Design of an essentially non-oscillatory reconstruction procedure in finite-element type meshes

An essentially non oscillatory reconstruction for functions defined on finite element type meshes is designed. Two related problems are studied: the interpolation of possibly unsmooth multivariate functions on arbitary meshes and the reconstruction of a function from its averages in the control volumes surrounding the nodes of the mesh. Concerning the first problem, the behavior of the highest coefficients of two polynomial interpolations of a function that may admit discontinuities of locally regular curves is studied: the Lagrange interpolation and an approximation such that the mean of the polynomial on any control volume is equal to that of the function to be approximated. This enables the best stencil for the approximation to be chosen. The choice of the smallest possible number of stencils is addressed. Concerning the reconstruction problem, two methods were studied: one based on an adaptation of the so called reconstruction via deconvolution method to irregular meshes and one that lies on the approximation on the mean as defined above. The first method is conservative up to a quadrature formula and the second one is exactly conservative. The two methods have the expected order of accuracy, but the second one is much less expensive than the first one. Some numerical examples are given which demonstrate the efficiency of the reconstruction

UK Housing Bubbles and Contagion: Identification under Cross-Sectional Dependence and Spatial Heterogeneity

Recent trends in econometrics have led to a proliferation of statistical tools that lend themselves to data-driven evaluations of the housing market (Phillips et al., 2011, 2015; Bailey et al., 2016). This thesis evaluates the suitability of existing statistical procedures in the identification of explosive unit root processes, alongside the analysis of price diffusion in a time and cross-sectionally dependent system. Having date-stamped three regional housing bubbles consistent with the historical narrative, the predictive ability of macroeconomic and financial variables in bubble formation is estimated. Implementing the multi-step procedure proposed by Bailey et al. (2016), we estimate a heterogeneous dynamic spatial autoregressive model of the English housing market. The spatial parameters yield unexpected results in contradiction to prevailing economic theories of spatial dependence that remain unaddressed in the literature. To this end, we derive a unifying framework that captures the endemically heterogeneous characteristics of house price spillovers with joint treatment of common factors without loss of generality. The spatio-temporal autoregressive model with factors presents a parsimonious representation of house price diffusion with directional analysis of spillovers and identification of dominant units in the network. The derived spatial and system-wide diffusion multipliers provide meaningful insights into how a perturbation in neighbourhood house price inflation impacts a given district over a specified time horizon. The results reflect the London-centric ripple effect as a dominant factor while core-periphery spillovers dominate in urbanised areas. This thesis contributes a salient evaluation of housing dynamics and network effects consistent with theories of rational bubbles, new economic geography and spatial dependence

Aeronautical engineering: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 237)

This bibliography lists 572 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February, 1989. Subject coverage includes: design, construction and testing of aircraft and aircraft engines; aircraft components, equipment and systems; ground support systems; and theoretical and applied aspects of aerodynamics and general fluid dynamics

Real options for climate change investments under uncertainty

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH