4,554 research outputs found
A Survey of Location Prediction on Twitter
Locations, e.g., countries, states, cities, and point-of-interests, are
central to news, emergency events, and people's daily lives. Automatic
identification of locations associated with or mentioned in documents has been
explored for decades. As one of the most popular online social network
platforms, Twitter has attracted a large number of users who send millions of
tweets on daily basis. Due to the world-wide coverage of its users and
real-time freshness of tweets, location prediction on Twitter has gained
significant attention in recent years. Research efforts are spent on dealing
with new challenges and opportunities brought by the noisy, short, and
context-rich nature of tweets. In this survey, we aim at offering an overall
picture of location prediction on Twitter. Specifically, we concentrate on the
prediction of user home locations, tweet locations, and mentioned locations. We
first define the three tasks and review the evaluation metrics. By summarizing
Twitter network, tweet content, and tweet context as potential inputs, we then
structurally highlight how the problems depend on these inputs. Each dependency
is illustrated by a comprehensive review of the corresponding strategies
adopted in state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, we also briefly review two
related problems, i.e., semantic location prediction and point-of-interest
recommendation. Finally, we list future research directions.Comment: Accepted to TKDE. 30 pages, 1 figur
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âSoftware agents and haunted media : the twitter bot as political actor"
This report examines the rhetorical construction of Twitter bots as nonhuman political agents in press coverage of the 2016 U.S. election. It takes the rhetorical framing of âthe Twitter botâ as a case study to argue that Twitter bots are a contemporary example of what media historian Jeffrey Sconce calls âhaunted mediaâ -- a communication technology that has been culturally ascribed an âuncannyâ âagency.â First, this report provides a comparative close reading of two pieces from The Atlantic and The New York Times as examples of mainstream press coverage of bots shortly before and after the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Second, drawing on Sconceâs analysis of nineteenth and twentieth century media ecologies, it argues that âthe Twitter botâ has been rhetorically constructed as haunted media through discourses that are inseparable from larger political narratives. The third and final section speculates on possible theoretical frameworks to expand this project in further inquiries. This report aims to demonstrate that haunted media narratives predate and persist beyond a specific election cycle or medium, and to argue that the construction of âhaunted mediaâ occurs alongside constructed concepts of democracy in our technologically mediated society. In doing so, this report contributes to the field of rhetoric of digital technology by bringing it further into conversation with political rhetoric.Englis
Geography and art: encountering place across disciplines
This article summarises a project undertaken at the Newton Park campus of Bath Spa University over 1 week in October 2015. The project provided a space for interdisciplinary collaborations between geography and art students to explore the commonalities and differences in how they saw, interpreted and creatively re-presented the campus, using a variety of methods. This article outlines the project and reflects on the processes, outcomes, and challenges of collaboration. It highlights how this approach can enhance student learning experiences, by facilitating more interdisciplinary collaboration across the sciences, arts and humanities, and social sciences. In doing so, it explores the potential and pitfalls of collaborative cultural geography in practice across disciplines
Characterizing Collective Attention via Descriptor Context: A Case Study of Public Discussions of Crisis Events
Social media datasets make it possible to rapidly quantify collective
attention to emerging topics and breaking news, such as crisis events.
Collective attention is typically measured by aggregate counts, such as the
number of posts that mention a name or hashtag. But according to rationalist
models of natural language communication, the collective salience of each
entity will be expressed not only in how often it is mentioned, but in the form
that those mentions take. This is because natural language communication is
premised on (and customized to) the expectations that speakers and writers have
about how their messages will be interpreted by the intended audience. We test
this idea by conducting a large-scale analysis of public online discussions of
breaking news events on Facebook and Twitter, focusing on five recent crisis
events. We examine how people refer to locations, focusing specifically on
contextual descriptors, such as "San Juan" versus "San Juan, Puerto Rico."
