13,084 research outputs found

    Chapitre 3. Un sanctuaire secret

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    L’étude pluridisciplinaire du site a montrĂ© que Pergouset reprĂ©sente un vĂ©ritable archĂ©type de ce que l’on doit nommer un sanctuaire secret, rĂ©servĂ© Ă  un ou deux officiants ou Ă  quelques « initiĂ©s » seulement, bien diffĂ©rent des grands sanctuaires publics dont le type rĂ©gional est la grotte du Pech‑Merle, justement baptisĂ©e « grotte‑temple » par A. Lemozi. Certains aspects de la technologie des tracĂ©s et surtout la rĂ©partition dynamique des thĂšmes soulignent l’homogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© du dispositif pariĂ©tal de Pergouset et l’existence d’un vĂ©ritable scĂ©nario se dĂ©roulant dans les profondeurs de la galerie. Le nombre des figurations de mĂȘme que leur rĂ©alisme s’accroissent progressivement du fond vers le dĂ©but du sanctuaire. Les trois vulves fĂ©minisent l’univers souterrain environnant. De façon spectaculaire les gravures animent la grotte ; elles paraissent surgir des reliefs rocheux. L’ensemble des observations rĂ©alisĂ©es au cours de ce long travail suggĂšre que, pour les MagdalĂ©niens, la cavitĂ© elle‑mĂȘme semble avoir jouĂ© un rĂŽle symbolique important en relation avec l’apparition de la vie dans le sein de la Terre, c’est‑à‑dire avec une mythologie de l’origine du monde.The multidisciplinary study of the site has shown that Pergouset represents a veritable archetype of what one can call a "secret sanctuary" reserved for one or two officiants or just a few " initiates ", and quite different from the great public sanctuaries whose regional type site is the cave of Pech‑Merle, aptly baptised a "Temple‑Cave" by A. Lemozi. Some aspects of the technology of the drawings, and especially the dynamic distribution of themes, underline the homogeneity of Pergouset’s parietal layout and the existence of a veritable scenario that unfolds in the depths of the gallery. The figures become more and more numerous and increasingly realistic from the back to the beginning of the sanctuary. The there vulvas feminise the surrounding subterranean universe. The engravings animate the cave in a spectacular fashion ; they seem to spring out of the rocky reliefs. All of the observations made in the course of this long investigation suggest that, for the Magdalenians, the cave itself seems to have played an important symbolic role in relation to the appearance of life in the bowels of the Earth, that is, to a mythology of the origin of the world.El estudio pluridisciplinar ha demostrado que Pergouset representa un verdadero arquetipo de lo que debe denominarse « santuario secreto », reservado a uno o dos oficiantes o a sĂłlo algunos « iniciados », bien diferente de los grandes santuarios pĂșblicos, y cuyo ejemplo tĂ­pico regional es Ă©l de Pech‑Merle con razĂłn bautizado « gruta‑templo » por A. Lemozi. Algunos aspectos de la tecnologĂ­a de los trazados lineales y, sobre todo la reparticiĂłn dinĂĄmica de los temas, subrayan la homogeneidad del dispositivo parietal de Pergouset y la existencia de un verdadero escenario desarrollado en las profundidades de la galerĂ­a: las figuraciones se van haciendo cada vez mĂĄs numerosas y mĂĄs realistas desde el fondo hasta el comienzo del santuario. Las tres vulvas feminizan el universo subterrĂĄneo circundante. Los grabados animan la gruta de una manera espectacular, pareciendo surgir de los relieves rocosos. Las observaciones realizadas durante este largo trabajo sugieren que la cueva misma jugaba un importante papel simbĂłlico, relacionado con la apariciĂłn de la vida en el seno de la Tierra; es decir, con una mitologĂ­a del origen del mundo

    L’Asie du Sud-Est 2023 : bilan, enjeux et perspectives

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    Chaque annĂ©e, l’Institut de recherche sur l’Asie du Sud-Est contemporaine (IRASEC), basĂ© Ă  Bangkok, mobilise une vingtaine de chercheurs et d’experts pour mieux comprendre l’actualitĂ© rĂ©gionale de ce carrefour Ă©conomique, culturel et religieux, au cƓur de l’Indo-Pacifique. Cette collection permet de suivre au fil des ans l’évolution des grands enjeux contemporains de cette rĂ©gion continentale et archipĂ©lagique de plus de 680 millions d’habitants, et d’en comprendre les dynamiques d’intĂ©gration rĂ©gionale et de connectivitĂ©s avec le reste du monde. L’Asie du Sud-Est 2023 propose une analyse synthĂ©tique et dĂ©taillĂ©e des principaux Ă©vĂ©nements politiques et diplomatiques, ainsi que des Ă©volutions Ă©conomiques, sociales et environnementales de l’annĂ©e 2022 dans chacun des onze pays de la rĂ©gion. Ce dĂ©cryptage est complĂ©tĂ© pour chaque pays par un focus sur deux personnalitĂ©s de l’annĂ©e et une actualitĂ© marquante en image. L’ouvrage propose Ă©galement cinq dossiers thĂ©matiques qui abordent des sujets traitĂ©s Ă  l’échelle rĂ©gionale sud-est asiatique : les ressorts institutionnels de l’approche de santĂ© intĂ©grĂ©e One Health, le vieillissement de la population et sa prise en compte par les politiques publiques, les cĂąbles sous-marins au cƓur de la connectivitĂ© sud-est asiatique, l’amĂ©nagement du bassin du MĂ©kong et ses multiples acteurs, et les enjeux politiques et linguistiques des langues transnationales. Des outils pratiques sont Ă©galement disponibles : une fiche et une chronologie par pays et un cahier des principaux indicateurs dĂ©mographiques, sociaux, Ă©conomiques et environnementaux

    Critical terrorism studies and the far-right: Beyond problems and solutions?

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    Recent years have witnessed increasing academic, media, and political attention to the threat of far-right terrorism. In this article, I argue that scholarship on this threat has suffered from two limitations, each with antecedents in terrorism research more broadly. First, is an essentialist approach to this phenomenon as an extra-discursive object of knowledge to be defined, explained, catalogued, risk assessed, and (ultimately) resolved. Second, is a temptation to emphasise, even accentuate, the scale of this threat. These limitations are evident, I argue, within scholarship motivated by a problem-solving aspiration for policy relevance. They are evident too, though, within critical interventions in which a focus on far-right terrorism is seen as an important corrective to established biases and blind spots within (counter-)terrorism research and practice. In response, I argue for an approach rooted in the problematisation and desecuritisation of the far-right threat. This, I suggest, facilitates important new reflection on the far-right’s production within and beyond terrorism research, as well as on the purposes and politics of critique therein

    Metaphors of London fog, smoke and mist in Victorian and Edwardian Art and Literature

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    Julian Wolfreys has argued that after 1850 writers employed stock images of the city without allowing them to transform their texts. This thesis argues, on the contrary, that metaphorical uses of London fog were complex and subtle during the Victorian and Edwardian periods, at least until 1914. Fog represented, in particular, formlessness and the dissolution of boundaries. Examining the idea of fog in literature, verse, newspaper accounts and journal articles, as well as in the visual arts, as part of a common discourse about London and the state of its inhabitants, this thesis charts how the metaphorical appropriation of this idea changed over time. Four of Dickens's novels are used to track his use of fog as part of a discourse of the natural and unnatural in individual and society, identifying it with London in progressively more negative terms. Visual representations of fog by Constable, Turner, Whistler, Monet, Markino, O'Connor, Roberts and Wyllie and Coburn showed an increasing readiness to engage with this discourse. Social tensions in the city in the 1880s were articulated in art as well as in fiction. Authors like Hay and Barr showed the destruction of London by its fog because of its inhabitants' supposed degeneracy. As the social threat receded, apocalyptic scenarios gave way to a more optimistic view in the work of Owen and others. Henry James used fog as a metaphorical representation of the boundaries of gendered behaviour in public, and the problems faced by women who crossed them. The dissertation also examines fog and individual transgression, in novels and short stories by Lowndes, Stevenson, Conan Doyle and Joseph Conrad. After 1914, fog was no more than a crude signifier of Victorian London in literature, film and, later, television, deployed as a cliche instead of the subtle metaphorical idea discussed in this thesis

    Building body identities - exploring the world of female bodybuilders

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    This thesis explores how female bodybuilders seek to develop and maintain a viable sense of self despite being stigmatized by the gendered foundations of what Erving Goffman (1983) refers to as the 'interaction order'; the unavoidable presentational context in which identities are forged during the course of social life. Placed in the context of an overview of the historical treatment of women's bodies, and a concern with the development of bodybuilding as a specific form of body modification, the research draws upon a unique two year ethnographic study based in the South of England, complemented by interviews with twenty-six female bodybuilders, all of whom live in the U.K. By mapping these extraordinary women's lives, the research illuminates the pivotal spaces and essential lived experiences that make up the female bodybuilder. Whilst the women appear to be embarking on an 'empowering' radical body project for themselves, the consequences of their activity remains culturally ambivalent. This research exposes the 'Janus-faced' nature of female bodybuilding, exploring the ways in which the women negotiate, accommodate and resist pressures to engage in more orthodox and feminine activities and appearances

