2,375 research outputs found

    Implementation of the general regulation on data protection– In the intermunicipal community of Douro, Portugal

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    The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a European Union law that came into force in May 2018 and aims to ensure the protection of EU citizens’ personal data. The GDPR sets out a number of obligations for organiza tions processing personal data, including obtaining data subjects’ explicit consent to process their data, ensuring that data is only used for specific purposes and implementing appropriate security measures to protect data. The regulation also gives data subjects the right to request access to, correct or delete their personal data, as well as the right to object to the processing of their data and data porta bility. The GDPR applies to all organizations that process personal data of EU citizens, regardless of their location, and has significant global reach, affecting businesses around the world that handle personal data of individuals in the EU. In this context, this study focused more specifically on the area covered by the Intermunicipal Community of Douro (CimDouro) in order to assess the state of implementation of the GDPR in Local Public Administration, particularly in the municipalities that constitute this Cim.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Uma oficina de matemática no ensino básico por meio da criptografia

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    This monograph addresses cryptography and its application in elementary and high school, th- rough the proposition of a workshop. In view of the importance of cryptography in maintaining security and privacy in all technological operations of everyday life, the theme is approached as enabling the association between theory and reality, in order to expand the student’s knowledge and motivate him to understand contents mathematicians, thus culminating in more didactic learning. In this way, practicable cryptographic methods in Basic Education will be displayed, using functions and matrices, a brief recap about their history and their operation through keys. Finally, the activity developed is presented and the results obtained after the execution in two classes of Basic Education are displayed.A presente monografia aborda a criptografia e sua aplicac ̧ao no Ensino Fundamental e M ̃ edio, ́ por meio da proposic ̧ao e desenvolvimento de uma oficina. Tendo em vista a import ̃ ancia da ˆ criptografia na manutenc ̧ao da seguranc ̧a e privacidade em todas as operac ̧ ̃ oes tecnol ̃ ogicas ́ do cotidiano, o tema e abordado como possibilitador da associac ̧ ́ ao entre teoria e realidade, ̃ com o objetivo de ampliar o conhecimento do aluno e motiva-lo a compreender conte ́ udos ma- ́ tematicos, culminando assim, em um aprendizado mais did ́ atico. Dessa forma, ser ́ ao exibidos ̃ metodos criptogr ́ aficos pratic ́ aveis no Ensino B ́ asico, utilizando func ̧ ́ oes e matrizes, uma breve ̃ recapitulac ̧ao acerca da sua hist ̃ oria e seu funcionamento por interm ́ edio de chaves. Posteri- ́ ormente, a oficina e apresentada por meio da metodologia utilizada para sua organizac ̧ ́ ao, que ̃ consiste de tres momentos distintos: abordagem hist ˆ orica, exemplificac ̧ ́ ao/revis ̃ ao de conte ̃ udo ́ e pratica. Por fim, os resultados obtidos por meio de question ́ ario e relato pessoal, ap ́ os sua ́ execuc ̧ao em duas turmas do Ensino B ̃ asico, s ́ ao exibidos.

    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 251, ITCS 2023, Complete Volum

    La traduzione specializzata all’opera per una piccola impresa in espansione: la mia esperienza di internazionalizzazione in cinese di Bioretics© S.r.l.

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    Global markets are currently immersed in two all-encompassing and unstoppable processes: internationalization and globalization. While the former pushes companies to look beyond the borders of their country of origin to forge relationships with foreign trading partners, the latter fosters the standardization in all countries, by reducing spatiotemporal distances and breaking down geographical, political, economic and socio-cultural barriers. In recent decades, another domain has appeared to propel these unifying drives: Artificial Intelligence, together with its high technologies aiming to implement human cognitive abilities in machinery. The “Language Toolkit – Le lingue straniere al servizio dell’internazionalizzazione dell’impresa” project, promoted by the Department of Interpreting and Translation (Forlì Campus) in collaboration with the Romagna Chamber of Commerce (Forlì-Cesena and Rimini), seeks to help Italian SMEs make their way into the global market. It is precisely within this project that this dissertation has been conceived. Indeed, its purpose is to present the translation and localization project from English into Chinese of a series of texts produced by Bioretics© S.r.l.: an investor deck, the company website and part of the installation and use manual of the Aliquis© framework software, its flagship product. This dissertation is structured as follows: Chapter 1 presents the project and the company in detail; Chapter 2 outlines the internationalization and globalization processes and the Artificial Intelligence market both in Italy and in China; Chapter 3 provides the theoretical foundations for every aspect related to Specialized Translation, including website localization; Chapter 4 describes the resources and tools used to perform the translations; Chapter 5 proposes an analysis of the source texts; Chapter 6 is a commentary on translation strategies and choices

