3,908 research outputs found
Unified radio and network control across heterogeneous hardware platforms
Experimentation is an important step in the investigation of techniques for handling spectrum scarcity or the development of new waveforms in future wireless networks. However, it is impractical and not cost effective to construct custom platforms for each future network scenario to be investigated. This problem is addressed by defining Unified Programming Interfaces that allow common access to several platforms for experimentation-based prototyping, research, and development purposes. The design of these interfaces is driven by a diverse set of scenarios that capture the functionality relevant to future network implementations while trying to keep them as generic as possible. Herein, the definition of this set of scenarios is presented as well as the architecture for supporting experimentation-based wireless research over multiple hardware platforms. The proposed architecture for experimentation incorporates both local and global unified interfaces to control any aspect of a wireless system while being completely agnostic to the actual technology incorporated. Control is feasible from the low-level features of individual radios to the entire network stack, including hierarchical control combinations. A testbed to enable the use of the above architecture is utilized that uses a backbone network in order to be able to extract measurements and observe the overall behaviour of the system under test without imposing further communication overhead to the actual experiment. Based on the aforementioned architecture, a system is proposed that is able to support the advancement of intelligent techniques for future networks through experimentation while decoupling promising algorithms and techniques from the capabilities of a specific hardware platform
Building Programmable Wireless Networks: An Architectural Survey
In recent times, there have been a lot of efforts for improving the ossified
Internet architecture in a bid to sustain unstinted growth and innovation. A
major reason for the perceived architectural ossification is the lack of
ability to program the network as a system. This situation has resulted partly
from historical decisions in the original Internet design which emphasized
decentralized network operations through co-located data and control planes on
each network device. The situation for wireless networks is no different
resulting in a lot of complexity and a plethora of largely incompatible
wireless technologies. The emergence of "programmable wireless networks", that
allow greater flexibility, ease of management and configurability, is a step in
the right direction to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of the wireless
networks. In this paper, we provide a broad overview of the architectures
proposed in literature for building programmable wireless networks focusing
primarily on three popular techniques, i.e., software defined networks,
cognitive radio networks, and virtualized networks. This survey is a
self-contained tutorial on these techniques and its applications. We also
discuss the opportunities and challenges in building next-generation
programmable wireless networks and identify open research issues and future
research directions.Comment: 19 page
Real-Time Waveform Prototyping
Mobile Netzwerke der fĂŒnften Generation zeichen sich aus durch vielfĂ€ltigen Anforderungen und Einsatzszenarien. Drei unterschiedliche AnwendungsfĂ€lle sind hierbei besonders relevant: 1) Industrie-Applikationen fordern EchtzeitfunkĂŒbertragungen mit besonders niedrigen Ausfallraten. 2) Internet-of-things-Anwendungen erfordern die Anbindung einer Vielzahl von verteilten Sensoren. 3) Die Datenraten fĂŒr Anwendung wie z.B. der Ăbermittlung von Videoinhalten sind massiv gestiegen.
Diese zum Teil gegensĂ€tzlichen Erwartungen veranlassen Forscher und Ingenieure dazu, neue Konzepte und Technologien fĂŒr zukĂŒnftige drahtlose Kommunikationssysteme in Betracht zu ziehen. Ziel ist es, aus einer Vielzahl neuer Ideen vielversprechende Kandidatentechnologien zu identifizieren und zu entscheiden, welche fĂŒr die Umsetzung in zukĂŒnftige Produkte geeignet sind. Die Herausforderungen, diese Anforderungen zu erreichen, liegen jedoch jenseits der Möglichkeiten, die eine einzelne Verarbeitungsschicht in einem drahtlosen Netzwerk bieten kann. Daher mĂŒssen mehrere Forschungsbereiche Forschungsideen gemeinsam nutzen.
