Voyager spacecraft system. Volume B - Design for the operational support equipment Final technical report, task B

Operational support equipment for Voyager flight spacecraf

Advanced EVA system design requirements study

Design requirements and criteria for the Space Station Advanced Extravehicular Activity System (EVAS) including crew enclosures, portable life support systems, maneuvering propulsion systems, and related extravehicular activity (EVA) support equipment were defined and established. The EVA mission requirements, environments, and medical and physiological requirements, as well as opertional, procedures, and training issues were considered

EU competition law and sector-specific regulation in the converging communications industry

Part I traces the evolution of EU telecommunications policy (from 1987 to 1998) and presents an overview of and commentary on the main provisions of the current EU telecommunications regulatory framework. It discusses the principal policy documents which set the tone for the transition from a monopoly to a fully liberalised market and focuses on both liberalisation and harmonisation legislative measures in the EU.Part II concentrates on specific abusive behaviour of the incumbents aimed at preserving their key bottleneck positions against newcomers, and examines how competition law can deal with such cases. In particular, it discusses the jurisprudence of the ECJ involving cases of refusal to supply and the European Commission's essential facilities cases, and attempts to define to what extent Article 82 (ex 86) of the Treaty is applicable to the control of bottlenecks. Furthermore, it analyses EU competition policy on the strategic alliances and mergers arising from the accelerating convergence of the telecommunications, media and information technology sectorsPart III examines how the current EU telecommunications regulatory regime should be adapted to the emerging multimedia environment. It concludes that, at least during the transition phase towards the realisation of an effectively competitive market, specific regulation will play a fundamental role alongside competition law. It also assesses the scope and nature of the new regulatory regime in the converging environment and submits that a light-touch and predictable regulatory framework - based on the new commercial realities rather than on arbitrary and obsolete regulatory distinctions - is required. This means that a large majority of the prescriptive regulations currently in place will need to be replaced by a harmonised framework of general principles and overall targets which can identify and monitor barriers to competition within a converging market and can ensure equal and fair conditions for market players.Part IV comments on the proposed Framework, Access, and Licensing Directives. It attempts to assess whether the forthcoming regulation for electronic communications networks and associated services is in line with the main policy objectives and those regulatory principles that underpin the existing regulatory framework and whose significance has been affirmed in responses to consultation: legal certainty, flexibility, continuity, and transparency

The marketing of non-profit organisations, a study of the application of marketing techniques and practices in the Scottish arts organisations

Typescript.Marketing has always been regarded as an important activity in business organisations. The contribution which marketing discipline can make to improve performance in non-profit organisations has received limited attention, and is comparatively an unexplored field of research. This thesis analyses the extent to which the application of marketing techniques and practices, as they are practised in profitoriented firms, can improve performance in the Scottish Arts Organisations, as a particular type of non-profit organisations. It suggests that success and better performance can be derived from two major groups of factors. These are : First, the management commitment to marketing in terms of the emphasis it places on using marketing planning, dependence on formalised and structured marketing research, and the effort it devotes to identifying users' needs and wants. Second, the efficient use of the marketing principles related to the marketing mix elements, i. e., product, price, promotion and place. A thorough examination of literature pertaining to these factors has been carried out, based upon which specific hypotheses have been formalised and tested. The empirical investigation was carried out in the Scottish Arts Organisations where six matched pairs of arts organisations, half of them successful and half unsuccessful, have been chosen as a framework for the study. Personal interviews with a structured questionnaire was the method used for data collection from these organisations. The analysis of data was carried out using the method of paired comparison where a successful organisation is compared with an unsuccessful one as a basis for determining any diversity between the two. Comparison between each pair is made using marketing "variables" which, between them, provide the essential information concerning the management attitude towards the marketing concept, and the extent to which the marketing principles related to the marketing mix element, i.e. product, price, promotion, and place, are used efficiently. Also, frequency and cross-tabulation methods are used. The findings of the field research are inconclusive in terms of distinguishing between success and failure and a number of explanations for this are examined together with proposals for further research. In general it would appear that the management of the arts organisations investigated pay only limited attention to marketing and that there are a number of areas where marketing might make a useful contribution to improving the overall efficiency of such organisations.Marketing has always been regarded as an important activity in business organisations. The contribution which marketing discipline can make to improve performance in non-profit organisations has received limited attention, and is comparatively an unexplored field of research. This thesis analyses the extent to which the application of marketing techniques and practices, as they are practised in profitoriented firms, can improve performance in the Scottish Arts Organisations, as a particular type of non-profit organisations. It suggests that success and better performance can be derived from two major groups of factors. These are : First, the management commitment to marketing in terms of the emphasis it places on using marketing planning, dependence on formalised and structured marketing research, and the effort it devotes to identifying users' needs and wants. Second, the efficient use of the marketing principles related to the marketing mix elements, i. e., product, price, promotion and place. A thorough examination of literature pertaining to these factors has been carried out, based upon which specific hypotheses have been formalised and tested. The empirical investigation was carried out in the Scottish Arts Organisations where six matched pairs of arts organisations, half of them successful and half unsuccessful, have been chosen as a framework for the study. Personal interviews with a structured questionnaire was the method used for data collection from these organisations. The analysis of data was carried out using the method of paired comparison where a successful organisation is compared with an unsuccessful one as a basis for determining any diversity between the two. Comparison between each pair is made using marketing "variables" which, between them, provide the essential information concerning the management attitude towards the marketing concept, and the extent to which the marketing principles related to the marketing mix element, i.e. product, price, promotion, and place, are used efficiently. Also, frequency and cross-tabulation methods are used. The findings of the field research are inconclusive in terms of distinguishing between success and failure and a number of explanations for this are examined together with proposals for further research. In general it would appear that the management of the arts organisations investigated pay only limited attention to marketing and that there are a number of areas where marketing might make a useful contribution to improving the overall efficiency of such organisations