    The association between pre-operative pain experience and post-operative pain in patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery: a descriptive-comparative study

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    Aims: The purpose of the rapid review was to summarize and aggregate information for researchers and clinicians about predisposing factors for post-operative pain in laparoscopic patients and the prevalent management approaches post-operatively. The purpose of the descriptive-comparative study was to explore the associations between previous pain experiences and medication on the intensity of pain post-operatively in patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery, using data collected by the Smart Pain Assessment Tool Based on Internet of Things. Methods: For the rapid review, the databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched. ROBINS-I tool was used to evaluate the quality of non-randomized studies while ROB 2 tool was used for randomized controlled trials. For the descriptive-comparative study, 50 patients after gastrointestinal operations at Turku University hospital were included. The data collection of the study was done by a researcher belonging to Turku University staff at Turku University hospital. The data analysis was done by using descriptive and comparative methods of analysis. Descriptive statistics were used for the presentation and analysis of participants outcomes, diagnoses, procedures, and groupings based on variables related to the experience of pain (e.g., graphical measurement maximal pain levels using the numeric rating scale). Comparative statistics were used for associations and correlations regarding previous pain levels, medications, fear, and expectation of pain on maximal pain levels after gastrointestinal operations at Turku University Hospital. Results: The result of the rapid review suggest many predisposing factors for post-operative pain are influenced by the psychological profile of the patient. Among these factors are anxiety, fear, depression, expectation of pain, and other factors related to gastrointestinal surgery. Nevertheless, the results of this review also describe acute pre-operative pain, surgical factors, genetics, age, gender, obesity, and previous experiences of pain as relevant predisposing factors to pain following gastrointestinal surgery. Pain care strategies following gastrointestinal surgery include the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The literature suggests, non-pharmacological interventions are under-utilized and should be encouraged as an adjunct to pharmacological pain control strategies following elective gastrointestinal surgery. The results of the descriptive-comparative study somewhat contradict the results of the rapid review. Previous pain experiences or the recollection of preceding painful events were not associated with the administration of supplemental pain medication post-operatively (p = 0.741). Fear related to the upcoming pain following surgery was not associated with the level of invasiveness of the surgery (p = 0.662). In addition, the relationship between expectation of pain (p = 0.698), fear of pain related to the upcoming surgical procedure (p = 0.637) and medication post-operatively (p = .481) on the intensity of maximal post-operative pain was found to be