2L convex polyominoes: discrete tomographical aspects

This paper uses the theoretical material developed in a previous article by the authors in order to reconstruct a subclass of 2L-convex polyominoes. The main idea is to control the shape of these polyominoes by combining 4 types of geometries. Some modifications are made in the reconstruction algorithm of Chrobak and Durr for HV -convex polyominoes in order to impose these geometries

2L-CONVEX POLYOMINOES: GEOMETRICAL ASPECTS

International audienceA polyomino P is called 2L-convex if for every two cells there exists a monotone path included in P with at most two changes of direction. This paper studies the geometrical aspects of a sub-class of 2L-convex polyominoes called I0,0 and states a characterization of 2L it in terms of monotone paths. In a second part, four geometries are introduced and the tomographical point of view is investigated using the switching components (that is, the elements of this sub-class that have the same projections). Finally, some unicity results are given for the reconstruction of these polyominoes according to their projections

Enumeration of polyominoes defined in terms of pattern avoidance or convexity constraints

In this thesis, we consider the problem of characterizing and enumerating sets of polyominoes described in terms of some constraints, defined either by convexity or by pattern containment. We are interested in a well known subclass of convex polyominoes, the k-convex polyominoes for which the enumeration according to the semi-perimeter is known only for k=1,2. We obtain, from a recursive decomposition, the generating function of the class of k-convex parallelogram polyominoes, which turns out to be rational. Noting that this generating function can be expressed in terms of the Fibonacci polynomials, we describe a bijection between the class of k-parallelogram polyominoes and the class of planted planar trees having height less than k+3. In the second part of the thesis we examine the notion of pattern avoidance, which has been extensively studied for permutations. We introduce the concept of pattern avoidance in the context of matrices, more precisely permutation matrices and polyomino matrices. We present definitions analogous to those given for permutations and in particular we define polyomino classes, i.e. sets downward closed with respect to the containment relation. So, the study of the old and new properties of the redefined sets of objects has not only become interesting, but it has also suggested the study of the associated poset. In both approaches our results can be used to treat open problems related to polyominoes as well as other combinatorial objects.Comment: PhD thesi

The number of convex polyominoes reconstructible from their orthogonal projections

AbstractMany problems of computer-aided tomography, pattern recognition, image processing and data compression involve a reconstruction of bidimensional discrete sets from their projections. [3–5,10,12,16,17]. The main difficulty involved in reconstructing a set Λ starting out from its orthogonal projections (V,H) is the ‘ambiguity’ arising from the fact that, in some cases, many different sets have the same projections (V,H). In this paper, we study this problem of ambiguity with respect to convex polyominoes, a class of bidimensional discrete sets that satisfy some connection properties similar to those used by some reconstruction algorithms. We determine an upper and lower bound to the maximum number of convex polyominoes having the same orthogonal projections (V,H), with V ∈ Nn and H ∈ Nm. We prove that under these connection conditions, the ambiguity is sometimes exponential. We also define a construction in order to obtain some convex polyominoes having the same orthogonal projections

Boundary length of reconstructions in discrete tomography

We consider possible reconstructions of a binary image of which the row and column sums are given. For any reconstruction we can define the length of the boundary of the image. In this paper we prove a new lower bound on the length of this boundary. In contrast to simple bounds that have been derived previously, in this new lower bound the information of both row and column sums is combined

Relaxation Height in Energy Landscapes: an Application to Multiple Metastable States

The study of systems with multiple (not necessarily degenerate) metastable states presents subtle difficulties from the mathematical point of view related to the variational problem that has to be solved in these cases. We introduce the notion of relaxation height in a general energy landscape and we prove sufficient conditions which are valid even in presence of multiple metastable states. We show how these results can be used to approach the problem of multiple metastable states via the use of the modern theories of metastability. We finally apply these general results to the Blume--Capel model for a particular choice of the parameters ensuring the existence of two multiple, and not degenerate in energy, metastable states

Medians of discrete sets according to a linear distance

l'URL de l'article publié est http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=9rukhuabxp8abkweIn this paper, we present some results concerning the median points of a discrete set according to a distance defined by means of two directions p and q. We describe a local characterization of the median points and show how these points can be determined from the projections of the discrete set along directions p and q. We prove that the discrete sets having some connectivity properties have at most four median points according to a linear distance, and if there are four median points they form a parallelogram. Finally, we show that the 4-connected sets which are convex along the diagonal directions contain their median points along these directions