Applying contextual memory cues for retrieval from personal information archives

Advances in digital technologies for information capture combined with massive increases in the capacity of digital storage media mean that it is now possible to capture and store one’s entire life experiences in a Human Digital Memory (HDM). Information can be captured from a myriad of personal information devices including desktop computers, PDAs, digital cameras, video and audio recorders, and various sensors, including GPS, Bluetooth, and biometric devices. These diverse collections of personal information are potentially very valuable, but will only be so if significant information can be reliably retrieved from them. HDMs differ from traditional document collections for which existing search technologies have been developed since users may have poor recollection of contents or even the existence of stored items. Additionally HDM data is highly heterogeneous and unstructured, making it difficult to form search queries. We believe that a Personal Information Management (PIM) system which exploits the context of information capture, and potentially of earlier refinding, can be valuable in effective retrieval from an HDM. We report an investigation into how individuals perform searches of their personal information, and use the outcome of this study to develop an information retrieval (IR) framework for HDM search incorporating the context of document capture. We then describe the creation of a pilot HDM test collection, and initial experiments in retrieval from this collection. Results from these experiments indicate that use of context data can be significantly beneficial to increasing the efficient retrieval of partially recalled items from an HDM

การออกแบบกระบวนการลงลายมือชื่อดิจิทัลตามตำแหน่งงานสำหรับหน่วยงานภาครัฐ (THE DESIGN OF THE POSITION BASED DIGITAL SIGNATURE PROCESSES FOR THE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS)

ระบบเอกสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ (e-Document) เป็นระบบสารสนเทศหลักที่ช่วยเพิ่มความคล่องตัวในการปฏิบัติงานขององค์กร การลงลายมือชื่อดิจิทัลเป็นส่วนสำคัญในการจัดส่งเอกสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์สำหรับตรวจสอบและยืนยันตัวบุคคลที่จัดส่งเอกสารและเป็นบุคคลที่มีอำนาจในการลงนามเอกสารได้ งานวิจัยนี้เป็นการนำเสนอแนวคิดการออกแบบกระบวนการนำการลงลายมือชื่อดิจิทัลมาใช้ในการประทับตราตามตำแหน่งงานและกรอบแนวคิดระบบบริหารจัดการใบรับรองอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ตามตำแหน่งงานสำหรับใช้ในการพัฒนาระบบเอกสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ภายในหน่วยงาน โดยใช้ระบบกุญแจสาธารณะ (Public Key Infrastructure) ที่มีการเข้ารหัสแบบอสมมาตร (Asymmetric Key Cryptography)ผลการประเมินพบว่าการใช้กุญแจหลัก (Personal Master Key) มีความเหมาะสมกับการรับรองลายมือชื่ออิเล็กทรอนิกส์แบบอิงตำแหน่งงานที่สุด เนื่องจากวิธีการลงทะเบียน การลงลายมือชื่อไม่ซับซ้อน และการตรวจสอบความถูกต้องของเอกสารเป็นที่ยอมรับคำสำคัญ: การลงลายมือชื่อดิจิทัล  เอกสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์  ตราประทับเวลาอิเล็กทรอนิกส์e-Document is one of the most important information system (IS) which increase the flexibility of working processes. The digital signature is a vital part in the e-Documents mechanism for identifying user and verifying the user’s authority to sign the document. This paper presents the concept of designing the position based digital signature process and certificate management framework for implementing internal e-Document system which increases using Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) with Asymmetric Key Cryptography.The results presented that the Personal Master Key is suitable for position-based digital signature. Based on the easy registration, simple sign process and acceptable document verification.Keywords: Digital Signature, Electronics Document, Electronics Timestam