negligible. The results of this study suggest patient expectation as a possible domain of intervention for better pain outcomes post-operatively. The administration of pain medication in the recovery room and the amount of pain medication in the recovery room were significant predictors of maximal post-operative pain (p = .001). Discussion: The results of the rapid review suggest a high to critical risk of bias in the studies included. The predisposing factors for post-operative pain differed widely across studies, but mainly included psychological factors as factors for post-operative pain. Pain management strategies should include an individualized approach and be implemented before, during and after the operation. For the descriptive-comparative study, there are substantial difficulties in discerning the effect of pain history or experience on post-operative pain using physiological or subjective reporting for conscious individuals due to risk of bias and using a unidimensional approach. Conclusion: Predisposing factors for post-operative pain should be screened in the pre-operative phase if possible, focusing on addressable factors whereas management of pain care strategies should include careful screening of participants biopsychosocial profile for elective surgery. The descriptive-comparative study suggests a possible, yet minimal benefit for managing patients’ expectation of pain related to the upcoming gastrointestinal surgery. The amount of pain medication in the recovery room is a significant predictor of maximal post-operative pain. Future research should include a larger sample, more variables related to pain and continue with a follow-up. Keywords: gastrointestinal, post-operative, pain, analgesia, anesthesiaTavoitteet: Katsauksen tarkoituksena oli tiivistää ja koota yhteen tutkijoille ja kliinikoille tietoa laparoskooppisten potilaiden postoperatiiviselle kivulle altistavista tekijöistä ja vallitsevista postoperatiivisista hoitokeinoista. Kuvailevan-vertailevan tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tutkia aiempien kipukokemusten ja lääkityksen välisiä yhteyksiä postoperatiivisen kivun voimakkuuteen potilailla, joille tehdään elektiivinen ruoansulatuskanavan leikkaus, käyttäen tietoja, jotka on kerätty esineiden internetiin perustuvalla älykkäällä kivunarviointityökalulla. Menetelmät: Katsausta varten tehtiin hakuja PubMed-, Web of Science- ja Embase-tietokannoista. ROBINS-I-työkalua käytettiin satunnaistamattomien tutkimusten laadun arviointiin, kun taas satunnaistettujen kontrolloitujen tutkimusten osalta käytettiin ROB 2-työkalua. Kuvailevaan-vertailevaan tutkimukseen otettiin mukaan 50 potilasta Turun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa tehtyjen ruoansulatuskanavan leikkausten jälkeen. Tutkimuksen aineistonkeruun suoritti Turun yliopiston henkilökuntaan kuuluva tutkija Turun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa. Aineiston analysoinnissa käytettiin kuvailevia ja vertailevia analyysimenetelmiä. Kuvailevia tilastoja käytettiin osallistujien tulosten, diagnoosien, toimenpiteiden ja kivun kokemiseen liittyvien muuttujien perusteella tehtyjen ryhmittelyjen esittämiseen ja analysointiin (esim. maksimaalisen kiputason graafinen mittaaminen numeerisella arviointiasteikolla). Vertailevia tilastoja käytettiin yhdistelmiin ja korrelaatioihin, jotka koskivat aiempia