689 research outputs found
Static Type Inference for the Q language using Constraint Logic Programming
We describe an application of Prolog: a type inference tool for the Q functional language. Q is a terse vector processing language, a descendant of APL, which is getting more and more popular, especially in financial applications. Q is a dynamically typed language, much like Prolog. Extending Q with static typing improves both the readability of programs and programmer productivity, as type errors are discovered by the tool at compile time, rather than through debugging the program execution.
We map the task of type inference onto a constraint satisfaction problem and use constraint logic programming, in particular the Constraint Handling Rules extension of Prolog. We determine the possible type values for each program expression and detect inconsistencies. As most built-in function names of Q are overloaded, i.e. their meaning depends on the argument types, a quite complex system of constraints had to be implemented
On CSP and the Algebraic Theory of Effects
We consider CSP from the point of view of the algebraic theory of effects,
which classifies operations as effect constructors or effect deconstructors; it
also provides a link with functional programming, being a refinement of Moggi's
seminal monadic point of view. There is a natural algebraic theory of the
constructors whose free algebra functor is Moggi's monad; we illustrate this by
characterising free and initial algebras in terms of two versions of the stable
failures model of CSP, one more general than the other. Deconstructors are
dealt with as homomorphisms to (possibly non-free) algebras.
One can view CSP's action and choice operators as constructors and the rest,
such as concealment and concurrency, as deconstructors. Carrying this programme
out results in taking deterministic external choice as constructor rather than
general external choice. However, binary deconstructors, such as the CSP
concurrency operator, provide unresolved difficulties. We conclude by
presenting a combination of CSP with Moggi's computational {\lambda}-calculus,
in which the operators, including concurrency, are polymorphic. While the paper
mainly concerns CSP, it ought to be possible to carry over similar ideas to
other process calculi
Introduction to the 28th International Conference on Logic Programming Special Issue
We are proud to introduce this special issue of the Journal of Theory and
Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP), dedicated to the full papers accepted for
the 28th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP). The ICLP
meetings started in Marseille in 1982 and since then constitute the main venue
for presenting and discussing work in the area of logic programming
Metamorphic Domain-Specific Languages: A Journey Into the Shapes of a Language
External or internal domain-specific languages (DSLs) or (fluent) APIs?
Whoever you are -- a developer or a user of a DSL -- you usually have to choose
your side; you should not! What about metamorphic DSLs that change their shape
according to your needs? We report on our 4-years journey of providing the
"right" support (in the domain of feature modeling), leading us to develop an
external DSL, different shapes of an internal API, and maintain all these
languages. A key insight is that there is no one-size-fits-all solution or no
clear superiority of a solution compared to another. On the contrary, we found
that it does make sense to continue the maintenance of an external and internal
DSL. The vision that we foresee for the future of software languages is their
ability to be self-adaptable to the most appropriate shape (including the
corresponding integrated development environment) according to a particular
usage or task. We call metamorphic DSL such a language, able to change from one
shape to another shape
Reify Your Collection Queries for Modularity and Speed!
Modularity and efficiency are often contradicting requirements, such that
programers have to trade one for the other. We analyze this dilemma in the
context of programs operating on collections. Performance-critical code using
collections need often to be hand-optimized, leading to non-modular, brittle,
and redundant code. In principle, this dilemma could be avoided by automatic
collection-specific optimizations, such as fusion of collection traversals,
usage of indexing, or reordering of filters. Unfortunately, it is not obvious
how to encode such optimizations in terms of ordinary collection APIs, because
the program operating on the collections is not reified and hence cannot be
analyzed.
We propose SQuOpt, the Scala Query Optimizer--a deep embedding of the Scala
collections API that allows such analyses and optimizations to be defined and
executed within Scala, without relying on external tools or compiler
extensions. SQuOpt provides the same "look and feel" (syntax and static typing
guarantees) as the standard collections API. We evaluate SQuOpt by
re-implementing several code analyses of the Findbugs tool using SQuOpt, show
average speedups of 12x with a maximum of 12800x and hence demonstrate that
SQuOpt can reconcile modularity and efficiency in real-world applications.Comment: 20 page
Life of occam-Pi
This paper considers some questions prompted by a brief review of the history of computing. Why is programming so hard? Why is concurrency considered an “advanced” subject? What’s the matter with Objects? Where did all the Maths go? In searching for answers, the paper looks at some concerns over fundamental ideas within object orientation (as represented by modern programming languages), before focussing on the concurrency model of communicating processes and its particular expression in the occam family of languages. In that focus, it looks at the history of occam, its underlying philosophy (Ockham’s Razor), its semantic foundation on Hoare’s CSP, its principles of process oriented design and its development over almost three decades into occam-? (which blends in the concurrency dynamics of Milner’s ?-calculus). Also presented will be an urgent need for rationalisation – occam-? is an experiment that has demonstrated significant results, but now needs time to be spent on careful review and implementing the conclusions of that review. Finally, the future is considered. In particular, is there a future
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