Digital Shoeboxes: the history and future of personal performance archiving

Personal performance archiving describes a practice in which individuals who regularly attend live performances document their experiences, usually through the collection of documents such as programmes, playbills, cast sheets, ticket stubs, posters and leaflets. This is a form of documenting performance which intersects with the related field of serious leisure. Personal performance archiving relies on the collection and storage of physical documents, yet in this age of rapidly advancing digital technologies and social media, born-digital documents are beginning to take precedence in event management. This will undoubtedly affect these kinds of hobbyist archivists. This project strives to understand three main topics; what information can be taken from archived performance documents, how audience members are currently documenting and archiving their experience, and how the increase of digitisation and born-digital documents will affect this practice. This project used a survey to determine the current collecting and archiving preferences of modern theatregoers, several collections of physical and digitised programmes to compare style and content over different eras, and contains a literature review concerning current and future digital modes of performance documentation

Le patrimoine numérique, le Web et la mort

Travail personnel dans le cadre de SCI6850, recherche individuelle, en vue d'obtenir trois crédits. Présenté à l'École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l'information.Étude de la littérature accessible à l'Université de Montréal sur le thème du patrimoine numérique et des archives numériques personnelles dans la perspective de la mort. Gestion documentaire, inventaire et testament numérique. Aspect des proches, de l'accès au patrimoine numérique, à son traitement ainsi que du rôle du Web dans le processus de deuil et de commémoration. Pistes d'avenir.Study of the available literature at Université de Montréal about digital legacy, digital personal archives in the perspective of death. Document management, inventory and digital will. Viewpoint of the relatives, access and treatment of the digital legacy, role of Web in mourning process and commemoration. Avenues of future

Documents Management System, E-Services Provided From Tirana Municipality

Document Management System and e-services delivery is a system thatenables management of documents, archiving, workflow processing, onlineapplication forms, and response return in digital format [1]. This system isimplemented to assist the Municipality of Tirana in planning and managing of itsservice delivery and strengthening accountability in relation to citizens, interested inobtaining these services. The system is built according to specific needs of eachdepartment. In the context of the transparency delivered by the Municipality ofTirana, citizens are able to apply online and also to check the status of theirapplication.E-services platform is an Internet portal dedicated to help the citizens. Eservicesis based on system identification that enables citizens to use a range ofservices, such as access to personal information, administrative practices, paymentof fines, etc. For all these services is necessary a secure recognition of the user, inorder to enable the latter access to personal data

Paperspace : a novel approach to document management by combining paper and digital documents

Personal document management systems provide good support for storing and organizing digital documents. However, there are no computer tools that support organization of paper documents on our desks. We ran a study of people's organization of their office desk space with respect to their digital workspace. This study resulted in a set of requirements for a media bridging tool. Based on these requirements, we built a prototype media bridging tool called PaperSpace that uses computer vision to link paper and digital documents. The system also tracks piles of paper documents on the real desktop, and links those papers to digital documents stored in the computer. Digital documents can be sorted and grouped according to the physical layout of the corresponding papers on the desk. The system automatically creates digital piles of documents in a simulated desktop that reflect the paper piles on the real desktop. The user can access valuable information through the system, such as printing statistics, location of a printed document on the desk, and past projects and their documents. A two week user evaluation of the system showed interesting usage scenarios and future trends for improving user interaction

Legal Issues about Metadata: Data Privacy vs Information Security

International audienceFor the purposes of our work we use the concept of metadata to implement enterprise digital right management mechanisms in an intelligent document environment. Such metadata allow us to firstly define contextual security rules and secondly to ensure the information traceability. However, its use may have legal implications, especially with regard to metadata that can be stored (see personal data, privacy), how it should be stored (see probative value in case of litigation, digital forensics) or computer processing in which it may be involved. Another topical issue is the storage and the processing of data using a service provider: the cloud. We must ensure, however, that this solution does not lead to a loss of information controllability for the company. This article aims to position our work with respect to these legal issues