kiputiloja, lääkkeitä, pelkoa ja kivun odotusta maksimaalisen kiputason suhteen ruoansulatuskanavan leikkausten jälkeen Turun yliopistollisessa sairaalassa. Tulokset: Katsauksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että potilaan psykologinen profiili vaikuttaa moniin leikkauksen jälkeiselle kivulle altistaviin tekijöihin. Näihin tekijöihin kuuluvat ahdistus, pelko, masennus, kivun odotus ja muut ruoansulatuskanavan leikkaukseen liittyvät tekijät. Tämän katsauksen tuloksissa kuvataan kuitenkin myös akuutti preoperatiivinen kipu, kirurgiset tekijät, genetiikka, ikä, sukupuoli, lihavuus ja aiemmat kokemukset kivusta merkityksellisinä altistavina tekijöinä ruoansulatuskanavan leikkauksen jälkeiselle kivulle. Ruoansulatuskanavan leikkauksen jälkeisiin kivunhoitostrategioihin kuuluu farmakologisten ja ei-farmakologisten toimenpiteiden käyttö. Kirjallisuuden mukaan ei-farmakologisia toimenpiteitä käytetään liian vähän, ja niitä olisi edistettävä farmakologisten kivunhoitostrategioiden lisänä elektiivisen ruoansulatuskanavan leikkauksen jälkeen. Kuvailevan ja vertailevan tutkimuksen tulokset ovat jossain määrin ristiriidassa nopean katsauksen tulosten kanssa. Aiemmat kipukokemukset tai aiempien kivuliaiden tapahtumien muistaminen eivät olleet yhteydessä ylimääräisen kipulääkityksen antamiseen leikkauksen jälkeen (p = 0,741). Leikkauksen jälkeiseen tulevaan kipuun liittyvä pelko ei ollut yhteydessä leikkauksen invasiivisuuteen (p = 0,662). Lisäksi kivun odotuksen (p = 0,698), tulevaan kirurgiseen toimenpiteeseen liittyvän kivun pelon (p = 0,637) ja leikkauksen jälkeisen lääkityksen (p = 0,481) välinen yhteys maksimaalisen leikkauksen jälkeisen kivun voimakkuuteen todettiin merkityksettömäksi. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että potilaan odotukset ovat mahdollinen interventioalue, jolla voidaan parantaa leikkauksen jälkeistä kiputilannetta. Kipulääkityksen antaminen heräämössä ja kipulääkityksen määrä heräämössä olivat merkittäviä postoperatiivisen maksimaalisen kivun ennustajia (p = .001). Pohdinta: Katsauksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että mukana olleissa tutkimuksissa on suuri tai kriittinen harhan riski. Postoperatiiviselle kivulle altistavat tekijät vaihtelivat suuresti eri tutkimuksissa, mutta niihin sisältyi pääasiassa psykologisia tekijöitä postoperatiivisen kivun tekijöinä. Kivunhoitostrategioihin olisi sisällyttävä yksilöllinen lähestymistapa, ja niitä olisi sovellettava ennen leikkausta, sen aikana ja sen jälkeen. Kuvailevassa ja vertailevassa tutkimuksessa on huomattavia vaikeuksia havaita kipuhistorian tai -kokemuksen vaikutusta leikkauksen jälkeiseen kipuun fysiologisen tai subjektiivisen raportoinnin avulla tietoisten yksilöiden osalta, koska on olemassa harhan riski ja koska käytetään yksiulotteista lähestymistapaa. Johtopäätökset: Kivunhoitostrategioihin olisi kuuluttava osallistujien biopsykososiaalisen profiilin huolellinen seulonta valintaleikkausta varten. Kuvaileva-vertaileva tutkimus viittaa siihen, että potilaiden tulevaan ruoansulatuskanavan leikkaukseen liittyvien kipuodotusten hallinnasta on mahdollista, joskin vähäistä hyötyä. Kipulääkkeiden määrä heräämössä on merkittävä leikkauksen jälkeisen maksimaalisen kivun ennustaja. Tulevaan tutkimukseen olisi sisällytettävä suurempi otos, enemmän kipuun liittyviä muuttujia ja jatkettava seurantaa

