Risks of Robotic Process Automation: A multivocal literature review

In recent years, many companies from different sectors have chosen to support digital transformation in process automation using RPA. In fact, it can be seen that automations have been revolutionising and benefiting the human workforce by minimising repetitive tasks subjective to errors and maximising the technical and operational efficiency of companies. However, it is not without its risks, since it is based on robots devoid of any critical thinking. Thus, the present research focuses on a case study on RPA risks, in which an in-depth analysis was conducted through an MLR with 107 documents gathered and thoroughly examined throughout the community, including books, scientific articles, technical reports, conferences, among others. This research contributes a list of a total of 88 risks organized, mapped and grouped among 9 categories. In this sense, this study will assist future researchers to identify RPA risks in order to define actions to avoid negative impacts.Nos últimos anos, muitas empresas de diferentes setores optaram por apoiar a transformação digital na automação de processos usando RPA. De facto, é possível verificar que as automações têm vindo a revolucionar e beneficiar a força do trabalho humano minimizando as tarefas repetitivas subjetiveis a erros e maximizando a eficiência técnica e operacional das empresas. No entanto, não deixa de ter os seus riscos, uma vez que se fundamenta em robôs desprovidos de qualquer pensamento crítico. Assim, a presente investigação incide num estudo de caso sobre os riscos de RPA, no qual se realizou uma análise profunda, através de um MLR com 107 documentos reunidos e minuciosamente examinados em toda a comunidade, incluindo livros, artigos científicos, relatórios técnicos, conferências, entre outros. Esta investigação contribui com uma lista de um total de 88 riscos organizados, mapeados e agrupados entre 9 categorias. Nesse sentido, este estudo auxiliará futuros investigadores a identificar os riscos de RPA de forma a definirem ações que evitem impactos negativos

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 53 Number 4, Spring 2012

20 - WHAT WILL YOU BE? By David Mckay Wilson. San Francisco\u27s Immaculate Conception Academy has found a work-study program that gives low-income students what they need. Starting with a bigger view of the world. 22 - BUCKY BRONCO CONFIDENTIAL By Jeff Gire And Sam Scott \u2796. Who wears the costume today may be classified information. But here are a few secrets revealed-including how Bucky came to be. 26 - TALKIN\u27 DUST BOWL BLUES By David Mckay Wilson. The ghost of Woody Guthrie stalks the stage-with Rob Tepper \u2700 playing the role. This year marks the centennial of the iconic American folk singer\u27s birth. 28 - WHY WOMEN PROFESSORS? By Nancy C. Unger. Marking 50 years of coeducation at Santa Clara-and recognizing that it\u27s not just the composition of students that has changed profoundly. Women as teaching scholars are a big part of the equation. 30 - EVIDENCE OF THINGS UNSEEN By Roberta Kwok. Dark matter makes up 85 percent of the material in our universe. It envelops our galaxy-yet scientists have never seen it. That\u27s why physicist Betty Young is looking-right here on Earth.https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/sc_mag/1017/thumbnail.jp

Trustworthiness in Mobile Cyber Physical Systems

Computing and communication capabilities are increasingly embedded in diverse objects and structures in the physical environment. They will link the ‘cyberworld’ of computing and communications with the physical world. These applications are called cyber physical systems (CPS). Obviously, the increased involvement of real-world entities leads to a greater demand for trustworthy systems. Hence, we use "system trustworthiness" here, which can guarantee continuous service in the presence of internal errors or external attacks. Mobile CPS (MCPS) is a prominent subcategory of CPS in which the physical component has no permanent location. Mobile Internet devices already provide ubiquitous platforms for building novel MCPS applications. The objective of this Special Issue is to contribute to research in modern/future trustworthy MCPS, including design, modeling, simulation, dependability, and so on. It is imperative to address the issues which are critical to their mobility, report significant advances in the underlying science, and discuss the challenges of development and implementation in various applications of MCPS