    The temporality of rhetoric: the spatialization of time in modern criticism

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    Every conception of criticism conceals a notion of time which informs the manner in which the critic conceives of history, representation and criticism itself. This thesis reveals the philosophies of time inherent in certain key modern critical concepts: allegory, irony and the sublime. Each concept opens a breach in time, a disruption of chronology. In each case this gap or aporia is emphatically closed, elided or denied. Taking the philosophy of time elaborated by Giorgio Agamben as an introductory proposition, my argument turns in Chapter One to the allegorical temporality which Walter Benjamin sees as the time of photography. The second chapter examines the aesthetics of the sublime as melancholic or mournful untimeliness. In Chapter Three, Paul de Man's conception of irony provides an exemplary instance of the denial of this troubling temporal predicament. In opposition to the foreclosure of the disturbing temporalities of criticism, history and representation, the thesis proposes a fundamental rethinking of the philosophy of time as it relates to these categories of reflection. In a reading of an inaugural meditation on the nature of time, and in examining certain key contemporary philosophical and critical texts, I argue for a critical attendance to that which eludes those modes of thought that attempt to map time as a recognizable and essentially spatial field. The Confessions of Augustine provide, in the fourth chapter, a model for thinking through the problems set up earlier: Augustine affords us, precisely, a means of conceiving of the gap or the interim. In the final chapter, this concept is developed with reference to the criticism of Arnold and Eliot, the fiction of Virginia Woolf and the philosophy of cinema derived from Deleuze and Lyotard. In conclusion, the philosophical implications of the thesis are placed in relation to a conception of the untimeliness of death

    A queer politics of emotion: reimagining sexualities and schooling

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    peer-reviewedThis paper draws together Hochschild’s (1979; 1983) concepts of emotional labour and feeling rules with Ahmed’s affective economies (2004a, 2004b; 2008; 2010) and queer phenomenology (2006a, 2006b) as a way to address wider questions about sexuality and schooling. It highlights the value of the everyday politics of emotion for elucidating and clarifying the specificities, pertinence and complementarities of Hochschild’s and Ahmed’s work for reimagining the relationship between sexualities and schooling. The combination of their approaches allows for a focus on the individual, bodily management of emotions while demonstrating the connectedness of bodies and spaces. It enables disruption of ‘inclusive’ and ‘progressive’ educational approaches that leave heterosexuality uninterrupted and provides insight into how power works in and across the bodies, discourses, practices, relations and spaces of schools to maintain a collective orientation towards heterosexuality. It also counters linear narratives of progressive change, elucidating how change is a hopeful but messy process of simultaneous constraint, transgression and transformation. Key moments from a three-year study with LGBT-Q teachers entering into civil partnerships (CP) in Ireland serve as exploratory examples of the theoretical ideas put forward in this paper.ACCEPTEDpeer-reviewe

    Photography and Aesthetics: a critical study on visual and textual narratives in the lifework of Sergio LarraĂ­n and its impact in 20th century Europe and Latin America

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    The main focus of this study is a theoretical exploration of critical approaches applicable to the work of the Chilean photographer Sergio LarraĂ­n (1931-2012). It presents analytical tools to contextualise and understand the importance and impact of his work in photographic studies and his portrayal of twentieth-century Latin American and European culture. It inspects in depth a large portion of his photo work, which is still only partially published and mostly reduced to his "active" period as a photojournalist, aside from the personal photographic exploration of his early and late career (C. Mena). This extended material creates a broader scope for understanding his photographs and him as a canonical photographer. This study analyses the photographer's trajectory as discourses of recollection of historical memory in time (Mauad) to trace LarraĂ­n's collective memory associated with his visual production. Such analysis helps decode his visual imagery and his projection and impact on the European and Latin American culture. This strategy helps solve a two fold problem: firstly, it generates an interpretive consistency to understand the Chilean's photographic practice; secondly, it explores the power of images as an aesthetic experience in the installation of nationalist ideologies and the creation of imaginaries (B. Anderson 163)
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