Compact Broadband Antenna with Vicsek Fractal Slots for WLAN and WiMAX Applications

This paper aims to design a compact broadband antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) applications. The suggested antenna consists of an octagonal radiator with Vicsek fractal slots and a partial ground plane, it is printed on FR-4 dielectric substrate, and its global dimension is 50 x 50 x 1.6 mm(3). The antenna is designed and constructed using both CST MICROWAVE STUDIO(R) and CADFEKO electromagnetic solver, and in order to validate the acquired simulation results, the antenna is manufactured and tested using vector network analyzer E5071C. The measurement results show that the designed antenna attains a broadband bandwidth (S-11 < -10 dB) from 2.48 to 6.7 GHz resonating at 3.6 and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The broadband bandwidth covers the two required bands: WiMAX at the frequencies 2.3/2.5/3.3/3.5/5/5.5 GHz and WLAN at the frequencies 3.6/2.4-2.5/4.9-5.9 GHz. In addition, the suggested antenna provides good gains of 2.78 dBi and 5.32 dBi, omnidirectional measured radiation patterns in the E-plane and the H-plane and high efficiencies of 88.5% and 84.6% at the resonant frequencies. A close agreement of about 90% between simulation and measurement results is noticed

Compact broadband antenna with Vicsek fractal slots for WLAN and WiMAX applications

This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Technologies and Systems Enabling 6G.This paper aims to design a compact broadband antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) applications. The suggested antenna consists of an octagonal radiator with Vicsek fractal slots and a partial ground plane, it is printed on FR-4 dielectric substrate, and its global dimension is 50 × 50 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna is designed and constructed using both CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® and CADFEKO electromagnetic solver, and in order to validate the acquired simulation results, the antenna is manufactured and tested using vector network analyzer E5071C. The measurement results show that the designed antenna attains a broadband bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) from 2.48 to 6.7 GHz resonating at 3.6 and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The broadband bandwidth covers the two required bands: WiMAX at the frequencies 2.3/2.5/3.3/3.5/5/5.5 GHz and WLAN at the frequencies 3.6/2.4–2.5/4.9–5.9 GHz. In addition, the suggested antenna provides good gains of 2.78 dBi and 5.32 dBi, omnidirectional measured radiation patterns in the E-plane and the H-plane and high efficiencies of 88.5% and 84.6% at the resonant frequencies. A close agreement of about 90% between simulation and measurement results is noticed.The authors appreciate the funding from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant 801538. In addition the partial support from the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/58), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is acknowledged

Design of Compact Monopole Antenna using Double U-DMS Resonators for WLAN, LTE, and WiMAX Applications

This paper is under in-depth investigation due to suspicion of possible plagiarism on a high similarity indexIn this research, a novel wide-band microstrip antenna for wideband applications is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating patch and a partial ground plane with a smal rectangular notch-shape. Two symmetrical U-slots are etched in radiating patch. The defected microstrip U-shapes and the small notch improve the antenna characterestics such impedance wideband and the gain along the transmission area. The proposed antenna is simulated on an FR4 substrate of a dielectric constant of 4.3, thickness 1.6 mm, permittivity 4.4, and loss tangent 0.018. The simulation and optimization results are carried out using CST software.The antenna topology occupies an area of 30 × 40 × 0.8 mm3 or about 0.629λg × 0.839λg × 0.017λg at 3 GHz (the centerresonance frequency). The antenna covers the range of 2.1711 to 4.0531 GHz, which meet the requirements of the wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and LTE (Long Term Evolution) band applications. Good VSWR, return loss and radiation pattern characteristics are obtained in the frequency band of interest. The obtained Simulation results for this antenna depict that it exhibits good radiation behavior within the transmission frequency range

Wideband and UWB antennas for wireless applications. A comprehensive review

A comprehensive review concerning the geometry, the manufacturing technologies, the materials, and the numerical techniques, adopted for the analysis and design of wideband and ultrawideband (UWB) antennas for wireless applications, is presented. Planar, printed, dielectric, and wearable antennas, achievable on laminate (rigid and flexible), and textile dielectric substrates are taken into account. The performances of small, low-profile, and dielectric resonator antennas are illustrated paying particular attention to the application areas concerning portable devices (mobile phones, tablets, glasses, laptops, wearable computers, etc.) and radio base stations. This information provides a guidance to the selection of the different antenna geometries in terms of bandwidth, gain, field polarization, time-domain response, dimensions, and materials useful for their realization and integration in modern communication systems

