1 research outputs found
Processing techniques for improved radar detection in spiky clutter
The problem of improved radar detection of targets embedded in spiky clutter is
addressed. Two main areas where improvements may be possible are investigated,
namely improved clutter suppression by doppler filtering, and improved Constant False
Alarm Rate (CFAR) processing. The clutter suppression performance of several doppler
processors is quantified under a wide range of conditions. It is shown that in spatially
homogeneous clutter ideal optimal (Hsiao) filters offer 2 to 3 dB higher improvement
factor than conventional techniques. Adaptive Hsiao filters are evaluated under conditions
of spatially heterogeneous clutter, and it is shown that practical losses due to filter
adaptivity and spectral heterogeneity will outweigh the superior performance of ideal
Hsiao filters in homogeneous clutter. It is concluded that improved doppler filtering
offers little scope for improving detection performance in spiky clutter, and that more
significant benefits are to be gained through improved CFAR processing. The performance
of three current generation CFAR processors is evaluated in spatially uncorrelated
K-distributed clutter to quantify detection losses. It is shown that losses of in excess of
10 dB can be expected in spiky clutter. Reducing the loss by exploitation of any spatial
correlation of the underlying clutter power is investigated. To this end a mathematically
rigorous model for spatially correlated K-distributed clutter is derived. An improved
CFAR processor based on optimal weighting of reference cells is formulated and
evaluated. It is shown that in highly correlated clutter CFAR loss can be reduced by 2 to
5 dB compared to Cell Averaging CFAR processors. An alternative "RDT-CFAR"
processor is formulated to eliminate reliance on spatial correlation, and this is shown to
reduce CFAR loss by more than 10 dB in spectrally homogeneous spiky clutter.
However, an increase in false alarm rate in clutter without constant spectrum is
demonstrated. The RDT-CFAR processor has been modified to eliminate dependence on
surrounding range bins. The resulting "δ-CFAR" processor reduces CFAR loss by more
than 10 dB in even moderately spiky clutter. It is also immune to extraneous targets and
clutter edges, and its false alarm performance is insensitive to clutter spikiness