Rationalist accounts of natural language communication predict that such
descriptors will be unnecessary (and therefore omitted) when the named entity
is expected to have high prior salience to the reader. We find that the use of
contextual descriptors is indeed associated with proxies for social and
informational expectations, including macro-level factors like the location's
global salience and micro-level factors like audience engagement. We also find
a consistent decrease in descriptor context use over the lifespan of each
crisis event. These findings provide evidence about how social media users
communicate with their audiences, and point towards more fine-grained models of
collective attention that may help researchers and crisis response
organizations to better understand public perception of unfolding crisis
events.Comment: ICWSM 202
Startup communities: notes on the sociality of tech-entrepreneurs in Manchester
In this contribution I explore the conflicting moralities and practices of technology entrepreneurship through the lenses of Mary Douglasâ Grid-Group Cultural Theory. Starting from the distinction between communitarian, individualistic and hierarchical culture, I explore my empirical material drawn from ethnographic fieldwork in Manchester, UK. In particular, I describe the sociality of young male tech-entrepreneurs at networking events, âcofficesâ and coworkspaces around an urban âcreative quarterâ. I argue that âstartup communitiesâ simultaneously encourage individualistic market-competition, contribute to feelings of local group-belonging and are narrative constructions promoted by entrepreneurs, corporations and the State.Universidad de Sevill
Social Media and the Construction and Propagation of Populist-Nationalist Discourse
The growing overlap between three important phenomenaâthe increasingly widespread use of social media (especially as a tool for political communication), the current populist zeitgeist (as described by Cas Mudde), and the rise of right-wing nationalismâmake the question of how social media can be employed as a platform for the amplification of populist-nationalist discourse particularly pressing. This paper explores the affordances of social media that allow for its employment in the creation and propagation of populist-nationalist discourse, particularly the elective affinity between social media and populism, the way that social media can provide a platform for the emotive element of populist-nationalist discourse, and how social media can facilitate the amplification of conspiratorial thinking (characteristic of right-wing populism). To further elucidate this theoretical discussion, this paper will also explore Donald Trumpâs online discourse surrounding the 2018 migrant caravan as a case study. Ultimately, this paper highlights how social media has provided an effective medium for the increasing interplay between nationalist and populist discourse
Crowdsourcing the Reputation of Martin Luther King: Twitter as a Place of Memory
This dissertation develops the idea of crowdsourced memory. The term captures three important developments in the conceptualization, technological delivery, and analytical study of public memory. In terms of conceptualization, a crowdsourcing approach recognizes that the remembering of the past is an inherently collective and often competitive enterprise in which the public participates in the co-construction of memory and the meanings of memorial landscapes and places. A crowdsourcing approach also recognizes the growing influence of the Internet and social media as not just a means of communication, but also a system of cultural and place representation, as well as, a memory technologyâa way of expressing views about the past, but also a way of recording the history of place experiences at places devoted to the past. The posting of experiences and opinions through platforms, such as, Twitter have dramatically expanded public expression and contribution to the project of remembering, interpreting, and re-interpreting the past. Finally, a crowdsourcing approach represents a new methodology that recognizes social media posts provide an important source of not only quantitative, but also meaningful qualitative data for scholars to understand how the legacy and reputation of individuals and organizations are communicated, consumed, and co-constructed by the public. This dissertation also employs qualitative geographic information sciences to examine the locational variation of the themes associated with each Tweet. This dissertation applies a crowdsource approach based on critical race theory to understand the reputational politics that surround the annual holiday dedicated to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr
Marketing, art and voices of dissent: promotional methods of protest art by the 2014 Hong Kongâs Umbrella Movement
Limited research exists around the interrelationships between protest camps and marketing practices. In this paper, we focus on the 2014 Hong Kong protest camps as a context where artistic work was innovatively developed and imaginatively promoted to draw global attention. Collecting and analyzing empirical data from the Umbrella Movement, our findings explore the interrelationships between arts marketing technologies and the creativity and artistic expression of the protest camps so as to inform, update and rethink arts marketing theory itself. We discuss how protesters used public space to employ inventive methods of audience engagement, participation and co-creation of artwork, together with media art projects which aimed not only to promote their collective aims but also to educate and inform citizens. While some studies have already examined the function of arts marketing beyond traditional and established artistic institutions, our findings offer novel insights into the promotional techniques of protest art within the occupied space of a social movement. Finally, we suggest avenues for future research around the artwork of social movements that could highlight creative and political aspects of (arts) marketing theory
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