UWB Technology

Ultra Wide Band (UWB) technology has attracted increasing interest and there is a growing demand for UWB for several applications and scenarios. The unlicensed use of the UWB spectrum has been regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) since the early 2000s. The main concern in designing UWB circuits is to consider the assigned bandwidth and the low power permitted for transmission. This makes UWB circuit design a challenging mission in today's community. Various circuit designs and system implementations are published in this book to give the reader a glimpse of the state-of-the-art examples in this field. The book starts at the circuit level design of major UWB elements such as filters, antennas, and amplifiers; and ends with the complete system implementation using such modules

Antenna Designs for 5G/IoT and Space Applications

This book is intended to shed some light on recent advances in antenna design for these new emerging applications and identify further research areas in this exciting field of communications technologies. Considering the specificity of the operational environment, e.g., huge distance, moving support (satellite), huge temperature drift, small dimension with respect to the distance, etc, antennas, are the fundamental device allowing to maintain a constant interoperability between ground station and satellite, or different satellites. High gain, stable (in temperature, and time) performances, long lifecycle are some of the requirements that necessitates special attention with respect to standard designs. The chapters of this book discuss various aspects of the above-mentioned list presenting the view of the authors. Some of the contributors are working strictly in the field (space), so they have a very targeted view on the subjects, while others with a more academic background, proposes futuristic solutions. We hope that interested reader, will find a fertile source of information, that combined with their interest/background will allow efficiently exploiting the combination of these two perspectives

A novel compact fractal UWB antenna with triple reconfigurable notch reject bands applications

A compact, circular UWB fractal antenna with triple reconfigurable notch rejection bands is proposed. It rejects the crowded frequency bands WiMAX, WLAN and X band interferences produced in UWB communication systems. The proposed fractal structure consists of a basic circular patch with circular fractal iterations. By employing this new structure of fractals, the overall size of antenna is reduced 53% to 21 × 25 mm, in comparison with traditional circular monopole antenna. The implemented antenna operates at 3.1–10 GHz. Re-configurability is realized by designing slots and split ring resonators in desired frequencies with the attached PIN diodes. WLAN band rejection was realized by creating a pair of optimized L-shaped slots in the ground plane. By etching a split ring resonator and a U-shaped slot, X and WiMAX bands were also rejected. Furthermore, by attaching diodes to aforementioned slots and designating the diodes on/off, different bands can be included or rejected. In time domain, the antenna properties are evaluated by a figure of merit called fidelity factor. Finally, the antenna properties are measured in anechoic chamber and the results agrees with simulation findings

Passive Planar Microwave Devices

The aim of this book is to highlight some recent advances in microwave planar devices. The development of planar technologies still generates great interest because of their many applications in fields as diverse as wireless communications, medical instrumentation, remote sensing, etc. In this book, particular interest has been focused on an electronically controllable phase shifter, wireless sensing, a multiband textile antenna, a MIMO antenna in microstrip technology, a miniaturized spoof plasmonic antipodal Vivaldi antenna, a dual-band balanced bandpass filter, glide-symmetric structures, a transparent multiband antenna for vehicle communications, a multilayer bandpass filter with high selectivity, microwave planar cutoff probes, and a wideband transition from microstrip to ridge empty substrate integrated waveguide

A high bandwidth dimension ratio compact super wide band-flower slotted microstrip patch antenna for millimeter wireless applications

A compact high bandwidth ratio (BDR) super wide band flower slotted micro strip patch antenna (SWB-FSMPA) for super wide band (SWB) applications is presented. The SWB-FSMPA is constructed on a FR-4 substrate having a size of 16 × 22 mm2. The SWB-FSMPA incorporates a 50 Ω tapered micro strip line and a rectangular beveled defected ground structure (RB-DGS). This design enables a simulation bandwidth from 3.78 to 109.86 GHz, allowing for coverage of various wireless applications such as WiMAX (3.3–3.6 GHz), 5G (3.3–3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz), UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz), Ku– (12–18 GHz), K– (18–27 GHz), Ka– (27–40 GHz), V– (40–75 GHz), and W– (75–110 GHz) millimeter wave bands. The SWB-FSMPA antenna exhibits a gain that varies within the range of 3.22–7.23 dBi and a peak efficiency of 93.3 %. The SWB-FSMPA possesses a bandwidth ratio (BR) of 29.1:1, a BDR of 5284 in the frequency domain, a minimal group delay (GD) fluctuation of <0.48 ns, and a linear phase in the time domain, making it well-suited for SWB applications