Letter counting: a stem cell for Cryptology, Quantitative Linguistics, and Statistics

Counting letters in written texts is a very ancient practice. It has accompanied the development of Cryptology, Quantitative Linguistics, and Statistics. In Cryptology, counting frequencies of the different characters in an encrypted message is the basis of the so called frequency analysis method. In Quantitative Linguistics, the proportion of vowels to consonants in different languages was studied long before authorship attribution. In Statistics, the alternation vowel-consonants was the only example that Markov ever gave of his theory of chained events. A short history of letter counting is presented. The three domains, Cryptology, Quantitative Linguistics, and Statistics, are then examined, focusing on the interactions with the other two fields through letter counting. As a conclusion, the eclectism of past centuries scholars, their background in humanities, and their familiarity with cryptograms, are identified as contributing factors to the mutual enrichment process which is described here

George William Curtis as literary critic.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Writings in Maine History

Listing of selected books regarding Maine Histor

Writings in Maine History

Listing of selected books regarding Maine Histor

Early Modern Britain’s Relationship to Its Past: The Historiographical Fortunes of the Legends of Brute, Albina, and Scota

This volume considers the reception in the early modern period of four popular medieval myths of nationhood—the legends of Brutus, Albina, and Scota—tracing their intertwined literary and historiographical afterlives. The book is particularly timely in its dialogue with current investigations into early modern historiography and the period\u27s relationship to its past, its engagement with pressing issues in identity and gender studies, and its analysis of British national origin stories at a time when modern Britain is considering its own future as a nation.https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/mip_rmemc/1005/thumbnail.jp

When worlds collide: the altered state of private equity - a conference summary

The Federal Reserve System’s Private Equity Merchant Banking Knowledge Center, formed at the Chicago Fed in 2000 after the passage of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, sponsors an annual conference on new industry developments. This article summarizes the ninth annual conference, held on June 25-26, 2009.Private equity

Focal Spot, Spring 1978

https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/focal_spot_archives/1020/thumbnail.jp