Translation and Réécriture in the Middle Ages: Rewriting Merlin in the French and Italian Vernacular Traditions

This thesis will investigate the processes of translation and rewriting (réécriture) in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, through a study of the French and Italian Merlin corpus. In particular, it will focus upon the products of translation between vernacular languages, which, as a practice, displays a greater degree of heterogeneity than translations into the vernacular from Latin. Medieval translation will be studied through a comparative analysis of the story of Merlin’s conception in Robert de Boron’s Merlin and Paulino Pieri’s La Storia di Merlino, in addition to an examination of the translation of Merlin’s prophecies as recounted in the Prophecies de Merlin, the Storia and the Vita di Merlino. These instances of translation will be compared to and studied alongside the processes of intralingual réécriture. Rewriting within the French tradition will be investigated through an analysis of the interpretative transition from the Vulgate Estoire de Merlin to the Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin; in particular, the reinterpretations of Merlin’s prophetic discourse and the character of Merlin’s lover, Viviane, will be examined. The study will take as its methodological basis the semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce, particularly the concept of semiosis; this defines interpretation as an exchange of signs, through which meaning is transmitted and developed. In this way, the Merlin corpus will be regarded as a continuum of interpretation, through which the meaning of narratives is interpreted by other signs, thought patterns and extra-textual cultural discourses; more broadly, the whole medieval tradition of translation and réécriture will also be regarded as a part of this same continuum, displaying the same interpretative patterns

Enumeration in algebra and geometry

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-88).by Alexander Postnikov.Ph.D

On the smooth linear section of the Grassmannian Gr(2, n)

page 29 is missing from hardcopyIn this thesis, we will study the smooth linear section of the Grassmannian Gr(2, n). Explicitly, we give a criterion for the rationality of such linear section in terms of its codimension in the Plü ̈cker embedding in projective space. Moreover, to obtain a better understanding of the birational parametrization of these linear sections, we analyze their Hodge structures in the cases of even and odd codimensions. To be more precise, we provide numerous examples which suggest certain patterns of Hodge diamonds corresponding to even and odd cases and derive the proof of general patterns for codimension 3 smooth linear section of Gr(2, n) corresponding to odd and even n

A STUDY OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION PROCESS BY TWO ARSENIC HYPERACCUMULATORS GROWN IN A HYDROPONIC ENVIRONMENT

Arsenic contamination has become a global problem for both developed and developing nations. However. traditional remediation is a very expensive process.Therefore. alternate methods are being developed. One type of alternate method is called phytoremediation. This type of remediation uses vascular plants to cleanup contaminated environments. This project consisted of an investigation of the phytoremediation process by two arsenic hyperaccumulating plants (P. vittata and P. cretica cv Mayii) grown in a controlled propagation system. The primary method of the investigation was the measurements of arsenic and nutrient (macro- and micro-) uptake by the plants exposed to different forms of arsenic. The results of the arsenic analysis showed that Pteris vittata extracted both forms of arsenic. In addition, the arsenic analysis for Pteris cretica cv Mayii showed that the root tissue contained the lowest concentration of arsenic.compared to the stem and leaf tissue. The macronutrient analysis for Pteris vittata and Pteris cretica cv Mayii determined calcium to be the most common nutrient. Of the four macronutrients analyzed, sulfur was the least common nutrient detected in Pteris vittata and Pteris cretica cv Mayii tissue. The results of micronutrient analysis for Pteris vittata determined iron to be the most common nutrient. The most common micronutrient detected in the root tissue for Pteris cretica cv Mayii was also determined to be iron.However, the most common micronutrient in the stem and leaf tissue was determined to be sodium. Based on these findings, a more detailed analysis of the role of macro- and micronutrient on arsenic uptake needs to be conducted

Algebraic geometric methods for the stabilizability and reliability of multivariable and of multimode systems

The extent to which feedback can alter the dynamic characteristics (e.g., instability, oscillations) of a control system, possibly operating in one or more modes (e.g., failure versus nonfailure of one or more components) is examined