Diese Arbeit beschreibt daher eine Plattform als Basis fĂŒr zukĂŒnftige experimentelle Erforschung von drahtlosen Netzwerken unter reellen Bedingungen. Es werden folgende drei Aspekte nĂ€her vorgestellt:
ZunĂ€chst erfolgt ein Ăberblick ĂŒber moderne Prototypen und Testbed-Lösungen, die auf groĂes Interesse, Nachfrage, aber auch Förderungsmöglichkeiten stoĂen. Allerdings ist der Entwicklungsaufwand nicht unerheblich und richtet sich stark nach den gewĂ€hlten Eigenschaften der Plattform. Der Auswahlprozess ist jedoch aufgrund der Menge der verfĂŒgbaren Optionen und ihrer jeweiligen (versteckten) Implikationen komplex. Daher wird ein Leitfaden anhand verschiedener Beispiele vorgestellt, mit dem Ziel Erwartungen im Vergleich zu den fĂŒr den Prototyp erforderlichen AufwĂ€nden zu bewerten.
Zweitens wird ein flexibler, aber echtzeitfĂ€higer Signalprozessor eingefĂŒhrt, der auf einer software-programmierbaren Funkplattform lĂ€uft. Der Prozessor ermöglicht die Rekonfiguration wichtiger Parameter der physikalischen Schicht wĂ€hrend der Laufzeit, um eine Vielzahl moderner Wellenformen zu erzeugen. Es werden vier Parametereinstellungen 'LLC', 'WiFi', 'eMBB' und 'IoT' vorgestellt, um die Anforderungen der verschiedenen drahtlosen Anwendungen widerzuspiegeln. Diese werden dann zur Evaluierung der die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellte Implementierung herangezogen.
Drittens wird durch die EinfĂŒhrung einer generischen Testinfrastruktur die Einbeziehung externer Partner aus der Ferne ermöglicht. Das Testfeld kann hier fĂŒr verschiedenste Experimente flexibel auf die Anforderungen drahtloser Technologien zugeschnitten werden. Mit Hilfe der Testinfrastruktur wird die Leistung des vorgestellten Transceivers hinsichtlich Latenz, erreichbarem Durchsatz und Paketfehlerraten bewertet. Die öffentliche Demonstration eines taktilen Internet-Prototypen, unter Verwendung von Roboterarmen in einer Mehrbenutzerumgebung, konnte erfolgreich durchgefĂŒhrt und bei mehreren Gelegenheiten prĂ€sentiert werden.:List of figures
List of tables
Abbreviations
Notations
1 Introduction
1.1 Wireless applications
1.2 Motivation
1.3 Software-Defined Radio
1.4 State of the art
1.5 Testbed
1.6 Summary
2 Background
2.1 System Model
2.2 PHY Layer Structure
2.3 Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing
2.4 Wireless Standards
2.4.1 IEEE 802.15.4
2.4.2 802.11 WLAN
2.4.3 LTE
2.4.4 Low Latency Industrial Wireless Communications
2.4.5 Summary
3 Wireless Prototyping
3.1 Testbed Examples
3.1.1 PHY - focused Testbeds
3.1.2 MAC - focused Testbeds
3.1.3 Network - focused testbeds
3.1.4 Generic testbeds
3.2 Considerations
3.3 Use cases and Scenarios
3.4 Requirements
3.5 Methodology
3.6 Hardware Platform
3.6.1 Host
3.6.2 FPGA
3.6.3 Hybrid
3.6.4 ASIC
3.7 Software Platform
3.7.1 Testbed Management Frameworks
3.7.2 Development Frameworks
3.7.3 Software Implementations
3.8 Deployment
3.9 Discussion
3.10 Conclusion
4 Flexible Transceiver
4.1 Signal Processing Modules
4.1.1 MAC interface
4.1.2 Encoding and Mapping
4.1.3 Modem
4.1.4 Post modem processing
4.1.5 Synchronization
4.1.6 Channel Estimation and Equalization
4.1.7 Demapping
4.1.8 Flexible Configuration
4.2 Analysis
4.2.1 Numerical Precision
4.2.2 Spectral analysis
4.2.3 Latency
4.2.4 Resource Consumption
4.3 Discussion
4.3.1 Extension to MIMO
4.4 Summary
5 Testbed
5.1 Infrastructure
5.2 Automation
5.3 Software Defined Radio Platform
5.4 Radio Frequency Front-end
5.4.1 Sub 6 GHz front-end
5.4.2 26 GHz mmWave front-end
5.5 Performance evaluation
5.6 Summary
6 Experiments
6.1 Single Link
6.1.1 Infrastructure
6.1.2 Single Link Experiments
6.1.3 End-to-End
6.2 Multi-User
6.3 26 GHz mmWave experimentation
6.4 Summary
7 Key lessons
7.1 Limitations Experienced During Development
7.2 Prototyping Future
7.3 Open points
7.4 Workflow
7.5 Summary
8 Conclusions
8.1 Future Work
8.1.1 Prototyping Workflow
8.1.2 Flexible Transceiver Core
8.1.3 Experimental Data-sets
8.1.4 Evolved Access Point Prototype For Industrial Networks
8.1.5 Testbed Standardization
A Additional Resources
A.1 Fourier Transform Blocks
A.2 Resource Consumption
A.3 Channel Sounding using Chirp sequences
A.3.1 SNR Estimation
A.3.2 Channel Estimation
A.4 Hardware part listThe demand to achieve higher data rates for the Enhanced Mobile Broadband scenario and novel fifth generation use cases like Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency and Massive Machine-type Communications drive researchers and engineers to consider new concepts and technologies for future wireless communication systems. The goal is to identify promising candidate technologies
among a vast number of new ideas and to decide, which are suitable for implementation in future products. However, the challenges to achieve those demands are beyond the capabilities a single processing layer in a wireless network can offer. Therefore, several research domains have to collaboratively exploit research ideas.