The modern way of performing construction management responsibilities

Digital technologies are becoming increasingly wide-spread both in our personal and in our professional lives. This change has been evident also in the construction industry, although the industry has been identified as one of the least digitalised industry sectors. This research investigates how various digital technologies have become and are becoming part of construction management responsibilities. Construction management responsibilities have been identified through a document analysis as eight responsibility groups including management of time, cost, quality, health and safety, environmental factors, resources, and contracts, and development of human resources and processes. Construction management related digital technologies on the other hand have been identified through a document analysis and a systematic literature review and categorised under communication and other enabling technologies, technologies combining hardware and software in intelligent systems, and data technologies. The way how the construction management responsibilities and the digital technologies interlink forms a description of the modern way of performing construction management responsibilities. Some of the technologies are in everyday use across construction management professionals, however, many are at their pilot stage offering a perspective not just to the present but to the near future for the whole discipline.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Supporting document management in complex multitask environments

In this thesis, the challenges for the support of information workers in the domain of personal information management are addressed. In Chapter 1 three major challenges are identified: 1) information overload and fragmentation, 2) multitasking within an unstructured, frequently interrupted workflow, and 3) increasing mobility demand. It has been argued that dedicated support of current needs in personal information management will help to overcome the challenges, reduce information and cognitive overload, and facilitate performance of information workers. Investigating the current needs of information workers, one has to focus on those that are currently supported by paper document management and transfer the mechanisms of this support to the digital domain. Our studies have addressed the role of paper documents in dealing with each of the three identified challenges. In the first study, presented in Chapter 2, paper document management has been discussed in relation with information overload and fragmentation. The study used contextual interviewing technique, with participants interviewed at their workplace. The results showed that information workers keep actively using task-related collections of paper documents. By grouping task-related documents from different origins together, information workers create a representation of a "stable state" within a task, which helps to resume the task after an interruption that is almost inevitable in a multitasking environment. To investigate task-switching patterns, related to document manipulation, and factors influencing the occurrence of the patterns, an observational study was performed, described in Chapter 3. This study identified eight task switching patterns, which varied in the explicitness of an indication of a task state in the environment and in the level of subject’s activity directed to indicate the task state at the moments of switching. Among the identified influencing factors, the reason for the switch (self-switching or external interruption) had an effect on the occurrence of subjectactive patterns. Self-switching usually resulted in user-active document manipulation in the environment which could not be observed during external interruptions. The domain where the last action was performed also had an influence on the switching pattern, with active manipulation of documents occurring more often in the physical than in the digital domain. It has been concluded that, while switching tasks in an unstructured multitasking workflow, manipulation of paper documents plays an important role in creating a stable state at the moments of switching between tasks. We hypothesized that paper documents possess visually distinctive attributes that are associated with the semantics of the related tasks. By manipulating task-related documents at the moments of task switching, these visually distinctive attributes change, reflecting the changes in the task state. This hypothesis has been tested in a study using triad elicitation interview technique in combination with laddering, presented in Chapter 4. As a result, we developed a clustered model of relationships among identified visual cues of paper documents and semantic judgments of the tasks. The relationships among clusters have been analyzed based on three criteria: content-dependency, flexibility, and effort, which together define ease of manipulation for each cluster of visual cues. It has been concluded that physical environment, in particular, task-relevant paper documents, allow flexible encoding of task-related semantic cues into available environmental visual cues. This mechanism needs to be transferred to the digital domain, especially to support mobility of information workers. This research suggested that the extensive use of paper documents in the digital era can be largely explained by the embodiment of paper as a part of physical environment in which a human acts. Chapter 5 summarized the results of all studies into a set of requirements for the design of a personal information management system. We proposed a layered framework for presenting the requirements from the point of view of task decomposition and discussed the needs of the information workers related to each layer. For each of the aforementioned layers within the framework, requirements for the design of a digital system were presented and discussed in detail. Chapter 6 revised the challenges discussed in Chapter 1 from the point of view of the findings, summarized methodology and contribution of the research and reflected on the most prominent results