Commemoration by the Malta historical society

The writing of Maltese History has its modem origins in the nineteenth century. Until then a complete history of Malta had only been attempted once by a foreign historian D. Miege which was published between 1840-41. All previous works were a compilation of strewn fragments of historical writings collaged to make up an accrued layer which began to constitute the foundations for the writing of our local history. A tour of the local history market would find all these works illustrated with geographical, religious, descriptive portrays and images of Malta. In the wake of the romantic spirit the local scene was in search for a national soul. Within this context, history needed a new preamble. The new emerging history had to be unimpeachable but at the same time embedded with romantic ideas; it could not afford not to be imbued with patriotic spirit. At the same time the written work had to be based on historical facts that meant, leaving nothing which could be criticized except the interpretation of the historical ideas. The Italian historiographic tradition and its philosophy would leave an impact on the writing of local history. The Maltese literary tradition was more than receptive to the Italian school of thought which generated an intense debate both in terms of value and validity. At the same time nineteenth-century Malta could not remain distant and detached from the new colonial experience. Any individual who wanted to approach the history of Malta had to link the vibrant and romantic spirit with the empiricist school of the emerging British History writing.peer-reviewe

MEVTV Workshop on Early Tectonic and Volcanic Evolution of Mars

Although not ignored, the problems of the early tectonic and volcanic evolution of Mars have generally received less attention than those later in the evolution of the planet. Specifically, much attention was devoted to the evolution of the Tharsis region of Mars and to the planet itself at the time following the establishment of this major tectonic and volcanic province. By contrast, little attention was directed at fundamental questions, such as the conditions that led to the development of Tharsis and the cause of the basic fundamental dichotomy of the Martian crust. It was to address these and related questions of the earliest evolution of Mars that a workshop was organized under the auspices of the Mars: Evolution of Volcanism, Tectonism, and Volatiles (MEVTV) Program. Four sessions were held: crustal dichotomy; crustal differentiation/volcanism; Tharsis, Elysium, and Valles Marineris; and ridges and fault tectonics

Advances in planetary geology, volume 2

This publication is a continuation of volume 1; it is a compilation of reports focusing on research into the origin and evolution of the solar system with emphasis on planetary geology. Specific reports include a multispectral and geomorphic investigation of the surface of Europa and a geologic interpretation of remote sensing data for the Martian volcano Ascreaus Mons

Early tectonic and volcanic evolution of Mars

Four sessions were held: crustal dichotomy; crustal differentiation/volcanism; Tharsis, Elysium, and Valles Marineris; and ridges and fault tectonics.sponsored by Lunar and Planetary Institute, NASA/MEVTV Study Projectedited by H. Frey ; sponsored by Lunar and Planetary Institute, NASA/MEVTV Study Project.Conditions on Early Mars: Constraints from the Cratering Record / Barlow, N.G. -- Origin of Fluvial Valleys and Early Geological History, Aeolis Quadrangle / Brakenridge, G.R. -- Towards a Chronology of Compressive Tectonics on Mars / Chicarro, A.F. -- Ejecta Deposits of Large Martian Impact Basins: A Useful Geologic Tool and Window to Early Martian History? / Edgett, K.S. -- Early Volcanism on Mars: An Overview / Greeley,

(Un)Covering Suicide: The Changing Ethical Norms in Canadian Journalism

In this integrated article dissertation, I examine media coverage of suicide in two Canadian newspapers. I seek to answer two research questions: how has media coverage of suicide changed in Canadian newspapers between the mid-19th century and 2013, and what were the standard policies and procedures in newsrooms regarding coverage of suicide during this time? Through a qualitative analysis of historical coverage and a quantitative analysis of contemporary coverage, I show how media coverage of suicide has changed. My historical analysis incorporates extensive primary research from the archives of the Globe and Mail and the Toronto Star, and ultimately shows that suicide was not always taboo in the mainstream press. In fact, the tip-toeing around reporting on suicide only began in the mid-20th century. I argue that as public perceptions of suicide, and the laws surrounding it, gradually shifted from considering the act a crime to conceiving of it as an aspect of a psychiatric malady, reporting on suicide changed. Once suicide became an untouchable subject in newsrooms the stigma became entrenched, making it a challenging subject matter to address in any meaningful way for decades; however, in recent years the taboo around suicide has begun to break down and once again there is an evolution in how it is covered in Canadian print media. In addition to a historical and contemporary analysis of media coverage, I provide a review of existing newsroom practices and policies on covering suicide. My review of these routines and rules shows that the approach to suicide differs from newsroom to newsroom and there is not standard agreement on how it should be dealt with in most cases. In this review, I discuss the development of media guidelines for reporting on suicide and the contagion literature that spurred many of these protocols. This work is complemented by insights from some of the leading experts on ethics in Canadian media whom I interviewed for this research. I conclude by outlining the implications of my research and I argue that an ethics of care framework offers a promising alternative to prescriptive and simplistic media guidelines