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    Hole의 κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ™€ 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ ꡬ쑰에 κ΄€ν•œ 연ꡬ

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    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(박사)--μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅ λŒ€ν•™μ› :μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ μˆ˜ν•™κ΅μœ‘κ³Ό,2019. 8. κΉ€μ„œλ Ή.이 λ…Όλ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ” 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ™€ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ ν™€μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ™€ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ 삼각화에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ—°κ΅¬ν•œλ‹€. 길이 4 이상인 μœ λ„λœ 싸이클을 홀이라 ν•˜κ³  홀이 μ—†λŠ” κ·Έλž˜ν”„λ₯Ό μ‚Όκ°ν™”λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„λΌ ν•œλ‹€. ꡬ체적으둜, 싸이클을 갖지 μ•ŠλŠ” 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒ κ·Έλž˜ν”„κ°€ μ‚Όκ°ν™”λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μΈμ§€ νŒμ •ν•˜κ³ , 주어진 κ·Έλž˜ν”„λ₯Ό μ‚Όκ°ν™”ν•˜μ—¬ ν΄λ¦­μˆ˜κ°€ 크게 차이 λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ·Έλž˜ν”„λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 방법을 찾고자 ν•œλ‹€. 이 논문은 연ꡬ λ‚΄μš©μ— 따라 두 λΆ€λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰œλ‹€. λ¨Όμ € (1,i)(1, i) 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ™€ (i,1)(i, 1) 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒ κ·Έλž˜ν”„λ₯Ό μ™„μ „ν•˜κ²Œ νŠΉμ§•ν™”ν•˜κ³ , (2,j)(2, j) 유ν–₯κ·Έλž˜ν”„ DD의 λͺ¨λ“  유ν–₯λ³€μ—μ„œ λ°©ν–₯을 μ œκ±°ν•œ κ·Έλž˜ν”„κ°€ μ‚Όκ°ν™”λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ΄λ©΄, DD의 κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒ κ·Έλž˜ν”„ μ—­μ‹œ μ‚Όκ°ν™”λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μž„μ„ λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 적은 수의 μ‚Όκ°ν˜•μ„ κ°–λŠ” μ—°κ²°λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•œ 정리λ₯Ό ν™•μž₯ν•˜μ—¬ λ§Žμ€ 수의 μ‚Όκ°ν˜•μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•œ μ—°κ²°λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ˜ κ³„ν†΅λ°œμƒμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ³„μ‚°ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œ 편 κ·Έλž˜ν”„ GG의 비삼각화 μ§€μˆ˜ i(G)i(G)에 λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ Ο‰(Gβˆ—)βˆ’Ο‰(G)≀i(G)\omega(G^*)-\omega(G) \le i(G)λ₯Ό λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λŠ” GG의 μ‚Όκ°ν™”λœ κ·Έλž˜ν”„ Gβˆ—G^*κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•¨μ„ λ³΄μ˜€λ‹€. 그리고 이λ₯Ό λ„κ΅¬λ‘œ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ NC propertyλ₯Ό λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έλž˜ν”„κ°€ Hadwiger μΆ”μΈ‘κ³Ό Erd\H{o}s-Faber-Lov\'{a}sz 좔츑을 λ§Œμ‘±ν•¨μ„ 증λͺ…ν•˜κ³ , 비삼각화 μ§€μˆ˜κ°€ μœ κ³„μΈ κ·Έλž˜ν”„λ“€μ΄ linearly Ο‡\chi-boundedμž„μ„ 증λͺ…ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€.This thesis aims at studying phylogeny graphs and graph completions in the aspect of holes of graphs or digraphs. A hole of a graph is an induced cycle of length at least four and a graph is chordal if it does not contain a hole. Specifically, we determine whether the phylogeny graphs of acyclic digraphs are chordal or not and find a way of chordalizing a graph without increasing the size of maximum clique not so much. In this vein, the thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, we completely characterize phylogeny graphs of (1,i)(1, i) digraphs and (i,1)(i,1) digraphs, respectively, for a positive integer ii. Then, we show that the phylogeny graph of a (2,j)(2,j) digraph DD is chordal if the underlying graph of DD is chordal for any positive integer jj. In addition, we extend the existing theorems computing phylogeny numbers of connected graph with a small number of triangles to results computing phylogeny numbers of connected graphs with many triangles. In the second part, we present a minimal chordal supergraph Gβˆ—G^* of a graph GG satisfying the inequality Ο‰(Gβˆ—)βˆ’Ο‰(G)≀i(G)\omega(G^*) - \omega(G) \le i(G) for the non-chordality index i(G)i(G) of GG. Using the above chordal supergraph as a tool, we prove that the family of graphs satisfying the NC property satisfies the Hadwiger conjecture and the Erd\H{o}s-Faber-Lov\'{a}sz Conjecture, and the family of graphs with bounded non-chordality indices is linearly Ο‡\chi-bounded.Contents Abstract i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Basic notions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.2.1 Phylogeny graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.2.2 Graph colorings and chordal completions . . . . . . . . 14 2 Phylogeny graphs 19 2.1 Chordal phylogeny graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.1.1 (1,j) phylogeny graphs and (i,1) phylogeny graphs . . 20 2.1.2 (2,j) phylogeny graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.2 The phylogeny number and the triangles and the diamonds of a graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3 A new minimal chordal completion 61 3.1 Graphs with the NC property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 3.2 The Erd˝ os-Faber-LovΓ‘sz Conjecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 3.3 A minimal chordal completion of a graph . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 3.3.1 Non-chordality indices of graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 3.3.2 Making a local chordalization really local . . . . . . . . 89 3.4 New Ο‡-bounded classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Abstract (in Korean) 107Docto
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