FREE ADMISSION TO MUSEUMS AND MONUMENTS: AN EXPLORATION OF SOME PERCEPTIONS OF THE AUDIENCES.

This paper considers the theme of the audiences' perceptions of free admission in national French museums and monuments. The results show that, from an individual perspective, perceptions of free admission are linked to perceptions of price, of money and of payment, hence complementing perceptions expressed in a collective perspective (a symbolic, political measure, causing either adhesion or rejection). These perspectives are generally put forward by both advocates and opponents of the measure in their discussions. This different vision of free admission has managerial implications for managers of museums and monuments.Free admission, price, museums and monuments, multiangulation

Study of Art Plaza Circulation Theory and Shape of Art Plaza

The circulation system is a vital linking infrastructure that connects various activities and uses land on an area and inside a building that considers functional, economic, flexibility and comfort aspects. The explanation of this theory emphasizes the uniqueness of the building itself. So that there are various shapes of buildings in an effort to adjust to environmental conditions, climate, and natural surroundings. As a result, the resulting building has a special shapeation in accordance with the idea of an architect

Visitors’ satisfaction and perceived affective qualities towards museums: the impact of recreational areas

Questo studio indaga il ruolo svolto dai fattori ambientali sulla valutazione di una visita al museo da parte degli utenti. È stata condotta un’indagine empirica per rilevare la soddisfazione dei visitatori e la valutazione dell'esperienza museale, con un'attenzione particolare alle aree ricreative (negozio di souvenir e ristorante/bar). Un campione di 160 visitatori di due musei di Roma (50% italiani e 50% madrelingua inglese) ha completato un questionario comprendente scale sulle qualità affettive dei luoghi (Russell & Pratt, 1980), sulla soddisfazione e sulle motivazioni della visita. I risultati hanno mostrato che le aree ricreative, in particolare il negozio di souvenir, facilitano la creazione di una relazione positiva tra il visitatore e l'ambiente museale. La valutazione degli utenti è stata anche associata a differenze linguistiche e relative alle motivazioni alla base della visita.This study investigates the role played by environmental factors on users’ evaluation of a museum visit. An empirical research was carried out to detect visitors’ satisfaction and assessment of museum experience, with a special focus onto its recreational areas (i.e., gift shop and restaurant/cafeteria). A sample of 160 visitors of two museums of Rome (50% Italians and 50% English mother tongue) completed a questionnaire including scales on affective qualities of places (Russell & Pratt, 1980), satisfaction towards the visit, and motives for the visit. Results showed the relevance of recreational areas, especially the gift shop, in facilitating the creation of a positive relationship between the visitor and the museum environment. Users’ assessment was also associated to differences in visitors’ mother tongue, age, educational level and motives underlying the visit

Eco-Retreat Center Design in Jungle Farm, Liberia, West Africa

Located in West Africa, Liberia is currently undergoing a reconstruction phase after 14 years of civil war, a war that ended in 2003. As a country, Liberia currently faces serious political, financial, administrative, and organizational problems that will affect its future in numerous ways. Since the availability of comfortable and sustainable spaces for organizations working on rebuilding the country is limited, the Eco-Retreat Center design project will help to fill this shortage, creating a new, sustainable retreat center that will be accessible to all who live here, or that come to visit and to participate in the rebuilding of Liberia. Education and water availability represent other major problems in Liberia. An estimated 80 percent of schools, health service structures, water wells, and sanitation facilities have been either destroyed or abandoned since 1998. Energy, sanitation, and water systems are therefore in dire need, thus making them very important considerations in the development of any project in Liberia, as they will serve as a foundation for other sustainable techniques and development strategies in the reconstruction of the country. This design project seeks to do this, and through a sensitive site design that places buildings, rain harvesting elements, water towers, and more into a complex and severely constrained site, this project can become a model for sustainable redevelopment in West Africa and beyond. From a sustainability standpoint, the retreat center will create a combination of ecological, social, economic and aesthetic places for educational and/or social events. The sustainable design strategies are reflected in the overall site design, materials selection, and through the use of specific stormwater management strategies. Specifically, the retreat center will preserve and restore native plants, use environmental friendly building materials, and manage water and energy that can be collected, balanced, and utilized in the long term. The design of the Eco-retreat Center will meet the needs of all the potential users and create an ecological and sustainable place that is connected to the existing ecological system and environment. Through the use of site analysis, user- and resident-analysis, precedent studies, and historical analysis, the design team developed a detailed site plan, and then site-specific design proposals that meet the need of the client. The final result will be used by the client in both fundraising efforts, and as a guide for actual site development in Liberia, leading to the creation of an innovative and important Eco-retreat Center in West Africa.Master of Landscape ArchitectureNatural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110990/1/Eco-Retreat_Center_Design_in_Liberia_2015.pd