    Blockchain como mecanismo de adaptação eficiente da administração pública na sociedade tecnológica

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    Orientador: Prof. Dr. Emerson GabardoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Defesa : Curitiba, 31/05/2023Inclui referênciasResumo: A pesquisa analisa a relação entre a tecnologia blockchain, as funcionalidades e benefícios por ela trazidos e a Administração Pública brasileira. O problema central abrangido se refere a aquilatar se a implementação da blockchain pelo Estado seria capaz de contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento das prestações estatais e para o seu controle. A hipótese principal é de que a Administração Pública no Brasil tem o dever de adotar a blockchain em cumprimento ao princípio constitucional da eficiência. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, que se vale preponderantemente do método dedutivo, fez-se levantamento bibliográfico nacional e estrangeiro, especialmente de artigos e livros monográficos a respeito da blockchain, suas aplicações e efeitos, da regulamentação da tecnologia pelo Direito, do que é legítimo exigir da Administração Pública no contexto da Revolução 4.0 e de exemplos práticos de utilização da blockchain pelo Poder Público ao redor do mundo. A tese é dividida em três partes, cada uma com três capítulos. A primeira parte explora o desenvolvimento tecnológico, a relevância do surgimento da blockchain, suas características essenciais e a modelagem por trás dos smart contracts. A segunda parte discorre a respeito de desafios na regulamentação da blockchain pelo Direito. Trabalha-se com o papel do Direito no cotejo entre a velocidade com que se manifesta e se transforma a tecnologia com as dificuldades do Poder Legislativo e dos aplicadores do Direito em se adequar com a mesma celeridade. Abrange-se, também, possíveis contradições entre a transparência característica da blockchain, com o direito à privacidade e à proteção de dados dos cidadãos, bem como efeitos derivados direta ou indiretamente da aplicação da referida tecnologia, tais como o desemprego, a exclusão social e o impacto ambiental. A terceira parte da tese aborda o dever de adaptação tecnológica da Administração Pública por intermédio da implementação da blockchain e os efeitos positivos derivados desta adoção. Evidencia-se, em seguida, como a referida tecnologia se apresenta fundamental para o aperfeiçoamento do controle administrativo, sendo importante, portanto, para o cumprimento do princípio da eficiência pela Administração Pública brasileira. Ao final, é feito levantamento sobre o "estado da arte" da utilização da blockchain pelo Poder Público no Brasil e em diferentes países ao redor do mundo, salientando os benefícios daí derivados. A conclusão é de que a implementação da blockchain é um dever da Administração Pública brasileira, derivado do princípio da eficiência e do dever de adaptabilidade, e que sua utilização é capaz de trazer benefícios que auxiliarão a melhor prestação de serviços públicos e o melhor controle, além de contribuir para a reaproximação do cidadão com o Estado.Abstract: The research analyzes the relationship between blockchain technology, the features and benefits it brings and the Brazilian Public Administration. The central problem covered refers to assessing whether the implementation of blockchain by the State would be able to contribute to the improvement and the control of the state. The main hypothesis is that the Public Administration in Brazil has a duty to adopt blockchain as a consequence of the constitutional principle of efficiency. For the development of the research, which uses predominantly the deductive method, national and foreign bibliographic survey was carried out, especially articles and monographic books about blockchain, its applications and effects, the regulation of technology by law, what is legitimate to demand from Public Administration in the context of the Revolution 4.0 and practical examples of blockchain use by public authorities around the world. The thesis is divided into three parts, each with three chapters. The first part explores the technological development, the relevance of the emergence of blockchain, its essential characteristics and the modeling behind smart contracts. The second part discusses challenges in the regulation of blockchain by law. It is written about the role of Law in the comparison between the speed with which technology manifests itself and transforms itself with the difficulties of the Legislative Power and Law enforcers in adapting with the same celerity. It also covers possible contradictions between the characteristic transparency of the blockchain, with the right to privacy and the protection of citizens' data, as well as effects derived directly or indirectly from the application of this technology, such as unemployment, social exclusion, and the environmental impact. The third part of the thesis addresses the duty of technological adaptation of the Public Administration through the implementation of blockchain and the positive effects derived from this adoption. It becomes evident how the aforementioned technology is fundamental for the improvement of administrative control, being therefore important for the fulfillment of the principle of efficiency by the Brazilian Public Administration. In the end, a survey is carried out on the "state of the art" of the use of blockchain by the Public Power in Brazil and in different countries around the world, highlighting the benefits derived therefrom. The conclusion is that the implementation of blockchain is a duty of the Brazilian Public Administration, derived from the principle of efficiency and the duty of adaptability, and that its use is capable of bringing benefits that will help the better provision of public services and better control, in addition to contributing to the rapprochement of the citizen with the State

    The influence of culture and religion on the capital structure of SME – A pan European quantitative research