Automated Software Transplantation

Automated program repair has excited researchers for more than a decade, yet it has yet to find full scale deployment in industry. We report our experience with SAPFIX: the first deployment of automated end-to-end fault fixing, from test case design through to deployed repairs in production code. We have used SAPFIX at Facebook to repair 6 production systems, each consisting of tens of millions of lines of code, and which are collectively used by hundreds of millions of people worldwide. In its first three months of operation, SAPFIX produced 55 repair candidates for 57 crashes reported to SAPFIX, of which 27 have been deem as correct by developers and 14 have been landed into production automatically by SAPFIX. SAPFIX has thus demonstrated the potential of the search-based repair research agenda by deploying, to hundreds of millions of users worldwide, software systems that have been automatically tested and repaired. Automated software transplantation (autotransplantation) is a form of automated software engineering, where we use search based software engineering to be able to automatically move a functionality of interest from a ‘donor‘ program that implements it into a ‘host‘ program that lacks it. Autotransplantation is a kind of automated program repair where we repair the ‘host‘ program by augmenting it with the missing functionality. Automated software transplantation would open many exciting avenues for software development: suppose we could autotransplant code from one system into another, entirely unrelated, system, potentially written in a different programming language. Being able to do so might greatly enhance the software engineering practice, while reducing the costs. Automated software transplantation manifests in two different flavors: monolingual, when the languages of the host and donor programs is the same, or multilingual when the languages differ. This thesis introduces a theory of automated software transplantation, and two algorithms implemented in two tools that achieve this: µSCALPEL for monolingual software transplantation and τSCALPEL for multilingual software transplantation. Leveraging lightweight annotation, program analysis identifies an organ (interesting behavior to transplant); testing validates that the organ exhibits the desired behavior during its extraction and after its implantation into a host. We report encouraging results: in 14 of 17 monolingual transplantation experiments involving 6 donors and 4 hosts, popular real-world systems, we successfully autotransplanted 6 new functionalities; and in 10 out of 10 multlingual transplantation experiments involving 10 donors and 10 hosts, popular real-world systems written in 4 different programming languages, we successfully autotransplanted 10 new functionalities. That is, we have passed all the test suites that validates the new functionalities behaviour and the fact that the initial program behaviour is preserved. Additionally, we have manually checked the behaviour exercised by the organ. Autotransplantation is also very useful: in just 26 hours computation time we successfully autotransplanted the H.264 video encoding functionality from the x264 system to the VLC media player, a task that is currently done manually by the developers of VLC, since 12 years ago. We autotransplanted call graph generation and indentation for C programs into Kate, (a popular KDE based test editor used as an IDE by a lot of C developers) two features currently missing from Kate, but requested by the users of Kate. Autotransplantation is also efficient: the total runtime across 15 monolingual transplants is 5 hours and a half; the total runtime across 10 multilingual transplants is 33 hours

Enhancements to KAPPA, an object oriented expert system shell

Computer Scienc

Methods of design, an overview of game design techniques

Key Summary Points The design of games for learning requires knowledge of game design and of instructional design. One cannot merely be layer on top of the other. A learning game must be designed to meet pre-specified learning objectives. Games have specific characteristics that require specific design skills: they are entertaining as well as instructional, interactive, visually appealing, and often replayable

An Investigation on Benefit-Cost Analysis of Greenhouse Structures in Antalya

Significant population increase across the world, loss of cultivable land and increasing demand for food put pressure on agriculture. To meet the demand, greenhouses are built, which are, light structures with transparent cladding material in order to provide controlled microclimatic environment proper for plant production. Conceptually, greenhouses are similar with manufacturing buildings where a controlled environment for manufacturing and production have been provided and proper spaces for standardized production processes have been enabled. Parallel with the trends in the world, particularly in southern regions, greenhouse structures have been increasingly constructed and operated in Turkey. A significant number of greenhouses are located at Antalya. The satellite images demonstrated that for over last three decades, there has been a continuous invasion of greenhouses on all cultivable land. There are various researches and attempts for the improvement of greenhouse design and for increasing food production by decreasing required energy consumption. However, the majority of greenhouses in Turkey are very rudimentary structures where capital required for investment is low, but maintenance requirements are high when compared with new generation greenhouse structures. In this research paper, life-long capital requirements for construction and operation of greenhouse buildings in Antalya has been investigated by using benefit-cost analysis study

Knowledge Capturing in Design Briefing Process for Requirement Elicitation and Validation

Knowledge capturing and reusing are major processes of knowledge management that deal with the elicitation of valuable knowledge via some techniques and methods for use in actual and further studies, projects, services, or products. The construction industry, as well, adopts and uses some of these concepts to improve various construction processes and stages. From pre-design to building delivery knowledge management principles and briefing frameworks have been implemented across project stakeholders: client, design teams, construction teams, consultants, and facility management teams. At pre-design and design stages, understanding the client’s needs and users’ knowledge are crucial for identifying and articulating the expected requirements and objectives. Due to underperforming results and missed goals and objectives, many projects finish with highly dissatisfied clients and loss of contracts for some organizations. Knowledge capturing has beneficial effects via its principles and methods on requirement elicitation and validation at the briefing stage between user, client and designer. This paper presents the importance and usage of knowledge capturing and reusing in briefing process at pre-design and design stages especially the involvement of client and user, and explores the techniques and technologies that are usable in briefing process for requirement elicitation