34,190 research outputs found
An attachment theory perspective in the examination of relational processes associated with coach-athlete dyads
The aim of the current study was to examine actor and partner effects of (a) athletes' and coaches' attachment styles (avoidant and anxious) on the quality of the coach-athlete relationship, and (b) athletes' and coaches' quality of the coach-athlete relationship on relationship satisfaction employing the actor-partner interdependence model (Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006). Coaches (N = 107) and athletes (N = 107) completed a questionnaire related to attachment styles, relationship quality, and relationship satisfaction. Structural equation model analyses revealed (a) actor effects for coaches' and athletes' avoidant attachment styles on their own perception of relationship quality and coaches' and athletes' perception of relationship quality on their own perception of relationship satisfaction, and (b) partner effects for athletes' avoidant attachment style on coaches' perceptions of relationship quality and for coaches' perceptions of relationship quality on athletes' perceptions of relationship satisfaction. The findings highlight that attachments styles can help us understand the processes involved in the formation and maintenance of quality relational bonds between coaches and athletes
Parental rearing style as a predictor of attachment and psychosocial adjustment during young adulthood
Parental rearing-styles are crucial for psychosocial adjustment both during childhood and adulthood. The current study examined whether: (a) parental rearing-styles predicted psychosocial adjustment in young-adulthood, (b) this relationship was mediated by attachment styles , and ( c ) gender differences occur in these relationships. Two hundred and forty (103 male and 132 female) university students completed measures assessing parental rearing-style , current attachment style, romantic relationship satisfaction, friendship quality, self-esteem, and social competence. Multigroup structural equation modelling, conducted separately by gender, revealed that parental rearing-style predicted psychosocial adjustment during young-adulthood. Further, there was also evidence of gender differences and that self-models and other-models of attachment mediated this relationship. Together, these findings reinforce the importance of perceived parental rearing-style for subsequent psychosocial adjustment
An Investigation of Developmental Precursors and Consequences of Self-Sacrificing Behaviors in Young Adult Romantic Relationships
It has been well established that the early attachment relationship a child forms with their parent or caregiver is foundational in influencing subsequent relationships throughout life. Adolescence itself is also a critical developmental period for future relationship development. The current study therefore was interested in examining ways in which attachment orientations youth carry into adolescence combine with parental influences to shape teens’ future relational behaviors and attitudes in young adulthood. Specifically, the parental influences of promotion of autonomy and positive relatedness, as well as parental valuing of prosocial behaviors and self-directed behavior during adolescence were investigated in interaction with early attachment orientations to gain a more nuanced understanding of motivations of self-sacrificing behaviors in young adult romantic relationships. Further, this study aimed to examine the subsequent consequences of self-sacrificing behaviors on overall romantic relational quality and personal well-being. Results suggest a mix of conflicting and corroborating evidence for the proposed hypotheses. The current findings have important implications for understanding the developmental effects that attachment orientations and parental influences have on future relational behavior and quality, as well as understanding the role of self-sacrificing behaviors on relationship and individual health
The Role of Verbal Aggression and Humor in Father-Son Relationships and Its Impact on Relational Satisfaction
The purpose of this study was the examine the role of verbal aggression and humor within the father and adult son relationship. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between verbal aggression and humor orientation and how this relationship impacted relational satisfaction within the father and son dyad. A total of 101 father and son pairs were surveyed. The Humor Orientation scale (Booth-Butterfield & Booth-Butterfield, 1991) and the Verbal Aggression Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986) were used to measure communication traits and a modified version of Quality Marriage Index (Norton, 1983) was used to measure relational satisfaction. Generally, most of the verbally aggressive message types were not significantly related to humor orientation. That being said, teasing was the only verbally aggressive message type to be significantly and negatively related to humor orientation. Further analysis found several significant main effects and interactions impacting relational satisfaction. Most notably, fathers\u27 humor orientation, fathers\u27 verbal aggression, and the interaction between fathers\u27 humor orientation and fathers\u27 verbal aggression were significant predictors of both fathers\u27 and sons\u27 relational satisfaction. Directions for future research are presente
Keeping Quiet: Self-silencing and its association with relational and individual functioning among adolescent romantic couples
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between self-silencing and aspects of relational and individual functioning among adolescent couple members involved in romantic relationships. Two hundred and eleven adolescent couples dating for a minimum of four weeks completed questionnaires assessing relationship satisfaction, self-silencing behaviors, sexual behaviors, global communication, and experiences of depressive symptomatology. Adolescent couples also participated in a videotaped conflictual interaction and rated perceptions of themselves and their partner on dimensions of frustration, conceding, sarcasm, and discomfort.
Data analyses addressed the effect of self-silencing on aspects of relational and individual functioning for both actor (the person doing the self-silencing) and partner. Results indicated that self-silencing couple members reported earlier age of transition to first sexual intercourse and greater discomfort refusing sexual activity from his or her partner. Self-silencing couple members also reported conceding to their partner during a conflictual discussion and poor global communication within the relationship overall. Self-silencing couple members also reported greater experiences of depressive symptomatology. This relationship was not stronger among adolescent girls compared to adolescent boys.
Partners of self-silencing couple members reported feelings of frustration and discomfort when interacting with the self-silencing member. Reports of self-silencing by one couple member were not associated with his or her partner’s reports of depressive symptoms, global communication, or sexual behaviors.
Significant actor and partner effects were not found for the association between relationship satisfaction and self-silencing, but correlational analyses by gender did reveal a significant negative correlation among adolescent girls. Self-silencing girls reported poor relationship satisfaction overall.
Self-silencing, or the inhibition of self-expression appears to play a role in shaping adolescent romantic relationships. The results of this study provide evidence that self-silencing affects multiple aspects of intimate relationships, including communication patterns, sexual activity, and ultimately the quality of relational and individual functioning. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are explored
Coparental communication, relational satisfaction, and mental health in stepfamilies
This study tested a series of actor–partner interdependence models of coparental communication, relational satisfaction, and mental health in stepfamilies. Participants included 127 couples (N = 254). Results revealed 2 actor-oriented models whereby parents’ and stepparents’ coparental communication quality positively predicted their own (but not their partners’) satisfaction and mental health. A final model revealed that parents’ relational satisfaction mediated the effect of coparental communication on their own mental health. A similar pattern emerged for stepparents, although coparental communication continued to have a direct, positive effect on stepparents’ mental health. Importantly, parents’ coparental communication produced an inverse partner effect on stepparents’ mental health, highlighting the potential stress stepparents may experience as they are called upon to help raise their spouse’s offspring
Exploring the Mechanisms of the Connection between Offspring‟s Perceptions of Interparental Conflict and their Current Relationship Functioning
The effects of interparental conflict upon offspring‟s own relationships and marriages have been well-documented and current research has narrowed its focus to the examination of the mediators and moderators of this transmission of relational patterns across generations. Two hundred and thirty-nine undergraduate participants completed measures assessing their perceptions of their parents‟ conflict, social cognitions about relationships, their communication patterns in their relationships, and their current relationship satisfaction. Results showed that offspring‟s attitudes toward marriage mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and offspring‟s current relationship satisfaction, even while accounting for communication patterns in relationships. Further, it was found that attitudes toward marriage mediated the relationship between interparental conflict resolution and offspring‟s current relationship satisfaction, again, while controlling for communication patterns. Results emphasized the unique impact of social cognitions in relationships, and in addition, the powerful effects of observing parental conflict resolution for offspring, as it may reinforce positive view of marital relationships that offspring might then apply to their own relationships. Limitations and directions for future research are addressed
Models of collaboration between psychologist and family doctor: a systematic review of primary care psychology
open2noThe prevalence of psychological suffering is greater than the actual request for clinical consultation in Europe (Alonso et al., 2004). In Italy, no more than 5.5% of the population requested psychological assistance during lifetime (Miglioretti et al., 2008). There are different obstacles that prevent the access to mental health services, such as economic restrictions (Mulder et al., 2011), cultural prejudice (Kim et al., 2010), and lack of knowledge about the service providers that can answer to the patient’s psychological needs (Molinari et al., 2012).
Therefore, the psychologist is often consulted as a last resort, only after everything else has failed, when problems have become severe, and thus requiring longer, more intensive, and expensive treatments. The introduction of the Primary Care Psychologist, a professional who works together with the family doctor, allows to overcome the above-mentioned problems and intercept unexpressed needs for psychological assistance. This professional role is operating in many countries since several years. In this study, current literature concerning different models of collaboration between physician and psychologist, in Europe and in Italy, was reviewed.
A systematic search of Web of Science (ISI), Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was conducted using the initial search terms Primary Care Psychologist, Family Doctor, Primary Care, Collaborative Practice, and several relevant papers were identified.
The review has shown the improved quality of care when mental health care is integrated into primary. Analyzing how different programs are implemented, results indicated that the more efficacious models of Primary Care Psychology are those tailored on the environment’s needs.The results of our systematic review stress the importance of the Primary Care Psychologist implementation also in Italy, to intercept unexpressed psychological needs and enhance clients’ quality of life.openFrancesca, Bianco; Enrico, BenelliBianco, Francesca; Benelli, Enric
Young adult romantic couples’ conflict resolution and satisfaction varies with partner’s Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder type
Attention-de?cit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has previously been associated with less satisfaction and success in romantic relationships. This study compares con?ict resolution and problem-solving behaviors in young adult romantic couples either having one partner with ADHD combined type (C-couples), having one partner identi?ed with ADHD inattentive type (IA-couples), or in which neither partner has an ADHD diagnosis (nondiagnosed [ND] couples). Self-reports of current and childhood ADHD symptoms corroborated diag-nostic status and speaker and listener behaviors, coded via the Rapid Couples Interaction Scoring System (Gottman, 1996), were the primary dependent variables. Analyses revealed greater negativity and less positivity in C-couples’ behavior during a con?ict resolution task, relative to IA and ND couples, and this corresponded with couples’ relational satisfaction. IA-couples emitted relational behavior that was largely similar to ND couples. Findings support that relational impairment exists in C-couples, and to some degree, contrast with previous research suggesting that individuals with predominant inattention experience greater social impairment in adulthood than those with other types of ADHD
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