Towards Modeling Road Tunnels: A Petri Nets based Approach

This paper aims to develop a mathematical model using Petri nets to simulate the traffic flow inside the road tunnel. First, a new modular Petri net theory is used; the modeling approach shown in this paper for modeling a specific road tunnel can also be applied for the other tunnels (reusable modules). Second, since the traffic inside road tunnels is intrinsically continuous, the roads are segmented to make the processes discrete; the segments become the basic building block of road tunnel models. Third, the modular Petri net theory and the modular Petri net model are implemented using the software GPenSIM to model and analyze real-life road tunnels.publishedVersio

Use of Petri Nets to Manage Civil Engineering Infrastructures

Over the last years there has been a shift, in the most developed countries, in investment and efforts within the construction sector. On the one hand, these countries have built infrastructures able to respond to current needs over the last decades, reducing the need for investments in new infrastructures now and in the near future. On the other hand, most of the infrastructures present clear signs of deterioration, making it fundamental to invest correctly in their recovery. The ageing of infrastructure together with the scarce budgets available for maintenance and rehabilitation are the main reasons for the development of decision support tools, as a mean to maximize the impact of investments. The objective of the present work is to develop a methodology for optimizing maintenance strategies, considering the available information on infrastructure degradation and the impact of maintenance in economic terms and loss of functionality, making possible the implementation of a management system transversal to different types of civil engineering infrastructures. The methodology used in the deterioration model is based on the concept of timed Petri nets. The maintenance model was built from the deterioration model, including the inspection, maintenance and renewal processes. The optimization of maintenance is performed through genetic algorithms. The deterioration and maintenance model was applied to components of two types of infrastructure: bridges (pre-stressed concrete decks and bearings) and buildings (ceramic claddings). The complete management system was used to analyse a section of a road network. All examples are based on Portuguese data

Developing Models of Road Tunnels with Petri Nets

This thesis aimed to develop a mathematical model using a Petri net to simulate the traffic flow inside the road tunnel. The purpose was to create a single-lane tunnel that could simulate the flow while also including an event, which slows down a vehicle to cause congestion. The program uses modules to divided the tunnel into smaller segments and compute the vehicle distance inside these segments. Three different simulations using four tunnel segments yield an expected outcome, except for higher vehicle numbers due to the tunnel segment being too long. The program is still not usable and requires further development before put into practice

Developing Models of Road Tunnels with Petri Nets

1200 road tunnels have been built in Norway's European, national, and county road networks. Length, incline, and traffic volume vary, and it may cross through fjords or mountains, have one or two runs, and be near or far from populous areas. Variation is high, and the development of new road tunnels is a never-ending process; as a result, new records are being established, the country's transportation systems and infrastructure are growing more complex, and more people rely on driving in tunnels. As science and technology advance, new solutions are developed to improve tunnel safety and prevent accidents by boosting safeguards. Several studies have been undertaken to investigate the causes of traffic accidents and create preventative methods. Most accident occurs on open roadways. However, tunnels tend to cause serious accidents especially in the inner zone. This thesis used Petri Nets. It's a flexible and easy-to-use network that helps explain, analyse, and simulate complex systems using real-time data so you can better understand the problem or system. The suggested model offers a simple user interface and requires little math. The paper included a GPenSIM model and a brief review of tunnels and vehicle traffic. Different models are crated in this thesis with varying complexity. The last model simulates a tunnel with a roundabout inside. Here data from the Norwegian Road Authorities are used to see of the model can simulate a realistic scenario. The data shows that the model is performing as expected and that the tunnel manages to deal with the traffic volume during peak hours. The model also allows to change the traffic volume to simulate if the tunnel can handle the additional number of vehicles. As constructed tunnels need to take future traffic volume into account, this simulation feature gives useful insight to the tunnels ability to handle the increase

Overview on agent-based social modelling and the use of formal languages

Transdisciplinary Models and Applications investigates a variety of programming languages used in validating and verifying models in order to assist in their eventual implementation. This book will explore different methods of evaluating and formalizing simulation models, enabling computer and industrial engineers, mathematicians, and students working with computer simulations to thoroughly understand the progression from simulation to product, improving the overall effectiveness of modeling systems.Postprint (author's final draft

Intersection Collision Avoidance For Autonomous Vehicles Using Petri Nets

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Autonomous vehicles currently dominate the automobile field for their impact on humanity and society. Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV’s) are vehicles that use different communication technologies to communicate with other vehicles, infrastructure, the cloud, etc. With the information received from the sensors present, the vehicles analyze and take necessary steps for smooth, collision-free driving. This the sis talks about the cruise control system along with the intersection collision avoidance system based on Petri net models. It consists of two internal controllers for velocity and distance control, respectively, and three external ones for collision avoidance. Fault-tolerant redundant controllers are designed to keep these three controllers in check. The model is built using a PN toolbox and tested for various scenarios. The model is also validated, and its distinct properties are analyzed