Mission and data operations IBM 360 user's guide

The M and DO computer systems are introduced and supplemented. The hardware and software status is discussed, along with standard processors and user libraries. Data management techniques are presented, as well as machine independence, debugging facilities, and overlay considerations

Dichlorobenzenes

Prepared by Syracuse Research Corporation under contract no. 200-2004-09793 for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry."A Toxicological Profile for dichlorobenzenes, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2004. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile."-- p. iii.Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-396) and index.2006200-2004-0979

Exposures to Mixtures of Air Pollutants: Analysis of Biological, Personal and Area Monitoring.

The objective of this dissertation is to understand the nature and significance of exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by characterizing exposure distributions, trends, mixtures, and determinants. VOC data were drawn from two datasets: the Relationship between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air study (RIOPA), the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The RIOPA study collected outdoor, indoor and personal VOCs twice in three U.S. cities. NHANES, nationally representative samples, collected both blood and personal VOCs. To estimate extreme exposures, generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions were fitted to the top 5 and 10% of VOCs. Simulated extreme value datasets were compared to observations. VOC trends in 1988 - 2004 were evaluated using linear quantile regression models at three quantiles. VOC mixtures were identified using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and by toxicological mode of action. Dependency structures of mixture components were examined using copulas. Results from copulas and multivariate lognormal models were compared to observations. Exposure determinants were identified using linear mixed-effect models. Extreme value exposures fitted the GEV distributions. Lognormal distributions significantly underestimated the likelihood of extrema. In NHANES, most VOCs showed decreasing trends at all quantiles. Trends varied by VOC and quantile, and were grouped into three patterns: similar decreases at all quantiles, most rapid decreases at upper quantiles, and fastest declines at central quantiles. Four VOC mixtures were identified by PMF (gasoline vapor, vehicle exhaust, chlorinated solvents and disinfection by-products, and cleaning products and odorants). Three mixtures were identified by toxicological mode of action (hematopoietic, liver and renal tumors). The dependency structures of the VOC mixtures fitted Gumbel and t copulas. The copulas accurately reproduced risk predictions, and performed better than multivariate lognormal distributions. The analysis of VOC determinants showed that exposures were affected by indoor concentrations, city, and some personal activities, household characteristics and meteorological factors. Exposure data feature extreme values, temporal changes, dependency structures, and other complex characteristics. Advanced statistical methods can improve estimates exposures and risks, and are needed to develop control and management guidelines and policies. These results extend our understanding of and ability to model VOC exposures.PhDEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/97924/1/joefcsu_1.pd