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    Diferentes teorías financieras han tratado de explicar la estructura de capital de las empresas considerándola como una elección racional con resultados limitados. Por el contrario, la teoría de las élites directivas destaca la influencia de los valores y creencias de los altos directivos en las decisiones de las empresas y la teoría institucional complementa esta visión con el papel de los valores y normas institucionales en las decisiones y opciones financieras. Nuestra investigación analiza la influencia de los valores culturales y la pertenencia a una religión en la explicación de por qué las PYMEs difieren en sus preferencias financieras, con el objetivo de enriquecer las teorías racionales del área financiera con la propuesta de la teoría de las élites directivas y la teoría institucional. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio utiliza el marco cultural de Hofstede (2021) y datos de pertenencia al cristianismo de 24 países europeos -y de las dos principales religiones cristianas- para analizar su impacto en la estructura de capital, específicamente en sus preferencias entre capital y pasivo. Además, analiza el impacto de la cultura y la religión en el comportamiento de asunción de riesgos de las PYMEs. A través de una base de datos de 27.778 pymes manufactureras de 24 países de la UE con información financiera de 2015-2019 y utilizando análisis multinivel, encontramos evidencia de que la cultura y la religión influyen en la elección de la estructura de capital en las pymes y afectan su comportamiento de toma de riesgos. Sin embargo, y en contraste con varios investigadores anteriores, que encuentran una fuerte relación entre la cultura, la religión y el comportamiento financiero de las empresas, nuestros resultados muestran un efecto de la cultura y la religión en la dirección prevista, pero, de pequeño tamaño.Different finance theories have tried to explain the capital structure of companies considering it as a rational choice with limited results. In contrast, upper echelons theory highlights the influence of top managers’ values and beliefs in the decisions of firms and the institutional theory complements this vision with the role of institutional values and norms in financial decisions and options. The research looks into the influence of cultural values and religious belonging in explaining why SMEs differ in their financial preferences aiming to fill the gap between rational finance theories and upper echelons proposal. Therefore, the present study uses the cultural framework from Hofstede (2021) and Christian belonging data from 24 European Countries and the two main Christian faiths to analyze their impact on the capital structure, specifically in their preferences between equity and liabilities. Furthermore, this study looks into the SME’s risk-taking behavior and the cultural and religious impact on this issue. Through a database of 27.778 manufacturing SMEs from 24 countries of EU with financial information from 2015-2019 and using multilevel analysis, this study finds evidence that culture and religion influences the choice of capital within SMEs and impacts their risk-taking behavior. However, and in contrast to various previous researchers, who find a strong relationship between culture and religion and financial behavior within firms, the results show a very low size effect of culture and religion on the predicting directions of financial behavior

    Sistema de Lorenz i criptosistemes caòtics

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    Treballs Finals de Grau de Matemàtiques, Facultat de Matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2022, Director: Arturo Vieiro Yanes i Marina Gonchenko[en] In this work we study the Lorenz system and its application in the field of cryptography. Initially, from a theoretical point of view, we describe the most important properties and basic concepts of the system, in particular, we study the symmetry of the system, the invariance of the zz axis, the existence of a global attractor, the stability of the equilibrium points, bifurcations and we present basic notations of chaos theory in order to understand the main features of the behavior of the Lorenz system and its strange attractor. To do this, we use analytical and numerical tools. Later, from a more practical point of view, we present the synchronization of chaos that will allow us to introduce the concept of chaotic cryptography. Finally, we implement algorithms (in C) to encrypt and decrypt signals using the Lorenz system and analyze the dependence that exists between the error committed when recovering the original signal and the same signal

    Un sistema smart di auto-configurazione di reti BLE Mesh - progettazione implementazione ed analisi

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    La tesi descrive la progettazione e l'implementazione di un sistema di auto-configurazione di reti BLE Mesh che consente di raggiungere prestazioni specifiche richieste dall'utente. In particolare, il sistema è in grado di configurare il TTL (Time To Live), la potenza di trasmissione, il numero di trasmissioni e l'intervallo di trasmissione. Questo sistema è composto da due fasi: nella prima fase vengono rilevate le condizioni della rete, mentre nella seconda fase si individuano i parametri ottimali per raggiungere le prestazioni desiderate dall'utente. La ricerca dei valori ottimali dei parametri è supportata da algoritmi di apprendimento supervisionato tra cui algoritmi basati su alberi decisionali, Gaussian Naive Bayes e KNN. Successivamente, per consentire all'utente di interagire con il sistema, è stato realizzato una dashboard. Infine, sono stati realizzati dei set-up sperimentali e raccolti dati per valutarne le prestazioni della rete BLE Mesh al variare dei parametri configurabili tramite il sistema
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