This thesis presents a platform to provide a base for future applied research on wireless networks. Firstly, by giving an overview of state-of-the-art prototypes and testbed solutions. Secondly by introducing a flexible, yet real-time physical layer signal processor running on a software defined radio platform. The processor enables reconfiguring important parameters of the physical layer during run-time in order to create a multitude of modern waveforms. Thirdly, by introducing a generic test infrastructure, which can be tailored to prototype diverse wireless technology and which is remotely accessible in order to invite new ideas by third parties. Using the test infrastructure, the performance of the flexible transceiver is evaluated regarding latency, achievable throughput and packet error rates.:List of figures
List of tables
Abbreviations
Notations
1 Introduction
1.1 Wireless applications
1.2 Motivation
1.3 Software-Defined Radio
1.4 State of the art
1.5 Testbed
1.6 Summary
2 Background
2.1 System Model
2.2 PHY Layer Structure
2.3 Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing
2.4 Wireless Standards
2.4.1 IEEE 802.15.4
2.4.2 802.11 WLAN
2.4.3 LTE
2.4.4 Low Latency Industrial Wireless Communications
2.4.5 Summary
3 Wireless Prototyping
3.1 Testbed Examples
3.1.1 PHY - focused Testbeds
3.1.2 MAC - focused Testbeds
3.1.3 Network - focused testbeds
3.1.4 Generic testbeds
3.2 Considerations
3.3 Use cases and Scenarios
3.4 Requirements
3.5 Methodology
3.6 Hardware Platform
3.6.1 Host
3.6.2 FPGA
3.6.3 Hybrid
3.6.4 ASIC
3.7 Software Platform
3.7.1 Testbed Management Frameworks
3.7.2 Development Frameworks
3.7.3 Software Implementations
3.8 Deployment
3.9 Discussion
3.10 Conclusion
4 Flexible Transceiver
4.1 Signal Processing Modules
4.1.1 MAC interface
4.1.2 Encoding and Mapping
4.1.3 Modem
4.1.4 Post modem processing
4.1.5 Synchronization
4.1.6 Channel Estimation and Equalization
4.1.7 Demapping
4.1.8 Flexible Configuration
4.2 Analysis
4.2.1 Numerical Precision
4.2.2 Spectral analysis
4.2.3 Latency
4.2.4 Resource Consumption
4.3 Discussion
4.3.1 Extension to MIMO
4.4 Summary
5 Testbed
5.1 Infrastructure
5.2 Automation
5.3 Software Defined Radio Platform
5.4 Radio Frequency Front-end
5.4.1 Sub 6 GHz front-end
5.4.2 26 GHz mmWave front-end
5.5 Performance evaluation
5.6 Summary
6 Experiments
6.1 Single Link
6.1.1 Infrastructure
6.1.2 Single Link Experiments
6.1.3 End-to-End
6.2 Multi-User
6.3 26 GHz mmWave experimentation
6.4 Summary
7 Key lessons
7.1 Limitations Experienced During Development
7.2 Prototyping Future
7.3 Open points
7.4 Workflow
7.5 Summary
8 Conclusions
8.1 Future Work
8.1.1 Prototyping Workflow
8.1.2 Flexible Transceiver Core
8.1.3 Experimental Data-sets
8.1.4 Evolved Access Point Prototype For Industrial Networks
8.1.5 Testbed Standardization
A Additional Resources
A.1 Fourier Transform Blocks
A.2 Resource Consumption
A.3 Channel Sounding using Chirp sequences
A.3.1 SNR Estimation
A.3.2 Channel Estimation
A.4 Hardware part lis
Using SensLAB as a First Class Scienti c Tool for Large Scale Wireless Sensor Network Experiments
International audienceThis paper presents a description of SensLAB(Very Large Scale Open Wireless Sensor Network Testbed) that has been developed and deployed in order to allow the evaluation through experimentations of scalable wireless sensor network protocols and applications. SensLAB's main and most important goal is to o er an accurate open access multiusers scienti c tool to support the design, the development tuning, and the experimentation of real large-scale sensor network applications. The SensLAB testbed is composed of 1024 nodes over 4 sites. Each site hosts 256 sensor nodes with speci c characteristics in order to o er a wide spectrum of possibilities and heterogeneity. Within a given site, each one of the 256 nodes is able both to communicate via its radio interface to its neighbors and to be con gured as a sink node to exchange data with any other "sink node". The hardware and software architectures that allow to reserve, con gure, deploy rmwares and gather experimental data and monitoring information are described. We also present demonstration examples to illustrate the use of the SensLAB testbed and encourage researchers to test and benchmark their applications/protocols on a large scale WSN testbed