The Yamanote Loop: Unifying Rail Transportation and Disaster Resilience in Tokyo

As climate change and population growth persist, and as the world rapidly urbanizes, major cities across the globe will face unprecedented strains. The risk of devastating impact from natural disasters increases in areas with a growing concentration of people. Megacities in Asia are the most at-risk of natural disasters, given their geographic location and high population density. With the highest projected population growth in the world, Asian cities must quickly expand and adapt their existing infrastructure to accommodate the transforming global conditions. A remarkable anomaly amongst Asian megacities, Tokyo, Japan is effectively adapting to its earthquake-prone environment. Within the last century, Japan has implemented seismically reinforced buildings and educational resources for earthquake preparedness. Amongst other technological innovations, investments in railway transportation have permitted major cities like Tokyo to expand and adjust according to its changing needs. The Yamanote Line is the primary commuter rail line in Tokyo. Its antecedent originated in 1885 and has since undergone significant changes to evolve into the highly sophisticated system it is today. By examining the evolvement of the Yamanote line from its conception and into the 21st century, this study explores the correlation between local rail transportation networks and their city’s resilience to natural disasters. A descriptive analysis aligned with four constructs of transportation resilience—robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity—observes instances in which the Yamanote line potentially strengthens Tokyo’s comprehensive disaster preparedness. The following study intentionally circumvents normative-prescriptive conclusions and focuses primarily on the impact of transformations of railway transportation on its broader urban context over time respective to disaster resilience and with consideration of other relative factors

The importance of Lifestyle entrepreneurship: A conceptual study of the tourism industry

The purpose of the paper is to explore and discuss the emergence of lifestyle entrepreneurship. The article addresses the question of the relationship between entrepreneur’s life quality and enterprise growth. The purpose is to conceptualize this relationship and to learn more about lifestyle entrepreneurship. Tourism serves as a case industry to illustrate both relevant research in the field of lifestyle entrepreneurship and a conceptual framework to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial activities and perceived life quality. The paper delivers a literature review on entrepreneurship and certain forms of entrepreneurship and conceptualizes lifestyle enterprise’s growth.

Unity in Restoring: a Study on Healing Attributes of Persian Garden

Spending time in a Persian garden gives one the impression of being away and a sense of connection with nature. These feelings alleviate mental fatigue, or stress and bring about mental restoration. Simply, one feels mentally refreshed after visiting and strolling in a Persian garden. The motivation for the research is to evaluate the theory that whether Persian traditional garden can be used as a restorative garden or even its design principles can be employed to create an environment of such kind. The main areas of investigation in this paper include understanding restorative attributes provided with the garden on visitors. Persian garden provides opportunities that intuitively engender restorative attributes which can fully be felt by being there, whether it was intended for such a purpose or not. The paper tries to imply that the aim of creation of such spaces (Persian garden) was so supreme that restoration can be considered as one of the subjects which arouses from a dominant interrelation between human and space (nature) in a common entire inherence

Suggested music activities for grades one and two.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Understanding Traditional Domestic Buildings in Pakistan – Lessons for Contemporary Design

After Independence in 1947, the quest for modernity was evident in the way Pakistan pursued western ideologies in its building design and construction. Architects from around the world were invited to envision the new face of the young nation. The capital, Islamabad was envisioned and planned by Greek Planner Constantinos Dioxidas who was invited by the Government of Pakistan. Modernity was viewed as a symbol of progress, replacing, discarding architectural traditions in the process. Unlike the modern ideology currently being practiced in the country, traditional domestic architecture of Pakistan is a response to local context, that considers the climate, availability of indigenous materials and craftsmanship, respect for local cultures and societies, and commonly held religious beliefs and traditions. This paper analyzes traditional dwellings in Pakistan and the surrounding region to establish that traditional design can guide contemporary housing design in Pakistan. It draws upon the solutions found in historic domestic buildings to address contemporary challenges. The analysis proves that adoption of traditional building principles can be beneficial and sustainable and there are lessons to be learned from historic architectural buildings of Pakistan. The paper analyzes six residential buildings that incorporates aspects of traditional building; three historical pre-Partition buildings and three contemporary post-Partition projects and establishes the importance of adopting traditional architectural principles in contemporary context