, M., & Ge, W. (2009). Existence and nonexistence of positive solutions for a class of nth-order three-point boundary value problems in Banach spaces. Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications, 70(2), 584-597. doi:10.1016/j.na.2007.12.028Zhang, P. (2011). Iterative Solutions of Singular Boundary Value Problems of Third-Order Differential Equation. Boundary Value Problems, 2011, 1-10. doi:10.1155/2011/483057Sun, Y., Sun, Q., & Zhang, X. (2014). Existence and Nonexistence of Positive Solutions for a Higher-Order Three-Point Boundary Value Problem. Abstract and Applied Analysis, 2014, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2014/513051Hao, X., Liu, L., & Wu, Y. (2015). Iterative solution to singular nth-order nonlocal boundary value problems. Boundary Value Problems, 2015(1). doi:10.1186/s13661-015-0393-6Eloe, P. W., & Ridenhour, J. (1994). Sign Properties of Green’s Functions for a Family of Two-Point Boundary Value Problems. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 120(2), 443. doi:10.2307/2159880Hämmerlin, G., & Hoffman, K.-H. (1991). Numerical Mathematics. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4442-

Systems of φ-Laplacian three-point boundary-value problems on the positive half-line

We study the existence of positive solutions to boundary-value problems for two systems of two second-order nonlinear three-point φ-Laplacian equations defined on the positive half line. The nonlinearities may change sign, exhibit time singularities at the origin, and depend both on the solutions and on their first derivatives. Using the fixed-point theory, we prove some results on the existence of nontrivial positive solutions on appropriate cones in some weighted Banach spaces.Вивчається iснування додатних розв’язкiв граничних задач для двох систем двох нелiнiйних триточкових φ-лапласових рiвнянь другого порядку, що визначенi на додатнiй пiвосi. Нелiнiйностi можуть змiнювати знак, мати часовi сингулярностi на початку координат та залежати, як вiд розв’язкiв, так i вiд їх перших похiдних. Теорiю нерухомих точок застосовано для доведення деяких результатiв щодо iснування нетривiальних додатнiх розв’язкiв на вiдповiдних конусах в деяких звaжених банахових просторах