Safe, Remote-Access Swarm Robotics Research on the Robotarium
This paper describes the development of the Robotarium -- a remotely
accessible, multi-robot research facility. The impetus behind the Robotarium is
that multi-robot testbeds constitute an integral and essential part of the
multi-agent research cycle, yet they are expensive, complex, and time-consuming
to develop, operate, and maintain. These resource constraints, in turn, limit
access for large groups of researchers and students, which is what the
Robotarium is remedying by providing users with remote access to a
state-of-the-art multi-robot test facility. This paper details the design and
operation of the Robotarium as well as connects these to the particular
considerations one must take when making complex hardware remotely accessible.
In particular, safety must be built in already at the design phase without
overly constraining which coordinated control programs the users can upload and
execute, which calls for minimally invasive safety routines with provable
performance guarantees.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 3 code samples, 72 reference
A survey of evaluation platforms for ad hoc routing protocols: a resilience perspective
Routing protocols allow for the spontaneous formation of wireless multi-hop networks without dedicated infrastructure, also known as ad hoc networks. Despite significant technological advances, difficulties associated with the evaluation of ad hoc routing protocols under realistic conditions, still hamper their maturation and significant roll out in real world deployments. In particular, the resilience evaluation of ad hoc routing protocols is essential to determine their ability of keeping the routing service working despite the presence of changes, such as accidental faults or malicious ones (attacks). However, the resilience
dimension is not always addressed by the evaluation platforms that are in charge of assessing these routing protocols.
In this paper, we provide a survey covering current state-of-the-art evaluation platforms in the domain of ad hoc routing protocols paying special attention to the resilience dimension. The goal is threefold. First, we identify the most representative evaluation platforms and the routing protocols they have evaluated. Then, we analyse the experimental methodologies followed by such evaluation platforms. Finally, we create a taxonomy to characterise experimental properties of such evaluation platforms.This work is partially supported by the Spanish Project ARENES (TIN2012-38308-C02-01), the ANR French Project AMORES (ANR-11-INSE-010), and the Intel Doctoral Student Honour Programme 2012.Friginal LĂłpez, J.; AndrĂ©s MartĂnez, DD.; Ruiz GarcĂa, JC.; MartĂnez Raga, M. (2014). A survey of evaluation platforms for ad hoc routing protocols: a resilience perspective. Computer Networks. 75(A):395-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2014.09.010S39541375
Internet Predictions
More than a dozen leading experts give their opinions on where the Internet is headed and where it will be in the next decade in terms of technology, policy, and applications. They cover topics ranging from the Internet of Things to climate change to the digital storage of the future. A summary of the articles is available in the Web extras section
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